Architects: Ström Architects Project: Woodpeckers House Location: New Forest, Hampshire, southern England Year 2016 Photographs: Luke Hayes

建筑师：斯特罗姆建筑师项目：啄木鸟屋位置：新林，汉普郡，2016年英格兰南部

Woodpeckers is a private house in the New Forest, designed as a two-storey replacement for a 1930s bungalow. The site sits amongst fields and woodland just outside the National Park, with a heavily-treed and well-established garden. The clients wanted a comfortable contemporary home as a weekend house, which could eventually become their permanent home in the future. With busy lives in London, they needed somewhere to retreat to at weekend. As keen gardeners and enjoying the outdoor lifestyle, they wanted a strong relationship with the garden, as well as the surrounding countryside.

啄木鸟是新森林中的一座私人住宅，作为一座20世纪30年代平房的两层楼的替代物而设计。该遗址位于国家公园外的田野和林地之间，有一个茂密的树木茂密的花园。客户想要一个舒适的现代住宅作为周末的房子，这最终可能成为他们的永久家园在未来。由于伦敦的生活很繁忙，他们需要在周末找个地方休息一下。作为热心的园丁和享受户外生活方式，他们希望与花园，以及周围的乡村建立牢固的关系。

With the clients both involved in the design world, their aspirations for the aesthetic and build qualities were high. They wanted a house that would be simple, elegant, and robust enough to cope with two dogs and regular visitors. A tight budget meant that the architects found efficiencies in the building fabric and structure to offset the cost, as the quality of finishes and size of spaces were not to be compromised.

由于客户都参与了设计世界，他们对美学和建筑质量的期望是很高的。他们想要一座简单、优雅、结实的房子，足以应付两只狗和常客。紧缩的预算意味着建筑师发现建筑结构和结构的效率来抵消成本，因为装修的质量和空间的大小是不会受到影响的。

Strom Architects established that for speed and cost reasons, it was best to adopt a timber frame for the house. To create a strong internal-external relationship, large openings would be required – traditional masonry would have needed large amounts of steel to achieve these, which would have attracted costs, and diluted the simplicity of a singular structural strategy. As it stands, the structure is entirely timber studwork, sitting on a piled concrete slab. The studwork is filled and over-clad with insulation, creating a thermally- and structurally- efficient envelope.

StromArchitects认为，由于速度和成本原因，最好采用木架作为房屋。为了建立强有力的内部关系，需要大量的开口--传统的砌体需要大量的钢材来实现这些，这将吸引成本，并稀释了单一结构战略的简单性。当它站起来时，该结构完全是木桩，坐在堆叠的混凝土板上。双头螺栓填充并覆盖隔热层，形成热效率和结构高效的外壳。

Planning constraints dictated a tight floor area, with an additional allowance for a ‘conservatory’. All overhangs were counted in the areas, so we established that a slab-sided volume would make best use of the restrictions, pushing glazing to the outer edge of the envelope. By integrating a single-storey flat-roofed glazed element, continuing out seamlessly from the main open plan space, the architects were able to eschew the typical aesthetic of a domestic conservatory.

规划方面的限制决定了一个狭小的楼面面积，并为一个“温室”提供额外的津贴。所有的悬垂都被计算在这些区域，所以我们确定板边的体积可以充分利用这些限制，把玻璃推到信封的外缘。通过整合单层平顶玻璃元素，从主要的开放式空间无缝地继续，建筑师们能够避免典型的国内温室的美学。

The driveway is to the North-West of the site, separated from the garden by a low wall and fruit trees. The Woodpeckers house sits on a low brick plinth which provides a raised entrance area, as well as larger terraces around the house. The ground conditions mean that the gardens can suffer with boggy lawns at times. The plinth allows outdoor areas to be enjoyed regardless of waterlogging. Above the plinth the house is clad in open-jointed untreated larch strips; wide horizontal bands of 3-ply larch boards are placed at first floor- and roof-level, to articulate the slab-sided façades and to express the timber floor plates within the structure.

车道是向西北方向的遗址，与花园隔着低矮的墙和果树。啄木鸟的房子坐落在一个低矮的砖头上，它提供了一个凸起的入口区域，以及房子周围更大的梯田。地面条件意味着花园有时会有泥泞的草坪。该平台允许户外地区享受不受水淹的影响。在桥墩上方，房屋覆盖着未经过处理的开敞连接的落叶松带材；三层落叶松板的宽水平带被放置在一层和屋顶层，以连接板边的立面，并在结构内表达木材地板。

Inside, the ground floor is split into smaller ancillary spaces to the West of the entrance, with open-plan spaces to the other side. The kitchen is anchored in the centre of the plan, with the dining area adjacent to it. Terraces to the North and South give a relationship between the busy interior and the gardens beyond. A void at first floor provides additional height, giving a feeling of space and connection between floors. The living room and conservatory enjoy views of woodland to the East. An open fireplace – with a white-painted brickwork chimney and cast concrete hearth – gives solidity, and a focal point to this living room.

在里面，底层被分割成入口西边的较小的附属空间，另一边是开放式的空间。厨房固定在计划的中心，就餐区与之相邻。南北梯田给出了繁忙的室内和外面的花园之间的关系。一楼的空隙提供额外的高度，给人一种空间感和楼层间的联系。客厅和温室可以欣赏到东方的林地景观。一个开放式的壁炉-一个白色的砖砌烟囱和浇铸的混凝土壁炉-给这个客厅提供了坚实的和一个焦点。

Brickslips are used as the floor finish, complementing the tactile qualities of the brick and concrete hearth; this floor finish continues out onto the terraces to give a seamless inside-outside feeling. An open-tread staircase leads to the first floor level. To the West is guest accommodation; the master bedroom is separated from these rooms by the void, and sits on the East side of the house to make the most of the morning sun.

砖瓦是作为地板装饰，补充了砖和混凝土壁炉的触觉质量；这种地板漆继续到露台上，给人一种无缝的内-外感觉。一条开阔的楼梯通向一楼.西边是客房，主卧室与这些房间隔着空隙，坐落在房子的东侧，充分利用早晨的阳光。

The relationship between the spaces and the sun was important to inform how and when spaces are used, as well as how they perform environmentally. Strom Architects prefer to approach sustainability in a more holistic manner, ensuring that it is considered as part of the design proposals, rather than as an add-on after the design is completed.

空间与太阳之间的关系对于了解空间的使用方式和时间以及它们在环境方面的表现非常重要。Strom建筑师更倾向于以更全面的方式来处理可持续性问题，确保将其视为设计建议的一部分，而不是在设计完成后作为补充。

Strom Architects carefully considered sunpath, overshading, thermal mass and natural light when creating Woodpeckers. With a slab-sided house there are no overhangs to prevent overheating; however, the mature trees on site prevent excessive solar gain so additional cooling is unnecessary. The large windows and central void capitalise on natural light, lessening the need for artificial light. The brickslip flooring provides thermal mass to this lightweight house, ensuring that temperatures are kept even.

斯特罗姆建筑师仔细考虑SUNPATH，遮阳，热质量和自然光时创造啄木鸟。有一个板边的房子，没有外挂，以防止过热；然而，成熟的树木在现场防止过多的太阳能增益，因此额外的冷却是不必要的。大窗户和中央空隙利用自然光，减少了对人造光的需求。砖砌体地板为这个轻巧的房子提供了热质量，确保温度保持均匀。

Openings on the North and South facades provide cross-ventilation, and with the void above them this also allows ventilation between the floor. A system of passive vents provides background ventilation. Underfloor heating at ground floor level is powered by an air source heat pump, lessening the requirements of gas heating, and is further supplemented by the open fire. Rainwater is dealt with in soakaways or collected for the garden. Foulwater is dealt with on site using a mini-sewage treatment plant, so there is little impact from the site’s occupation on its surroundings.

南北立面的开口提供交叉通风，上面的空隙也允许地板之间通风。被动通风口系统提供背景通风。底层地板采暖采用空气源热泵供电，降低了燃气采暖的要求，并辅以明火。雨水是用浸泡的方式处理的，或者是为花园收集的。Foulwater是在现场使用小型污水处理厂处理的，因此，现场的占用对周围环境的影响很小。

Designed from the outset as a timber-frame, the dimensions of the Woodpeckers house reflect maximum spans for standard engineered timber beams, utilising simple components with very little wastage from cutting. This approach of building more efficiently and simply is an important aspect of sustainability at Woodpeckers. Purely superficial elements, inefficient use of space or overly complex detailing, require more building; this in itself requires more energy, processing and waste. By rationalising the plan and simplifying facades, we built sustainability concerns into the design.

设计从一开始作为木材框架，啄木鸟房子的尺寸反映了最大跨度的标准工程木材梁，使用简单的组成部分，很少浪费从切割。这种更有效和简单的建筑方法是啄木鸟可持续性的一个重要方面。纯粹的表面因素、对空间的低效利用或过于复杂的细节，都需要更多的建筑；这本身就需要更多的能源、加工和浪费。通过使计划合理化和简化外观，我们在设计中考虑了可持续性问题。

Initially envisaged as a house for the weekends, Woodpeckers house has become much more to the clients, with them spending more and more time there – from long weekends, to weeks spent working from home and extended stays hosting family during the holidays.

啄木鸟屋最初设想为周末之家，现在对客户来说已经变得越来越多，他们在那里度过的时间越来越多-从长周末到在家里工作的几周，以及在假期期间寄养家人的长时间逗留。