© Ignacio Rivero

伊格纳西奥·里韦罗

架构师提供的文本描述。500平方米单一水平的单户住宅，位于尤卡坦梅里达历史中心附近的一个老社区。这座房子占地2000平方米，有着50年历史的大型特有树木，主要位于周边，是该遗址的巨大附加值。

Text description provided by the architects. 500 m2 single family house on a single level, located in an old neighborhood adjacent to the historic center of Merida, Yucatan. The house in in a 2,000 m2 site, with large endemic trees fifty years old, located primarily on the perimeter as a great added value of the site.

这片土地也被1960年代的一栋房子占据，房子只有一层，面积也差不多。由于它缺乏建筑价值，对其结构造成重大破坏，空间的实施和定位不良，房屋不得不拆除。

The site was also occupied by a house from the 1960s, with a single level and similar size. Because of its lack of architectural value, major damage to its structure and its bad implementation and orientation of spaces, the house had to be demolished.

新建筑的设计遵循两个指令：

The new construction is designed following two directives:

-建造一座热的、透明的、灯光充足的房子，以利于开阔的景观，并逐渐与树木和新花园相连，这是居住在这座房子的概念的一部分。

- Build a thermal, transparent and light house, to favor expansive views of the site, and gradual physical connections to the trees and the new garden created as part of the concept of living in this house.

-建议一种建筑制度，尽量减少石匠的可能干预，偏袒预制建筑，尽量减少完工细节，将其作为插入在技术上远远落后的文化环境中的作品的属性。

- Propose a construction system that minimizes the possible intervention of masons, favoring prefabricated construction and minimizing finishing details as attributes of a work inserted in a cultural environment that is technologically far behind.

 © Tim Street Porter

(提姆街波特)

激励我们的参考文献包括克雷格·埃尔伍德和皮埃尔·科尼格的作品，以及20世纪50年代加州的案例研究之家。在我们的案例中，并与这些工作相比，我们认为一个重大的挑战，引入可持续性的组成部分，并处理建筑逻辑之间的明显矛盾，最大的透明度-轻和最低的热质量-热增益，在炎热潮湿的气候，有严重飓风的风险。

Among the references that inspired us are the works of Craig Ellwood and Pierre Koenig, and the Case Study Houses in California from the 1950s. In our case and in clear contrast with those works, we consider a major challenge, to introduce the component of sustainability and deal with the apparent contradiction between the architectural logic of maximum transparency-lightness and minimum thermal mass-heat-gain in a hot, humid climate with risk of severe hurricanes.

 Estructura

destructure变性

作为回应，我们与结构工程师和提供选定的热材料的公司一起构思和开发了一种混合建筑系统，将金属轴承元件和蜂窝混凝土混合在一起。这两种材料的性能并置，可以创造一个高性能结构，其元素实际上达到其最小的可能部分。

In response we conceptualized and developed in conjunction with the structural engineers and the company providing the selected thermal material, a hybrid construction system that blends metal bearing elements and cellular concrete. The juxtaposition of the properties of both materials allowed to create a high performance structure whose elements practically reach its minimum possible section.

所采用的建筑系统允许使用2.5英寸方管钢梁和8英寸知识产权梁等基本结构构件，可连接12.5厘米厚的刚性墙砌块和15厘米板，覆盖4.8米的楼板。

The construction system achieved allows the use of basic structural elements as 2.5 inch square tubular steel beams and 8 inch IPR beams for columns and girders, capable of coupling to 12.5 cm thick blocks in stiff walls and 15 cm panels for slabs covering spans of 4.8 meters.

 © Ignacio Rivero

伊格纳西奥·里韦罗

该项目的模块产生于这两种材料在商业方面的最佳使用，这基本上决定了建筑的规模和比例：3米的天花板高度和1.2米的空间倍数。该房子的计划包括三间卧室及其各自的浴室；厨房-客厅-露台在一个玻璃卷，一个带有附加浴室的客人和从游泳池使用的工作室；服务区和车库三辆车。

The module of the project arises from the optimal use of both materials in their commercial dimensions, which essentially determined the scale and proportions of the architecture: ceiling heights of 3 meters and dimensions of spaces in multiples of 1.2 meters. The program of the house includes three bedrooms with their respective bathrooms; kitchen-living room-terrace in one glass volume, a studio with attached bathroom for guests and use from the pool; service area and garage for three cars.

该方案与房屋的主体积分开，完成了一个“客座亭”-一座48平方米的单层建筑，作为对最低和高效率住宅设计的一种测试。这座建筑有一个露台、餐厅和生活区、小厨房、浴室和一个17平方米的卧室。

Separated from the main volume of the house, the program is completed with a "guest pavilion" a building with a single level of 48m2, designed as a test of minimum and high efficiency housing design. This building has a terrace, dining and living area, kitchenette, bathroom and a 17m2 bedroom.

 Croquis Pabellón

番红花Pabellón

建筑的定义是在合理的材料使用逻辑和建筑系统作为设计机会向我们展示的塑料构造之间的一致性。由此，空间的设计与不同层次的保护有关：通风地板，悬垂的循环和光温过渡，滑动旋转金属板与竹子来自该地区。

The architecture is defined in the congruence between the rational logic of use of materials and the plastic tectonics that the construction system revealed to us as design opportunities. From this the spaces are designed in relation to different layers of protection: ventilated floors, overhangs that are circulations and light-temperature transitions, sliding-pivoting metal panels with bamboo from the region.

 © Tim Street Porter

(提姆街波特)

在这种情况下，这些策略允许在温暖的气候和极度明亮的环境中舒适地居住在一个大玻璃盒子里，而无需使用人工空调。对材料特性的深入研究使我们得以创造一种创新的、负担得起的建筑系统，它的特点之一是可以将蜂窝混凝土与灰泥结合起来，这种水泥是基于丘库姆树的一种树脂制成的。Chukum树是建筑师萨尔瓦多·雷耶斯·里奥斯1996年重新发现和重新发明的一种祖传技术，后来成为尤卡坦当代建筑的遗产。

These strategies allow in this case to comfortably inhabit a large glass box in a warm climate and extreme brightness without resorting to artificial air conditioning. A deep study of the properties of materials allowed us to create an innovative and affordable construction system, which among its attributes, can amalgamate cellular concrete with stucco based on a resin from the Chukum tree, an ancestral technique that architect Salvador Reyes Rios rediscovered and reinvented in 1996, since become a legacy for the contemporary architecture of Yucatan.

 © Pim Schalkwijk

Pim Schalkwijk

Architects Reyes Ríos + Larraín Arquitectos

Location Merida, Mexico

Category Houses

Architectural and Interior Design Salvador Reyes Ríos, Josefina Larraín Lagos

Project Area 500.0 m2

Project Year 2013

Photographs Pim Schalkwijk, Tim Street Porter, Ignacio Rivero

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