Architects: Austin Maynard Architects Project: King Bill House Collaborators: Andrew Maynard, Mark Austin, Kathryne Houchin, Ray Dinh Location: Fitzroy, Melbourne, Australia Year 2018 Photographs: Courtesy of Austin Maynard Architects

建筑师：奥斯汀梅纳德建筑师项目：比尔国王的合作者：安德鲁·梅纳德，马克·奥斯汀，凯瑟琳·霍钦，雷·丁钦地点：澳大利亚墨尔本菲茨罗伊2018年照片：奥斯汀·梅纳德建筑师提供

IN A NUTSHELL Located in the vibrant back streets of Fitzroy, Melbourne, King Bill house is the renovation and extension of a double story terrace house and neighbouring garden. The King Bill house (one of 5 terraces built circa 1850) and its eastern garden were initially separate lots that were recently consolidated onto a single title. Recognising the importance and heritage significance of the area, as well as the rich eclectic nature of the location, the terrace facade remains untouched. A glazed corridor now runs along the eastern outer wall of the original terrace, linking the original house with the stable (garage and parents retreat) and the new pavilion, which houses kitchen, living and dining.

简而言之，位于墨尔本菲茨罗伊(Fitzroy)生机勃勃的后街的比尔国王豪宅(King Bill House)是一座双层露台屋和邻近花园的翻新和延伸。比尔国王的房子(大约1850年建造的5个梯田之一)和它的东部花园最初是分开的地块，最近合并成一个单一的标题。认识到该地区的重要性和遗产意义，以及丰富的折衷性质的位置，露台外观仍然没有受到影响。现在，一条玻璃走廊沿着原露台的东部外墙延伸，将原来的房子与马厩(车库和父母休整处)和新展馆连接起来，后者是厨房、生活和就餐的场所。

WHO MADE WILLIAM KING? A family of four (asked Austin Maynard Architects to design them their “forever house”. They asked for a renovation to their two story terrace home, incorporating the empty garden site to the east and re-using the old stable building at the rear. Long time Fitzroy locals, the clients chose not to capitalise on their block by exploiting the vacant site. They wanted more living space but they had no intention of maximising the economic yields by creating a huge home. Instead they sought to give something back to the suburb they love through a rich and generous garden.

谁造就了威廉·金？一个四口之家(请奥斯汀梅纳德建筑师设计他们的“永远的房子”)。他们要求对他们两层楼高的露台住宅进行翻修，将东边的空旷花园合并起来，并在后面重新使用这座旧的马厩。长期以来，菲茨罗伊的本地人，客户选择不利用他们的街区，利用空置的土地。他们想要更多的居住空间，但他们并不打算通过创造一个巨大的房子来最大化经济收益。相反，他们试图通过一个富丽堂皇的花园把他们喜欢的东西还给他们所爱的郊区。

A COLLAGE OF AN ECLECTIC SUBURB For two centuries Fitzroy has been a highly diverse suburb of Melbourne. Throughout Fitzroy we see examples of this. Brick terrace homes, weather board cottages, post war stud-veneer homes and 1960s flats sit comfortably next to corrugated sheds, old factories and repurposed warehouses, randomly broken by pocket parks and dense gardens. This diversity surrounds one of the finest neo-classical buildings in Australia, The Fitzroy Town Hall, one block form King Bill. Fitzroy’s history of boom and bust is written in its buildings, which has created a diversity and eclecticism rarely seen nor maintained with such affection. Here there is memory but also a dedication and willingness to be playful. Fitzroy is not nostalgic about its heritage, it engages with it. If you want to bring an old building back to life you do something vibrant so it doesn’t become a museum piece. King William Street is a wonderful example of Fitzroy’s eclecticism. King William Street has bursts of consistency broken by pocket parks and greenery. King Bill House is a love letter to Fitzroy. King Bill house is a collage of its built history, its textures, its forms, its order and its chaos.

两个世纪以来，菲茨罗伊(Fitzroy)一直是墨尔本一个高度多样化的郊区。在菲茨罗伊的整个过程中，我们都看到了这方面的例子。砖砌的露台房屋、气象板小屋、战后钉木屋和1960年代的公寓，舒适地坐落在瓦楞纸棚、旧工厂和重新使用的仓库旁边，随意地被口袋公园和密集的花园打破。这种多样性围绕着澳大利亚最好的新古典主义建筑之一，菲茨罗伊市政厅，一个街区形成的国王比尔。菲茨罗伊的繁荣和萧条的历史是写在它的建筑，这创造了多样性和折中主义很少见到或保持了这样的感情。这里有记忆，但也有一种奉献精神和玩耍的意愿。菲茨罗伊不怀旧自己的传统，而是参与其中。如果你想让一座古老的建筑恢复生机，你可以做一些充满活力的事情，这样它就不会成为博物馆的藏品。威廉国王街是菲茨罗伊折中主义的一个很好的例子。威廉国王街被口袋里的公园和绿色植物打破了一成不变的局面。比尔·豪斯国王是给菲茨罗伊的一封情书。比尔国王的房子是一个拼贴的历史，它的纹理，它的形式，它的秩序和它的混乱。

A HOUSE OF CONTRASTS At King Bill Austin Maynard Architects set out to completely re-think the terrace house and the principles that created them. Typically you walk through the front door of a terrace, past two bedrooms to the kitchen/living and small rear yard, which is usually overshadowed by the house itself. Austin Maynard Architects set aside these principles and looked at the house as empty spaces that needed new purpose. Holes have been punched through the boundary wall on the east and the entrance has been moved to the side to become a light filled corridor linking the old house with the stable and pavilion. With the entry moved, the original terrace entry porch is now a garden that the entry corridor is now a bathroom, which brings delight to the owners as they watch visitors scratch their head while they try to figure out how to find their way inside.

英国国王比尔·奥斯丁·梅纳德建筑师的住宅形成鲜明对比，他们开始彻底重新思考露台屋和创造它们的原则。通常情况下，你穿过阳台的前门，经过两间卧室，来到厨房/生活和小后院，这通常会被房子本身遮住。奥斯丁·梅纳德建筑师把这些原则搁置一边，把房子看作是需要新用途的空旷空间。东面的边界墙被打穿了洞，入口被移到一边，变成了一条灯火通明的走廊，把老房子与马厩和展馆连接起来。入口被移开后，原来的露台入口门廊现在变成了一个花园，入口走廊现在变成了浴室，这给业主带来了快乐，他们一边看着游客挠头，一边想办法在里面找到出路。

Surrounded by established garden, the glass pavilion sits in stark contrast to the dark masonry walls of the robust two story terraces either side. As with many Austin Maynard Architects projects the spaces created vary greatly in nature, thereby enabling the users to occupy spaces that best suit their mood, at any specific time. The introvert who wants to hide away and read a book in a dark space, verses someone who wants to slide away the walls and be in amongst the garden. Retaining the existing trees was fundamental to creating a variety of spaces. The house and the structure was meticulously designed to ensure that the existing trees remained intact throughout construction.

这座玻璃展馆被已建成的花园所包围，与两边坚固的两层梯田的深色砖墙形成鲜明对比。与许多奥斯汀梅纳德建筑师项目一样，创建的空间在本质上差异很大，从而使用户能够在任何特定的时间占据最适合他们情绪的空间。一个内向的人想要躲起来，在黑暗的空间里读一本书，他会对那些想要滑开墙壁，置身于花园中的人进行诗句。保留现有的树木是创造各种空间的基础。房子和结构精心设计，以确保现有的树木在整个施工过程中保持原封不动。

A PLAY SPACE FOR GROWN UPS The brick and metal rear stable was in general disrepair. The original brick walls, internal fireplaces and timber beams were retained. The new zincalume walls provides contemporary memory of the former life of the stable, which now houses a car stacker and a study, with the parent’s bedroom and bathroom above. A large curved sliding wall separates the parent’s bathroom from an open net over the study below. The parents can now step out of the bath, slide the wall away and then air dry themselves on the net in front of the big sunny north facing window.

一块用于成长UPS的游玩空间-砖头和金属后马厩-一般都是失修的。原有的砖墙、内部壁炉和木梁被保留下来。新的锌墙提供了当代记忆的前生活的马厩，现在有一个汽车堆叠和一个书房，父母的卧室和浴室在上面。在下面的研究中，一个大的弯曲滑动墙将父母的浴室从开放的网络中分离出来。父母们现在可以走出浴室，把墙滑开，然后在阳光明媚的北面大窗户前的网上晾干自己。

“MORE CURVES PLEASE” Good architecture requires a great client. King Bill’s owners are a dynamic and enthusiastic family. While the strategies have not changed greatly since the first sketches, the addition of curves was something that the owners were very keen to see. The original aesthetic was rectilinear, similar to THAT House. The owners wanted to see something more like MASH House. Inspired by the owners, Austin Maynard Architects added curved corrugated metal, curved internal walls and an inset curved concrete slab.

“更多的曲线请”良好的架构需要一个伟大的客户。比尔国王的主人是一个充满活力和热情的家庭。虽然策略并没有很大的变化，从第一次草图，增加曲线是一些业主非常渴望看到的东西。最初的美学是直线的，类似于那座房子。业主们想看看更像MASH的房子。在业主的启发下，奥斯丁梅纳德建筑师增加了弯曲波纹金属，弯曲内墙和嵌入弯曲混凝土板。

CORRUGATED STEEL The distinguishing and unifying feature of King Bill is the corrugated colorbond steel metal cladding. Surfmist Custom Orb is used to define each of the addictions – the stable building, the glass pavilion, and the bedroom pop out. The use of a singular material highlights the additions, particularly in the old stable building where the clean white steel contrasts with the original old brick. The advantage of the profile is that it can be rolled to create sweeping curves and sun shading eyelids. The versatility of using the linear ribs vertically or horizontal – allows the material to be used practically in different applications, to shade and guide rain water (the stable and pop out), or to create the curve of a building (the pavilion.)

波纹钢是金·比尔(King Bill)的独特和统一的特点，它是波纹彩色钢的金属熔覆。冲浪者自定义球是用来定义每一个上瘾-稳定的建筑物，玻璃亭，和卧室弹出。特别是在旧的稳定建筑中，清洁的白钢与原来的旧砖块形成了鲜明的对比。该轮廓的优点是，它可以滚动，以创造扫描曲线和遮阳眼睑。垂直或水平使用直线肋骨的多功能性-使材料在不同的应用中实际使用，可以遮荫和引导雨水(稳定的和突出的)，或者创造建筑物的曲线(展馆)。

SAVE THE TREES Austin Maynard Architects were determined to maintain and encourage a significant indigenous garden, to enrich the block, to contribute greenery to the street and to create another pocket park in Fitzroy. The eastern garden, which was obscured behind a tin fence, was already long established with thriving Ornamental Pear and Silver Birch trees. Instead of clearing the site (the easy option), great care, consideration and even greater lengths were taken to save the trees. This was a project in itself.

拯救树木奥斯汀梅纳德建筑师决心维护和鼓励一个重要的土著花园，丰富的街区，贡献绿色的街道，并创建另一个口袋公园在菲茨罗伊。东边的花园，在铁丝网后面被遮住了，早已建起了繁茂的观赏梨树和白桦树。而不是清除网站(简单的选择)，非常小心，考虑，甚至更大的努力，以挽救树木。这本身就是一个项目。

The concrete slab of the living/kitchen/dining pavilion cantilevers beyond its footings so as not to encroach on the root zones of the trees. The foundations for the Y-shaped steel framing are thin piers designed to pierce the ground in the smallest way possible to avoid causing root damage. The Y’s themselves were meticulously arranged to avoid trunks and branches, with the screening allows generous space for natural growth.

活/厨房/就餐亭的混凝土板悬臂在其底座之外，以免侵蚀树木的根部。Y形钢框架的基础是薄墩，目的是以尽可能最小的方式穿透地面，以避免造成根部损伤。Y本身的精心安排，以避免树干和树枝，与筛选允许广阔的空间，以自然生长。

SUSTAINABILITY Like all of Austin Maynard Architects buildings, sustainability is at the core of King Bill. The large garden increases the permeability of the site and also radically reduces heat sink in the area. Passive solar principals are maximised by the design. The pavilion is set back to create a sunny northern garden and is a deliberately low structure allowing sunlight into the garden to the south of it and passive solar gain into the re-imagined ‘shed’ on the southern boundary. The northern facade of the shed has been rebuilt to create a smaller footprint. The new facade is clad in Surfmist Colorbond which significantly reflects heat. The wall is double stud and thermal broken with high performance insulation throughout.

可持续性就像所有奥斯汀梅纳德建筑师建筑一样，可持续性是比尔国王的核心。大花园增加了场地的渗透性，也从根本上减少了该地区的热沉。该设计最大限度地利用了被动太阳能原理。这个亭子是为了建造一个阳光明媚的北方花园，是一个故意低的结构，允许阳光照射到它的南面的花园里，而被动的太阳进入南部边界的重新想象的“棚屋”。这个棚子的北面已被重建，以创造一个更小的足迹。新的立面被涂上了冲浪雾色键，这很大程度上反映了热量。墙壁是双螺柱和热裂，高性能绝缘贯穿始终。

All new work aims to maximise available daylight and optimise passive solar gain in winter, while ensuring that summer sun does not hit the glass. All windows are double-glazed. There is no glazing on western facades and limited glass on the eastern facades. With active management of shade and passive ventilation, demands on mechanical heating and cooling are drastically reduced. A large water tank has been buried within the rear yard. All roof water is captured and reused to flush toilets and water the garden. Where possible Austin Maynard Architects have sourced local trades, materials and fittings. Solar panels with micro-inverters cover the old roof.

所有新的工作都是为了最大限度地利用白天和优化被动太阳能在冬天的增益，同时确保夏天的太阳不会击中玻璃。所有的窗户都是双层玻璃的.西面没有玻璃，东面没有有限的玻璃。通过积极管理阴凉和被动通风，大大减少了对机械加热和冷却的要求。一个大水箱被埋在后院里。所有屋顶的水都会被捕获并重复使用，用来冲洗厕所和给花园浇水。在可能的情况下，奥斯汀梅纳德建筑师已经采购当地的贸易，材料和配件。带有微型逆变器的太阳能电池板覆盖着旧屋顶。