AD Classics Jyvaskyla University Alvar Aalto
2012-02-01 00:00
架构师提供的文本描述。在1951年5月底参加了Jyvaskyla教育学研究所的总体规划竞赛之后,Alvar Aalto立即受托着手拟订在现有建筑群中增加的每一幢建筑物的计划。他的参赛作品“Urbs”获得了一等奖,这让人想起了他以前的一些项目。由建筑物形成的U型结构构成了开放的中心空间,在那里可以步行到达运动场。
Text description provided by the architects. After entering a general planning competition at the end of May 1951 for the Jyvaskyla Institute of Pedagogics, Alvar Aalto was immediately commissioned to begin working on the plans of each of the individual buildings that were to be added amidst existing complex. He was awarded first prize with his entry 'Urbs', which is reminiscent of some of his previous projects. The U pattern formed by the buildings frames the open center space, where a sports field is accessible by foot.
教师培训学院的建设始于1953年,建在靠近市中心的松树脊上。阿尔托以把美丽的自然景观融入他的建筑而闻名,他设计了一座建筑综合体,在他的童年生活和在类似的环境中上学之后,他发现地形的变化是他所熟悉的。
Construction of the training college for teachers began in 1953, in a ridge of pine trees close to the center of town. Known for the incorporation of beautiful views of nature in his architecture, Aalto designed a complex of buildings atop the varied terrain which he found familiar after spending his childhood and schooling in a similar environment.
Courtesy of alvar aalto architects
主建筑包括一个扇形礼堂,一个三层楼的长方形机翼,里面满是教室,还有一个实验室的机翼,所有这些都是由一个大厅连接起来的,大厅里有一个威尼斯人启发的楼梯。
The main building is comprised of a fan-shaped auditorium, a three-story rectangular wing filled with classrooms, and a wing for the laboratory, all of which are connected by a hall containing a Venetian inspired staircase.
阿尔托强调的物质性和白色墙壁与木材,砖块和玻璃的结合是从根本上存在于所有这些建筑,特别是主楼。建筑内部的自然景观也是如此;AALTO使用高玻璃,几乎无缝地将内部与周围环境融合在一起。
Aalto's emphasis on materiality and the combination of white walls with wood, brick and glass is fundamentally present in all of these buildings, particularly the main building. Also ephasized are the views of nature from inside the building; Aalto uses high glass panes to almost seamlessly blend together the interior with the surrounding environment.
Jyvaskyla大学图书馆是在获奖作品中设计的众多建筑之一。这成为阿尔托非常热衷的现有景观的一部分,早期的校园建于19世纪90年代的教学园和植物园中间。图书馆有两层楼高,屋顶平坦,几乎完全没有窗户。这使得光线只能从长长的牧师窗口和沿着屋顶的六个桶形天窗进来。
The Jyvaskyla University Library was one of the many buildings Aalto designed in the winning competition entry. These become part of the existing landscape that Aalto was very keen on including; the earlier campus was built in the middle of the teaching garden and arboretum of the 1890s. The library is two stories high with a flat roof, almost completely windowless. This allowed light to only come in through the long clerestory windows and six barrel skylights along the top of the roof.
就像他在梅雷亚别墅的设计中所做的那样,Aalto对带有曲线的刚体和长方形的二分法非常感兴趣,就像在一些室内照片中可以看到的那样。另一个经典的Aalto特色是楼梯井,它被一群松树所包围,在周围的环境中,它就像一棵树木茂密的福雷斯特(Forrest)。
As he would also do in the designing of Villa Mairea, Aalto is very interested in the dichotomy of rigid and rectangular with curvilinear, as can be seen in some of the interior photographs. Another classic Aalto feature is the stairwell, which is enclosed by a gathering of pine that closely resembles a deeply wooded forrest in the surrounding context.
Alvar Aalto设计的校园建筑清单包括职员宿舍(现为Jvaskyla大学博物馆)、学生宿舍1952-54(现为语文系)、Lozy和Lyhty工作人员和学生食堂、1954-56号主楼、1954-58号游泳池、1971年体育大楼、1957年图书馆。最初是为教师培训而建的,1966年,教育学院成为一所大学。
A list of the buildings in the campus area designed by Alvar Aalto include the Staff housing (now the Jvaskyla University Museum), Student's Hall of Residence 1952-54 (now the languages department), Lozzy and Lyhty staff and student refectories, Main Building 1954-56, Swimming Pool 1954-58, Physical Education building 1971, Library 1957. Initially built for teacher training, the college of education became a university in 1966.
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