Legal Illegal Manuel Herz Architects
2011-05-09 00:00
架构师提供的文本描述。20世纪70年代初,科隆巴扬塔尔社区制定了一项城市总体规划,自那时以来从未实施过。这是一个城市化的死胎;绝望和完全错误的尝试,以反应一个当时紧迫的城市问题:逃离城市。从六十年代初开始,年轻的家庭从市中心搬到郊区和城市周围的村庄,以实现他们对起义、繁荣的中产阶级的梦想。这个年轻家庭的梦想是每个城市的噩梦!考虑到各种选择,城市提出了一个奇怪的建议:为了防止更多的家庭迁入农村,农村必须进入城市。这条街道将被拓宽,完全独立的家庭住宅将在市中心社区建造类似郊区的建筑,并以官僚主义的方式表现出来,这可能是巴扬塔尔应该面对的最激进的愿景。有了这些新的规定,农村将迁入城市,这样家庭就不会再搬出城市了。没有一个例子,这个Bayenthal的开发计划是要应用的-尽管它仍然是有约束力的!这是一个卓越的“反投机者发展计划”。
Text description provided by the architects. In the beginning of the 1970s an urban masterplan was devised for Cologne neighborhood of Bayenthal, which has never been applied since then. It was a urbanistic stillborn; the desperate and utterly misdirected attempt to react to a then pressing urban problem: the exodus from the city. Since the early sixties young families moved out of inner city areas into the suburbs and the villages surrounding the cities in order to fulfill their dreams of that uprising prosperous middle class. This dream of young families was the nightmare of every city! Considering various options the city came up with a curious proposal: To prevent more families moving out into the countryside, the countryside has to come into the city. The streets to be widened, fully detached family houses to be constructed akin suburban fabric in an inner city neighborhood and represented in its bureaucratically method, it was possibly the most radical vision that Bayenthal should ever be faced with. With these new sets of regulations the rural was to move into the urban, so that the families would not move out of the city anymore. Not for a single instance, this development plan of Bayenthal was to be applied - even though it is still binding! It was an „anti-speculator-development-plan“ par excellence.
© Boris Becker
鲍里斯·贝克尔
这个5.50米宽、25米深的场地,结合所有规范、规则、消防条例、建筑法规、市政发展计划和地标建筑附近的建筑规则,形成了一个非常明确和明确的体积。形式遵循法律!这个起始位置构成了建筑物的第一个体积:透明(就像卡夫卡曾经说过的那样透明)和正交体积,从历史后退一米,从而对市政建筑的极限作出反应。在土地的后面部分,由于整个场地的全部建筑显然是不允许按照发展计划进行的,因此每一层的梯田都会造成体积的下降。它是建筑的适当体积,它是根据所有法律制定的,并受规则约束。“合法”一书。
The 5.50m wide and 25m deep site, in combination with all norms, rules, fire regulations, building laws, the municipal development plan and the rules of construction near landmark buildings“ result in a very clearly defined and non-ambiguous volume. Form follows Law! This starting position forms the first volume of the building: a transparent (as transparent as the law, as Kafka once said) and orthogonal volume, stepping back from history by a meter, and thereby reacting to the municipal building limit. In the back part of the site, as a full construction covering the whole site is obviously not allowed according to the development plan, a stepping down of the volume is created by terraces on each level. It is the proper volume of the building, which is formulated according to all laws and binds itself to the rules. The „legal“ volume.
© Boris Becker
鲍里斯·贝克尔
第二卷是违抗卷。在一个被规则控制和扼杀的地方,有多少规则可以被忽视?整个建筑面积不允许存在,因为它的整个建筑面积超过了城市总体规划允许的最大面积。因此,体积本身是非法的。它的每一个平面上的体积抛出一个“阴影区”到邻近的地点,这是德国的规划法律禁止的。防火规定被忽视或只是间接遵守,体积的主要部分穿过市政建筑线,突出在大门的历史纪念碑之上,进入街道。没有一堵外墙是垂直直立的,墙、顶、楼的区别,是建筑中建筑要素的主要范畴。由于不尊重德国建筑法规,特别是该网站的法律法规,这是“非法”数量。
The second volume is the defiant volume. How many rules can be disregarded in a place dominated and strangled by rules? The volume as a whole is not allowed to exist at all, as its complete floor area exceeds the maximum area permitted in the urban masterplan. Hence, the volume in itself is illegal. Every single surface of its faceted volume throws a „shadow-area“ onto the neighboring sites, forbidden by German planning law. Fire-regulations are disregarded or only adhered to indirectly and the main mass of the volume crosses the municipal building line, projecting over the historical monument of the gate, into the street. Not a single exterior wall is standing perpendicular upright and the differentiation between wall, roof and floor, the main categories of building elements in architecture, is dissolved. Being disrespectful to the German building code and the laws and regulations of that site in particular, it is the „illegal“ volume.
section 02
section 02
花了两年时间与当地规划部门协商,才使这些计划获得批准。这座建筑违反了某些规则这一事实从未被掩盖。事实上,该项目的名称“合法/非法”已印在每一份提交的计划中。建筑师选择了一个非常直截了当的方法,即公开面对行政当局的离题,而不是掩盖规则偏差和试图利用法律漏洞的颠覆性做法。因此,该项目试图揭示规划条例过剩的荒谬之处,而不是绕道而行。因此,该项目还试图在一个被忽视的建筑工地上为居住和工作创造独特的空间。
It took two years of negotiation with the local planning administration to get the plans approved. The fact that the building violates certain rules was never hidden. In fact, the title of the project ‘Legal / Illegal’ was printed on every plan submitted. Instead of a subversive approach which hides deviations of rules and attempts to use loopholes in the law, a very blunt approach of openly confronting the administration with the digressions was chosen by the architect. The project thereby attempts to reveal the absurdities of the surplus of planning regulations rather than weaving its way around it. The project also thereby attempts to create unique spaces for living and working in a neglected building site.
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