架构师提供的文本描述。巴尔夫隆大厦由建筑师埃尔诺金手指是一个标志性的布鲁塔高层住宅，位于伦敦的东部杨树区。

Text description provided by the architects. The Balfron Tower by architect Erno Goldfinger is an iconic Brutalist residential high rise located in London’s eastside Poplar borough.

这个社会住宅区于1963年为伦敦县议会设计，1967年由大伦敦议会完成，打破了典型住宅建筑的传统。金手指被认为是向郊区扩张的解决方案，它把垂直性作为治疗方法。

Designed in 1963 for the London County Council and completed in 1967 by the Greater London Council, this social housing estate broke the traditions of typical residential architecture. Conceived as a solution to sprawling suburbia, Goldfinger embraced verticality as the cure.

巴夫隆大厦高84米，使它的近邻卡拉代尔大厦和格伦克里大厦相形见绌，它们都是金手指设计的布朗菲尔德庄园的一部分。金手指从塔式建筑的典型先入之见发生了剧烈的转变，将服务与住宿分开，将塔一分为二。入口是通过一座混凝土桥进入细长的服务塔的主大厅。

Rising to 84 meters in height, the Balfron Tower dwarfs its immediate neighbors – the Carradale House, and the Glenkerry House – all forming part of the Brownfield Estates also designed by Goldfinger. In a drastic shift from the typical preconception of tower architecture, Goldfinger separated the services from the accommodation by splitting the tower in two. Entry is gained via a concrete bridge that opens into the main lobby of the slender service tower. 

 © Danny Robinson

丹尼·鲁滨逊

内部核心设有电梯和楼梯，此外还有洗衣和废物处理槽等实用功能。一个薄薄的窗户模式打破了整体混凝土外部，并提供充足的采光进入室内。位于服务塔顶部的锅炉房从主立面轻轻伸出。这有助于减少对水泵的需求，因为水可以通过重力流向公寓。

The internal core houses the lifts and staircases, in addition to the utility functions such as laundry, and waste disposal chutes. A pattern of thin windows breaks up the monolithic concrete exterior and provides ample daylighting into the interior. A boiler room located at the top of the service tower cantilevers out slightly from the main façade. This served to reduce the need for pumps as water could flow down to the flats by gravity.

金手指最独特的设计选择之一是塔楼住宅部分的布局。该单位由一百三十六个单位及十名小律师组成，每三楼主要入场一层，并以桥梁接驳至服务站。一旦进入公寓，内部楼梯引导住客上下进入单位的下一卷。这一决定开辟了公共走廊上下的楼层，使大楼的宽度达到全长。为了确定他的非常规设计的成功与否，金手指在1968年搬到130单元住了两个月，在那里他为其他居民举办了许多派对。

One of the most unique design choices made by Goldfinger was the layout of the residential portion of the tower. Consisting of 136 flats and 10 maisonettes, the main entries to the flats are located on every third floor, which are connected to the service tower by bridges. Once inside the flat, an internal stairway directs occupants up or down into the next volume of the flat. This decision opened up the floors above and below the public corridors to run the full width of the building. In order to determine the successfulness of his unconventional design, Goldfinger moved into unit 130 for two months in 1968, where he hosted numerous parties for fellow residents. 

他吸取的教训和他从居民那里收集到的意见之后，他将申请特雷利克塔-一个更大的孪生巴夫隆塔。

The lessons he learned and the opinions he gleaned from the residents, he would later apply to the Trellick Tower – a much larger twin of the Balfron Tower.

外部的美学是由一个暴露的混凝土结构来定义的，它将塔的垂直性与框架阳台和窗户的水平带并列起来。面对圣莱昂纳德路的西面，每一套公寓都有阳台。在中点，被立方体悬臂式阳台刺穿的凹窗打破了主要阳台类型的节奏。东立面没有阳台，但贯穿整个建筑面的桥梁的水平语言仍在继续。

The aesthetics of the exterior are defined by an exposed concrete structure that juxtaposes the verticality of the tower with horizontal bands that frame balconies and windows. The west façade facing St. Leonard’s Road is characterized by balconies for every flat. At the midpoint, recessed windows punctured by cubic cantilevered balconies break up the rhythm of the primary balcony typology. The east facade is absent of balconies, yet continues the horizontal language of the bridges across the whole building face. 

在公共走廊层的牧师窗口提供了一个简单的对比，住宅层的正上方和下方，其中有更大的窗户。因此，在每层楼的功能变得容易理解，通过使用的美学语言在外观。

Clerestory windows at the public corridor levels offer a simple contrast to the residential floors immediately above and below which feature larger windows. Thus, the functions located on each floor become easily decipherable through the aesthetic language employed on the façade.

作为其标志性地位的证明，巴夫隆大厦于1996年被指定为二级*上市建筑。它的兄弟姐妹特雷利克塔后来也会得到同样的称号。28天后，它也出现在英国恐怖片中。金手指对非典型性住宅区建筑的尝试，产生了欧洲布鲁塔主义运动中最耐人寻味的建筑之一。

As testament to its iconic status, the Balfron Tower was designated as a Grade II* listed building in 1996. Its older sibling, the Trellick Tower would later receive the same designation. It was also featured in the British horror film 28 Days Later. Goldfinger’s foray into atypical residential block architecture produced some of the most intriguing buildings of the Brutalist movement in Europe.