AD Classics Chandigarh Secretariat Le Corbusier
2011-09-26 00:00
架构师提供的文本描述。这个广告经典是与约翰·里佐合作完成的。
Text description provided by the architects. This AD Classic was done in collaboration with John Rizor.
勒·柯布西耶接替阿尔伯特·梅耶(Albert Mayer),为喜马拉雅山山麓的昌迪加尔(Chandigarh)制定了一份计划,该计划在本质上符合国际建筑学会(CIAM)的现代城市规划原则,包括城市功能的划分、拟人化的平面图形式以及道路和行人网络的等级结构,秘书处大楼是国会大厦内最大的建筑,是旁遮普省和哈里亚纳邦政府的总部。
Taking over from Albert Mayer, Le Corbusier produced a plan for Chandigarh on the foothills of the Himalayas that conformed to the modern city planning principles of Congrès International d'Architecture Moderne (CIAM), in terms of division of urban function, an anthropomorphic plan form, and a hierarchy of road and pedestrian networks, Inherently, the Secretariat building is the largest edifice in the Capitol Complex and is the headquarters of both the Punjab and Haryana governments.
勒·柯布西耶关于国会大厦的计划包括四座建筑物(或“大厦”)和六座纪念碑,这些建筑和纪念碑排列在一个地点上,松散地概念化为三个相互连接的广场。这四座建筑物中只有三座曾经实现过(高等法院、立法议会和秘书处),旨在体现民主的主要功能-第四座建筑-总督宫-从未建造过。
Le Corbusier’s plan for the capitol consisted of four buildings (or “edifices”) and six monuments arranged on a single site, loosely conceptualized as three interlocking squares. Only three of these four buildings were ever realized (the High Court, the Legislative Assembly, and the Secretariat) and were designed to represent the major functions of democracy the fourth building, the Governor’s Palace, was never built.
秘书处大楼是一个长的,水平的混凝土板形式,254米长,42米高,标志着国会大厦左侧的边缘。
The Secretariat building is a long, horizontal concrete slab form, 254 meters long and 42 meters high, and marks the edge of the Capitol Complex on the left side.
这座建筑由六座八层楼高的建筑块组成,分作膨胀节,长度超过800英尺,书页由两座雕塑坡道组成,在所有设施的各个层次上提供垂直循环。秘书处大楼于1952年建成,作为旁遮普省和哈里亚纳邦市政府的总部,是柯布西耶三栋已完工行政大楼中最大的一座。大型水平综合体由8层粗浇混凝土组成.
The building is composed of six eight-story block divided by expansion joints and measures over 800 feet long, bookended by two sculptural ramps providing vertical circulation throughout the facilities’ levels.. Completed in 1952, the Secretariat building functions as the headquarters of the Punjab and Haryana municipal governments and is the largest of Corbusier’s three completed administrative buildings. The massive, horizontal complex is comprised of 8 stories of rough-cast concrete.
这座建筑与柯布西耶的马赛街区有着显著的相似之处,并有一个同样崇高的目标:彻底改变现代办公大楼。秘书处是首批设计为“健康建筑”的建筑物之一,对自然照明、通风和组织效率给予了认真的关注。
The building has notable similarities with Corbusier’s Marseille block and had an equally lofty goal: to revolutionize the modern office building. The Secretariat was among the first buildings designed as a “healthy building” with careful attention paid to natural lighting, ventilation, and organizational efficiency.
整个结构是在‘Beton畜生’(粗铸混凝土)与柯布西耶的签名‘砖-鞋底’正面。超过800英尺长,广泛的正面建筑提供了一个雕塑美学与暴露混凝土坡道,刺穿小正方形的窗户,支配着正面和后方的看法。因此,秘书处大楼避免因其体积庞大而使整个国会大厦黯然失色。相反,它在综合体中起着统一的作用,这是它的行政职能的象征。
The whole structure is constructed in 'beton brut' (rough-cast concrete) with Corbusier's signature 'brise-soleils' facade. Over 800 feet long, the extensive facade of the building gives a sculptural aesthetic with exposed concrete ramps, punctured with small square windows dictating the front and rear views. Accordingly, the Secretariat building avoids overshadowing the Capitol as a whole with its bulk size. Instead, it plays a unifying role in the complex, which is symbolic of its administrative function.
自助餐厅位于露台之上,人们可以在那里看到城市的壮观景色。同样地,屋顶花园和它的长廊与周围的景观相映成趣,随着观察者的视角的变化,周围的景观也在不断地变化。
The cafeteria rests atop the terrace, where one can have a spectacular view of the city. Similarly, the roof garden and its promenade set against the surrounding landscape, which constantly changes as the observer's angle of vision changes.
为了最大限度地利用自然照明和增加交叉通风,柯布西耶实施了一项长期而狭窄的计划,这一方法还有助于划定整个国会大厦的实际和隐含边界。为了在视觉上缩小其巨大外观的规模,秘书处的设计采用模块化的立面,将立面设计成可读的方案要素。这种方法不仅防止旁观者被其规模所淹没,而且对于整个项目的采光方案也发挥着重要作用。
To maximize natural lighting and increase cross-ventilation, a long and narrow plan was implemented by Corbusier , this approach also helped delineate both the actual and the implied borders of the capitol complex as a whole. To visually reduce the scale of its massive facade, the Secretariat was designed with a modular façade that fragments the elevation into legible, programmatic elements. This approach not only prevents onlookers from being overwhelmed by its scale, it also plays an important role with regard to the daylighting scheme of the project as a whole.
各种投影,凹槽,环流元素,和多层次的室内空间,作为太阳休息(‘brise-soleils’),以减少太阳增益。
The various projections, recesses, circulation elements, and multi-level interior spaces act as sun-breaks ('brise-soleils') to mitigate solar gain.
秘书处是一种更简单和更传统的形式,其结构和内部分布的变化不会中断其紧凑的体积,而是在非常精细的‘砖形鞋底’设计中以二维方式再现。
The Secretariat is a simpler and more conventional form where variations of structure and internal distribution do not interrupt its compact volume, but are reproduced two-dimensionally in the very elaborate design of the 'brise soleils'.
秘书处和Vidhan Sabha(立法议会)大楼位于建筑群的第1区。附近是一个巨大的开放手雕塑,作为单位的象征和彩色的高等法院,它有一个双重屋顶,提供遮挡太阳。
The Secretariat and the Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) building are in Sector 1 of the complex. Nearby in the sector is a huge open hand sculpture, conceived as a symbol of unit and the colorful High Court, which has a double roof, providing protection from the sun.
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