十域建筑事务所 麻绳是主角,北京米棉庄园改造
2022-10-26 22:37
十域建筑事务所(Domain Architects)由徐小萌先生创建于上海,具有实验性的探索精神和创造力,注重以独特的场地策略重塑空间体验。
Domain Architects坚持“以体验为中心”的设计理念。“体验”是建筑与使用者发生关系的最终媒介,因此,“体验”才是一切设计和建造活动的核心。
Established in Shanghai, Domain Architects is a studio led by Mr. XU Xiaomeng, operating within the boundaries of architecture, urbanism, landscape, interior and product design. Our practice strives to reform architectural experience with innovative site strategy. In our opinion, designing architecture is not about drawing physical things, but to create unique and attractive experiences. Then the architecture would naturally grow up to enable the experience.
与高度城市化的市中心相比,北京市中心周围的山区仍然保持着乡村和自然的风貌。场地是北京一个山村的一所废弃多年的小学,由四排砖木框架房屋组成,房屋以重复的方式排列,四周环绕着高墙。作为出租物业,业主希望将其改造成一家高端精品酒店。由于租赁条款和当地规定,不允许对原有结构进行任何增减或重大改变。
In contrast to the extremely urbanized downtown, the mountain area surrounding the city center of Beijing is still kept rural and natural. The site was a primary school abandoned for years in a mountain village in Beijing, consisting of four rows of brick and timber frame houses arranged in a repeated way and surrounded by high perimeter walls. As a rent property, the client wanted to renovate it into a high-end boutique hotel. Due to the lease terms and local regulations, any addition, subtraction or major change to the original structures was not allowed.
与北京的大多数项目不同,该项目聘请了当地村民(其中许多人不是专业工人)来施工,以加强与村庄的联系。受新冠肺炎防控政策、交通限制和季节的影响,建筑材料必须尽可能从附近的地点采购,而实际施工时间只有三个月。因此,我们必须找到一种低技术和轻干预策略来改变场地体验。
Unlike most projects in Beijing, this project hired local villagers (many of them were not professional workers) for construction in order to strengthen the connection with the village. Affected by the COVID-19 control policies, traffic restrictions and seasons, the building materials had to be sourced from locations as close as possible, while the actual construction time was only three months. Therefore, we had to find a low-tech and light intervention strategy to reform the site experience.
麻绳作为一种史前以来极为常见的材料,很少在建筑中大规模使用。在这个项目中,我们使用了6万米的麻绳来改变立面,而几乎不接触现有的房子。通过绳索的网状结构,原有的橙色瓷砖和墙壁随着观众站姿的变化而呈现出不同程度的变化。更重要的是,绳子在房屋内外以有意或无意的方式产生了非常丰富和戏剧性的光效果。
As an extreme common material since prehistoric times, hemp rope has been rarely used in architecture on a large scale. In this project, we used 60,000 meters of hemp rope to change the facades while barely touching the existing houses. Through the mesh of ropes, the original orange-colored tiles and walls are revealed in a changing degree as viewers change their standing points. More importantly, the ropes generate very rich and dramatic light effect inside and outside the houses, in both intended and unintended ways.
该场地靠近密云水库,但不容易察觉到场地上的水。我们通过从反射池升起的公共路径系统,在平缓的斜坡上上下起伏,重新创造了海滨住区的氛围。酒店开业后,我们意外地发现,不同高度的小径鼓励了大人和孩子们玩水的多种方式。
The site is situated close to Miyun Reservoir, but it is not easy to be aware of the water on the site. We recreated the atmosphere of a waterfront settlement with a system of public paths elevated from the reflection pool, undulating up and down in gentle slopes. After the hotel started operation, we unexpectedly found that the various heights of the paths encouraged many ways of playing with water for both adults and children.
唯一靠近道路的区域被改造成主要入口。因此,南面的第一幢房子被用作公共空间和服务空间,包括前台、餐厅、厨房、员工住房等。另外三套房子是客房,包括六间双人房和五间套房。每个房间都有一个完全私密的庭院。配有浴缸或作为茶室的玻璃玻璃从客房突出,使客人“潜入”庭院,并以身临其境的方式体验。
The only area next to road was transformed into the major entrance. Thus, the first house from the south is used as public space and service space, including the reception desk, restaurant, kitchen, staff housing, etc. The other three houses are guest rooms, including six double rooms and five suites. Every room has a courtyard with complete privacy. Glass vitrines equipped with bath tubs or serving as tea rooms protrude from guestrooms to enable guests to “dive” into the courtyards and experience them in an immersive way.
原来的稻草屋顶护套发霉了,换成了木板。除了这一点和一些隔断和开窗的变化,原来的房子几乎保持完整。由于广泛使用木材和麻绳等天然材料,以及短途供应商,整个改造项目的碳足迹估计接近于零。
The original straw roof sheathing was moldy and replaced by wood board. Other than this and some changes of partition and fenestration, the original houses were almost kept intact. Due to the extensive use of natural materials such as timber and hemp rope, and short-distance suppliers, the carbon footprint of the entire renovation project is estimated to be close to zero.
翻新是当今商业活动中极为常见的一种情况。租户的变化往往导致大量的建筑垃圾。在租期结束后,这个项目将会有一个更加环保的结局:所有的钢材将被回收,大麻绳将被埋在现场,回归泥土。在帮助这个项目完成了它短暂的生命之后,我们所使用的所有天然材料也将在自然界中回到它们的生命周期。
Renovation is an extremely common situation in todays commercial activities. Changes of tenants often result in significant amount of construction waste. At the end of the lease period, this project will come to a much more environmentally friendly ending: all the steel will be recycled, and the hemp rope will be buried on site and return to dirt. After helping this project to complete its ephemeral life, all the natural materials we used will also return to their life cycles in natural world.
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