总部设在宾夕法尼亚州伯利恒的伯利恒钢铁公司是工业革命中最强大的公司之一。在鼎盛时期，伯利恒钢铁公司是美国第二大钢铁生产商，也是世界上最大的造船公司之一，在这个城市的中心地带占据了近2000英亩的土地，并在数代人中雇佣了数千人。虽然伯利恒工厂在1995年关闭了其业务，但标志性的285英尺的高炉仍然屹立不倒.今天，这些历史遗迹占据着这个国家最大的私人拥有的棕榈田，现在它正被改造成一个充满活力、可持续和宜居的混合使用社区。

The Bethlehem Steel Corporation, based in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, was one of the most powerful companies of the Industrial Revolution. At its height, Bethlehem Steel was the second-largest steel producer in the United States and one of the largest shipbuilding companies in the world, occupying nearly 2000 acres in heart of the city and employing thousands of people over many generations. While the Bethlehem plant closed its operations in 1995, the iconic 285-foot blast furnaces still stand. Today, these historic ruins preside over the largest privately owned brownfield in the country, which is now being transformed into a dynamic, sustainable, and livable mixed-use community.

在具有历史意义的鼓风炉脚下锚定重建项目的是钢铁堆的ArtsQuest中心(ArtsQuest Center)。ArtsQuest中心是一个混合建筑：部分表演空间，展览场地，艺术电影院，教育中心和文化地标。它的68，000平方英尺的空间包括一个450个座位的现场音乐表演场地，一个两屏最先进的电影院，以及一些多功能表演和社区场地。这座建筑在城市核心地区创造充满活力的公共空间方面发挥着至关重要的作用，每年举办300多场现场表演，每天放映艺术电影，举办室内和室外音乐会，全年举办艺术节。

Anchoring the redevelopment at the foot of the historic blast furnaces is the ArtsQuest Center at SteelStacks. The ArtsQuest Center is a hybrid building: part performance space, exhibition venue, art cinema, education center, and cultural landmark. Its 68,000 square feet of space includes a 450-seat venue for live musical performance, a two-screen state-of-the-art cinema, and a number of multifunctional performance and community venues. The building plays a critical role in the creation of vibrant public space in the urban core, hosting over 300 live performances a year, daily art cinema screenings, indoor and outdoor concerts, and arts festivals throughout the year.

 exploded diagram

爆炸图

材料-过程-乘积

Material | Process | Product

艺术探索中心的建筑受到批判性区域主义原则的影响，因为它深受这个以前的工业遗址和这里生活的启发，包括物质和工艺，而不是抽象的概念。它既承认原材料，也承认共同推动工业革命的人类精神。这座建筑从现场更大的背景中汲取线索，用真实的材料来说明历史。它的玻璃和混凝土外部是定向的东西轴，与现在安静的伯利恒钢铁高炉面对面站立。这座建筑的体验完全体现在室内，空间让游客与标志性的鼓风炉有着亲密的视觉接触，作为室内活动的永久背景。

The architecture of the ArtsQuest Center is influenced by the principles of critical regionalism in that it is deeply inspired by this former industrial site and the lives that were lived here, embracing material and craft over abstract concept. It recognizes both the raw material and the human spirit that together fueled the industrial revolution. The building takes its cues from the site’s larger context, with authentic materials that speak to the history of place. Its glass and concrete exterior is oriented along an east-west axis to stand toe-to-toe with the now silent blast furnaces of Bethlehem Steel. The experience of the building is fully realized in the interior, where spaces bring visitors into intimate visual contact with the iconic blast furnaces as the permanent backdrop for activities within.

事实上，并列的短语“原始优雅”成为设计理念的缩写，它强调以人为中心的体验，允许与粗糙和生锈的自然状态联系和互动，作为一个历史遗址，同时也是一个充满活力的当代公共空间。其结果是一座建筑，既尊重和贡献真正独特和深刻的地方精神。

In fact, the juxtaposed phrase “raw elegance” became shorthand for the design concept, which emphasizes a human-centered experience that allows for the connection and interaction with the rough and rusty physicality of the brownfield as a historical site but also as a vibrant contemporary public space. The result is a building that both honors and contributes to the truly unique and profoundly meaningful spirit of place.

 Courtesy of spillman farmer architects

斯皮尔曼农民建筑师的礼遇

这座建筑是由当地制造的预制混凝土面板覆盖的，表面是粗糙的，用手压平的一面朝外，以庆祝它是如何制造的，也包括那些制造它的人。斑驳的颜色和不均匀的表面纹理，让人想起炼钢过程中的鳞片和残留物，将反映出阳光和季节的流逝。与之形成鲜明对比的是建筑的外部角落，它们在功能上与钢铁细节完美地结合在一起。就像周围的工业废墟一样，这座建筑将随着时间的丰富而逐渐老化，形成一种诚实的建筑。

The building is clad with locally manufactured pre-cast concrete panels mounted with the rough, hand-screed side facing outward to celebrate both the process of how it was made and those who made it. The mottled color and uneven surface texture, reminiscent of the scale and residue from the steelmaking process, will reflect the passage of the sun and the seasons. Contrasting this rawness are the building’s exterior corners, which are functionally and elegantly articulated with steel detail. Like the industrial ruins that surround it, the building will age and develop an honest patina with the enriching experience of time.

 Courtesy of spillman farmer architects

斯皮尔曼农民建筑师的礼遇

混凝土面板不仅用作表皮，而且也是混合结构体系的承重元件。此外，面板被用来对内部空间进行两部分分割，允许高度公开的表演和收集空间与服务核心隔开，服务核心容纳电影院、机械设备、厨房设备和其他后台功能。

The concrete panels serve not only as skin, but are also load-bearing elements contributing to a hybrid structural system. In addition, the panels were used to bi-part the interior volume, allowing for the highly public performance and gathering space to be acoustically isolated from the service core that houses the cinemas, mechanical equipment, kitchen equipment, and other back-of-house functions.

 Courtesy of spillman farmer architects

斯皮尔曼农民建筑师的礼遇

在这个混凝土“强箱”中插入了一个坚固的骨骼钢框架，它完成了混合结构，并尊重了现场的炼钢历史。这种钢被漆成国际橙色：金门大桥的颜色，这座桥是用伯利恒钢铁工地上的钢铁建造的。

Inserted within this concrete “strong box” is a robust skeletal steel frame that completes the hybrid structure and honors the steelmaking history of the site. The steel is painted international orange: the color of the Golden Gate Bridge which was constructed from steel made on the Bethlehem Steel site.

 Courtesy of spillman farmer architects

斯皮尔曼农民建筑师的礼遇

在这种混凝土和钢的混合结构中，内部程序元素作为精心布置的家具被连接起来。这些元素覆盖在宾州本土灰木中，一边染黑，一边留下自然的浅色。这种颜色和光线的整体效果让人想起了深色钢制炉子，其内部内衬着浅色耐火砖。自然完成的灰烬温暖了内部，提高了用户体验，因为一个人循环通过建筑物。内部木材细节是编织，揭示了材料的厚度。

Within this hybrid concrete and steel structure, interior program elements are articulated as carefully placed furnishings. These elements are clad in native Pennsylvania Ash wood, stained dark on one side and left a natural light color on the other. The overall effect of this color and light play evokes the dark steel furnaces whose interiors are lined with light colored firebrick. The naturally finished ash warms the interiors and heightens user experience as one circulates through the building. Interior wood details are woven, revealing the material’s thickness.

 Courtesy of spillman farmer architects

斯皮尔曼农民建筑师的礼遇

人们还仔细地注意到了人类在水平和垂直移动卷中的经验。正门的标志是裹尸布，这是在现场的许多工业建筑上发现的一种乡土形式。类似于程序元素，裹尸布在外面被染成黑色，在里面留下了自然的颜色。游客通过裹尸布进入大楼，并经历了不断上升的天花板高度，直到一本高耸的两层楼的书被展示出来。这样，一个人通过建筑的通道就变成了一个被触觉丰富的发现之旅。

Careful attention has also been paid to the human experience of moving through the volume both horizontally and vertically. The main entrance is marked by a shroud, a vernacular form found on many of the industrial buildings on site. Similar to the program elements, the shroud is stained dark on the outside and left a natural color on the inside. Visitors enter through the shroud into the building and experience successively increasing ceiling heights until a soaring two-story volume is revealed. In this way, one’s passage through the building becomes a journey of discovery enriched by tactile experience.

 Courtesy of spillman farmer architects

斯皮尔曼农民建筑师的礼遇

宏伟的楼梯提供了一种同等的发现感和触觉。楼梯从地面上升起，在结构上和视觉上，在每一个拐弯处都会变得越来越轻。在第二层，楼梯呈圆形，其细节来自于环绕高炉上层的精致钢楼梯，并向钢铁工人在工厂垂直移动的经验表示敬意。

The grand stair provides an equivalent sense of discovery and tactility. The stair starts as a plinth rising up from the earth and becomes progressively lighter, structurally and visually, at each turn. At the second level the stair takes on circular form, a detail that draws from the delicate steel stairs that circle the upper levels of the blast furnaces and pays homage to the steelworker’s experience of moving vertically through the plant.

 Courtesy of spillman farmer architects

斯皮尔曼农民建筑师的礼遇

Architects Spillman Farmer Architects

Location Bethlehem, PA, USA

Category Visual Arts Center

Architect Spillman Farmer Architects

Steel Stacks Plaza Design Team Wallace Roberts & Todd / Artefact / L’Observatoire

Project Team Barry Pell, AIA, Managing Principal; Joseph N. Biondo, AIA, Design Principal; Michael Metzger, AIA, Project Architect; William Deegan, Senior Designer; Wayne Stitt, AIA; Christa Kraftician, AIA, LEED AP; Charles Shoemaker, AIA; Salvatore Verrastro, AIA, FCSI; Brian Brandis, AIA; Joanne Titcomb IIDA; Deirdre Kwiatek PhD; Randy Galiotto; Patrick Ruggerio; Sierra Krause; Joseph Balsamo; Clint Newton; Deborah Innis; Mark Piell; Elliot Nolter; Chris Connors; Mike Savage.

Area 68000.0 ft2

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