Cais das Artes Paulo Mendes da Rocha + Metro Arquitetos Associados
2011-12-23 00:00
在这个地方,大自然和建筑之间令人震惊的对抗,表明了建筑在空中的悬空,解开了景观、海洋景观和码头工程的视觉效果。
The astounding confrontation between nature and construction, in this place, suggests the suspension of the buildings in the air, untangling the visuals for the landscape and the spectacle of the sea and dock`s works.
Courtesy of Paulo Mendes da Rocha
Paul Mendes da Rocha提供
独特的定位使博物馆的展区之间的流通发生在建筑物的南面,通过透明的坡道,可以看到维拉韦拉的海洋、船只和山脉。
The exceptional orientation allows the circulation between the exhibition areas of the Museum to happen in the external south side of the building, through crystal clear ramps with a view for the ocean, the ships and the mountains in Vila Velha.
大道和码头墙之间的广阔平原将免费进入,并以公众为目的地,供展览、咖啡馆、书店和露天展览之用。
The great plain field between the avenue and the pier wall shall be free for access and destined to the public, for shows, cafés, bookstores, open-air exhibitions.
博物馆须有通往广场的宽阔开口,不受阳光直接照射。光线反射在地板上,可以看到广场上发生的事件。
The Museum shall have wide openings to the square, without direct incidence of sunlight. The light is reflected on the floor and there is a view for the events that take place in the square.
在剧场中,不适宜在海平面以下施工的土壤,有必要提高舞台和观众座位的水平,以容纳后台和配套设备。
In the Theater, the inappropriate soil for construction below the sea level, it was necessary to raise the level of the stage and the audience seats, in order to accommodate the backstage and support equipment.
Courtesy of Paulo Mendes da Rocha
Paul Mendes da Rocha提供
该建筑由一座博物馆和一个剧院组成,可举办大规模的艺术活动,为维托里亚港的Cais das Artes(艺术码头)设计的建筑群,其主要特点是重视城市的景观和历史环境。该项目位于苏亚湾,在一大片平地上,在Vitória岛的运河前,是对这一领土的一种恭维,它建立在自然和建筑之间令人震惊的对抗之上,在这座城市里,由于港口的存在和码头上不断而精力充沛的工作,这座城市每天都很兴奋。
Composed by a Museum and a Theater equipped to host large scale art events, the architectural set designed for Cais das Artes (Quay of Arts), in Vitória, has as a main characteristic valuing the landscape and the historical surroundings of the city. Located on the Suá Bay, in a large plain field leveled with earth, in front of the canal that configures the island of Vitória, the project is a compliment to this territory, built on the astounding confrontation between nature and construction, in a city that is everyday excited due to the presence of the port and to the constant and energetic work done in the docks.
Courtesy of Paulo Mendes da Rocha
Paul Mendes da Rocha提供
这样的评价意味着决定将平地设置为一个开放的广场,供整个城市享用:靠近海洋的公共空间。此外,这意味着决定暂停建筑物,以使整个景观从广场到周围。也就是说,不仅是海洋中正在进行的工作,与港口相连,而且与城市的自然和建筑遗产,特别是Vila Velha的山脉和位于运河对面的Penha ConVENT,在项目现场前面。因此,这是一种以城市为导向的建筑行动,从历史和地理的角度调整到对现在的期望,同时也表明了一个博物馆的概念,一种将艺术和科学结合起来的努力,在一个综合的视角下。
Such valuing means the decision of configuring the plain field as an open square for the entire city to enjoy: a public space next to the ocean. Furthermore, this implies on a decision to suspend the buildings as to allow the complete view from the square to the surroundings. That is, not only to the dynamic spectacle that is the work being done in the sea, connected to the port, but also to the natural and architectural patrimony of the city, specially the mountains in Vila Velha and the Penha Convent, located across the canal, in front of the project site. Therefore, this is an urban-oriented architectural action, in the sense of adjusting history and geography to a desired view of the present, indicating at the same time a museological conception, an effort to combine art and science, under an integrated perspective.
加上咖啡馆、书店和可以举办戏剧表演和露天展览的空间等设施,新广场将成为城市文化生活的一个吸引人的地方。这个地方,由于其固有的空间特征,允许公众从特权的角度展示这一压倒性的景观。
Counting with facilities such as cafés, bookstores and spaces that can host theatrical shows and open-air exhibitions, the new square shall be an attraction of the city’s cultural life. A place that, for its inherent spatial characteristics, allows the public to unveil the overwhelming landscape from a privileged standpoint.
Location Plan
在参观博物馆的过程中,这一效果将得到更大的放大,而坡道的垂直循环则提供了晶莹剔透的平台,为欣赏自然环境创造了门廊。此类平台应以突如其来的水平建造。另一方面,这套设备将成为Vitória湾景观中的一种新的视觉参照,可以从几个角度或更老的角度来欣赏,例如位于Vila Velha的Penha山顶部的ConVENT。
This effect shall be amplified even more during the Museum visiting course, whereas the vertical circulation through ramps provides crystal clear platforms that create porches for the appreciation of the natural surroundings. Such platforms shall be built at sudden levels. On the other hand, the set shall constitute a new visual reference in the landscape of the Vitória Bay, which can be appreciated from several standpoints or older belvederes, such as the Convent, located on the top of the Penha Mountain, in Vila Velha.
Courtesy of Paulo Mendes da Rocha
Paul Mendes da Rocha提供
卡伊斯达斯艺术馆有一个气候宜人的博物馆,占地3,000平方米,可容纳1,300名观众,可供多种用途,其目的是为维托里亚市提供必要的设备,以接收重要的艺术眼镜,使该镇成为具有国家重要性的文化主办城市。该空间旨在将城市纳入巡回活动(音乐会、戏剧表演、舞蹈表演和艺术展览)的路线,这些活动通过巴西各大首都,举办大型活动、节日,甚至是以家庭为基础的舞蹈和音乐公司。
With a climatized Museum counting with a 3,000 square meter exhibition area and a Theater with capacity for 1,300 spectators, prepared for multiple uses, the Cais das Artes set aims at providing the city of Vitória with the necessary apparatus to receive major artistic spectacles, qualifying the town as a cultural host of national importance. The space is an attempt to include the city in the route of itinerant events (music concerts, dramatic plays, dance shows and art exhibitions) that travel through the great Brazilian capitals, to host great events, festivals, or even home based dance and music companies.
在空间上,这套建筑整合了一个城市扩展区,从公共和私人项目中获得了大量投资,现在它为新的和大规模的设备提供了住所。该地区还一直有行政大楼、法院、购物中心和住宅大楼。它显然是一个城市经济和文化发展的战略区域。
Spatially, the architectural set integrates an urban expansion area that has been receiving significant investments, both from public and private initiatives, and now it shelters new and large scale equipment. The region has also been hosting administrative buildings, courthouses, shopping malls and residential buildings. It is clearly a strategic region for the economic and cultural development of the city.
也正因为如此,考虑到这种进程给正在发展中的城市的自然和建筑遗产带来的风险,必须进行堪称楷模的干预。该项目意识到这一趋势,试图约束城市在岸上的占领,揭示其本身的物质构成过程:在堤坝、石场、码头墙、运河和港口的存在等方面所采用的技术。同时,从体积的角度来看,这种方法采用的方法是寻找光的能力,不仅能够保持周围环境的视觉完整性,而且主要是以雄辩的方式评价景观。这个项目不仅仅是建造自参式建筑,它还定义了一个新的领域:维托里亚湾本身,由于其自然的伟大,它既是一个自然的,也是人造的,历史的和当代的。
It is also for that reason that an exemplary intervention is so necessary, considering the risks that such processes bring to the natural and constructed patrimony of a city under development. Conscious of that trend, the project tries to discipline the urban occupation on the shore, bringing light on its own processes of material constitution: the technique applied in the embankment, the stone pitching, the dock walls, the existence of the canal and the port and so forth. At the same time, from the volumetric point of view, the approach adopted searches for lightness capable of not only preserve the visual integrity of the surroundings, but mainly to value the landscape in an eloquent manner. More than constructing self-reference buildings, the project defines a new territory: the Vitória Bay itself, with its natural greatness, as a place that is simultaneously natural and artificial, historical and contemporary.
博物馆建筑由两根平行预应力钢筋混凝土组成的大梁构成,它们高7米,每个支撑点只有3个,间距为20米。主梁之间是位于大厅,标准宽度为20米和不同的长度,分布在三个主要层次。这些大厅是开放的,它们通过倾斜的窗框彼此之间和与广场进行视觉交流,这些窗框允许在地板上反射间接光,但从不直接入射阳光。这些大厅主要用于展览。该计划的其余部分集中在一座塔上,塔长22米x22米,高23米,通过桥梁连接到主体积。
The Museum building is configured by two great beams made of parallel pre-stressed reinforced concrete that are 7 meters high, with only three points of support each, with 20 meters of distance between them. Between the main beams are located the halls, with a standard width of 20 meters and different lengths, distributed in three main levels. These halls are open and they communicate visually to each other and to the square, through inclined window sashes that allow the entrance of indirect light reflected on the floor, but never with direct incidence of sunlight. These halls are primarily destined to exhibitions. The rest of the Program is concentrated in an annexed tower, which measures 22m x 22m and is 23m high, connected to the main volume through bridges.
剧院有两个横向展厅,宽度10米,环绕着整个大楼的延伸部分,即69米长,供公众、艺术家、技术人员使用,可以进入更衣室、技术和设备室。在30米宽的画廊之间,有观众、阳台、舞台和过道。
The theater counts on two lateral galleries, with 10m of width, around the entire building extension, that is 69m long, that provides the circulation of public, artists, technicians, giving access to the dressing rooms and to technical and equipment rooms. Between the galleries, with 30 meters span, there are the Audience, the Balconies, the Stage and the Aisles.
Section 01
Section 01
就像博物馆一样,剧院也被暂停了,只有舞台下的技术区域和餐厅是以地面为基础的。这家餐厅向运河附近的人行道开放,这条运河被剧院建筑所覆盖,在海上有着极端的柱子,距离领土界限五米远。这一技术选择是有道理的,因为海底和陆地上的地面是相似的,只要这是最近进行的水力路堤。
Just like the Museum, the theater is also suspended and only the technical areas under the stage and the restaurant are based on the ground. The restaurant opens to a sidewalk close to the canal, covered by the theater building, that has the extremity pillars on the sea, five meters distant from the territory limit. This technical option is justified by the similarity between the ground under the sea and on land, provided this is a recently performed hydraulic embankment.
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