© Paul Tierney

保罗·蒂尔尼

都柏林东南部的UCD Belfield校区白天有大约20，000名学生和5，000名教职员工。目前约有2，500名学生在校园内居住，并打算在今后几年内增加到5，000人。住宅被划分为“学生村”，这个项目是发展中的Roebuck村的一部分，以Roebuck城堡为中心，这是一个可以追溯到c的历史结构。1200，虽然大部分是在19世纪重建的。

The UCD Belfield Campus in south-east Dublin has a daytime population of about 20,000 students and 5,000 staff. At present there are on-campus student residences for approximately 2,500 students, and it is intended to increase this to 5,000 over the coming years. The residences are grouped into defined ‘student villages’, and this project is part of the developing Roebuck Village, centred on Roebuck Castle, an historic structure dating back to c. 1200, though largely rebuilt in the 19th Century.

 © Paul Tierney

保罗·蒂尔尼

这座建筑是罗巴克村的第二阶段，第一阶段是罗巴克厅，由卡瓦纳赫·图伊特建筑师于2006年完成。当设计于2008年开始在罗巴克城堡住宅，在建立与UCD的简要，它决定提高标准，并以一个模范的“绿色”项目为目标。随后采用被动屋作为参考标准，该项目获得了被动式房屋认证，并获得了2011年“年度最佳可持续项目”RIAI(爱尔兰皇家建筑师协会)奖。

This building is the second stage of Roebuck Village, the first stage being Roebuck Hall, completed by Kavanagh Tuite Architects in 2006. When design started on Roebuck Castle residence in 2008, in establishing the brief with UCD it was decided to raise the bar, and aim for an exemplary ‘green’ project. Passive House was subsequently adopted as the reference standard, and the project has attained Passive House Certification, as well as receiving the RIAI (Royal Institute of Architects of Ireland) 2011 Award for the “Best Sustainable Project of the Year”.

项目

The project

 © Paul Tierney

保罗·蒂尔尼

典型的平面图，用于“住宅”风格的住宿，包括成套学生房和小厨房，脊柱走廊两侧的起居室和自习室，中央电梯和楼梯核心两侧的两套“公寓”。

The typical floor plan, for “hall of residence” style accommodation, contains en-suite student rooms and kitchenette, living and study rooms on either side of a spine corridor, arranged in two ‘apartments’ on either side of a central lift and stair core.

 © Kavanagh Tuite

(Kavanagh Tuite)

这一基本的简单的计划形式是分开的，围绕着中央核心，在地面一级，主要入口和自助餐厅面对着一条走道穿过建筑物，提供了一个连接之前和未来阶段的罗布克学生村。二次逃生楼梯在建筑物的每一端表示，再次阐明简单紧凑的建筑形式。屋顶厂房，包括中央设备(热回收通风、储水罐和其他设备)在绝缘建筑体积的外部，但表示为中央电梯和楼梯核心的垂直延伸。

This basic simple plan form is off-set and articulated around the central core, where at ground level the main entrance and cafeteria face onto a walkway through the building, providing a link with previous and future stages of the Roebuck student village. Secondary escape stairs at each end of the building are expressed, again articulating the simple compact building form. The roof-top plant room housing, containing the central plant (heat recovery ventilation, water storage tanks and other plant) is external to the insulated building volume, but is expressed as a vertical extension of the central lift and stair core.

 © Kavanagh Tuite

(Kavanagh Tuite)

该建筑采用GGBS混凝土交叉墙、楼梯芯和地板结构，所有学生房间均采用轻质金属框架外墙板。统一的面板创造了一个密闭的立面(点固定在板条边缘，以达到最低限度的冷桥接)，并与木框架幕墙外墙的三层核心体积，提供大的密封元件，然后容易空气密封的基本混凝土结构与三元乙丙橡胶薄膜。这一策略在很大程度上是“设计出来的”空气密封项目的问题。

The building is of GGBS concrete cross-wall, stair core and floor structure, with lightweight unitised metal framed external wall panels to all the student rooms. The unitised panels create an airtight façade (point fixed to the slab edges for minimum cold bridging), and together with wood-framed curtain wall façades to the three stair core volumes, provide large sealed elements that are then easily air-sealed to the basic concrete structure with EPDM membranes. This strategy largely ‘designed-out’ problems of air sealing the project.

学生室有被动式房屋认证的三重玻璃窗(单位值0.8W/m2k)。他们是开放的，但有一个联锁控制，关闭本地房间加热电路时，窗口被打开。

The student rooms have passive house certified triple-glazed windows (U-value 0.8 W/m2K). They are openable, but have an interlock control, closing the local room heating circuit when the window is opened.

走廊和楼梯芯不加热，并用木框架，高性能双层玻璃幕墙(U值1.2W/m2K)釉。

The corridors and stair cores are not heated, and are glazed with wood-framed, high-performance double-glazed curtain walls (U-value 1.2 W/m2K).

所有混凝土墙的外部绝缘130毫米箔面和带PIR板，并覆盖在欧洲地板雨屏支持系统上的特雷斯帕流星板。这个相同的覆层系统运行在所有单一的轻质墙板上，给所有人一个统一的外观。包层有限的泥土颜色，与相邻的建筑物和自然环境有关，有助于给建筑提供一个可以理解和人性化的尺度。

All concrete walls are insulated externally with 130mm foil-faced and taped PIR boards, and clad with the TrespaMeteon boards on Eurofoxrainscreen support system. This same cladding system runs over all the unitised light-weight wall panels, giving a uniform external appearance to all. The cladding has a limited number of earthy colours, relating to adjacent buildings and the natural context, helping to give the building an understandable and human scale.

该项目广泛使用可再生或再生材料，如乙酸改性木材(Accoya)、再生高粱刨花板(Kirei板)、水基涂料、油毡地板饰面(Marmoleum)和GGBS(磨碎的高炉炉渣)水泥基混凝土。

The project makes extensive use of renewable or recycled materials, such as acetic-acid modified timber (Accoya), recycled sorghumstrand board (Kirei Board), water-based paints, linoleum floor finishes (Marmoleum), and GGBS (ground granulated blast furnace slag) cement based concrete.

通过两个中央屋顶顶部热轮空气处理装置提供热回收通风，并在邻近的罗巴克厅冷凝气体锅炉的备用容量提供供暖，在学生房间提供微型散热器。

Heat recovery ventilation is provided through two central roof top heat-wheel air handling units, and heating is provided from spare capacity in the adjacent Roebuck Hall condensing gas boilers, supplying mini-radiators in the student rooms.

家用热水(建筑中最大的热负荷)，部分(33%)由屋顶上的排水平板太阳能热水系统供应，满足当地20%的可再生能源需求。雨水是从建筑物屋顶收集的，用来冲厕所。

Domestic hot water (the largest heat load in the building), is partially (33%) supplied by a drain-back flat-plate solar water heating system on the roof, coveringa local20% renewable energy requirement. Rainwater is harvested from the building roofs, and used for toilet flushing.

完工后

Post-Completion

 rendering 2

翻译 2

完成后的调试和住户的审查，对实际系统和舒适性能的监测，对于我们学习和学习实际结果，以及发展我们的技能和专业知识是必不可少的。

Post-completion commissioning and occupants’ reviews, monitoring of actual systems and comfort performance are essential for us to study and learn from the actual results, and to develop our skills and expertise going forward.

为此，由爱尔兰可持续能源管理局(SEAI)资助的UCD能源研究小组已开始对大楼进行两年的监测和使用后评价方案。屋顶气象站提供全面的气候数据和监测设备，安装在大楼的16间教室中，提供室内温度、湿度和二氧化碳水平、电气使用和照明负荷的数据。它还记录了空间供暖和家用热水所需的总能量；来自MHRV和太阳能集热器的热流。UCDBuildingEnvironment Lab将对这些数据进行分析，以了解各个系统的实际节省情况，为进一步研究在爱尔兰实施Passivhaus标准的情况提供数据，并确保学生生活在一个舒适和健康的环境中。

In line with this, UCD Energy Research Group, funded by SEAI (Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland), has commenced a two year programme of monitoring and post occupancy evaluation of the building. A roof-top weather station provides full climatic data,andmonitoring equipment, installed in 16 student rooms in the building, provides data on indoor temperature, humidity and CO2levels, electrical use and lighting loads. It also records overall energy required for space heating and domestic hot water; heat flows from MHRV and solar collectors. The data will be analysed by UCDBuilding Environmental Lab to inform on actual savings from individual systems, provide data for further research in the application of the Passivhaus Standard in Ireland, and ensure that the students are residing in a comfortable and healthy environment.

Conclusions

我们已经到了这样一个阶段，即监管改革和不断上涨的运营能源成本都在大力推动更好、更环保的建筑设计标准。改进的建筑材料、元素和系统，以及发展专业知识和专门知识，使熟练的设计师有巨大的机会创造更好的建筑、更好的建筑：先进的环境性能和效率、功能、详细和好看的解决方案。

We have reached a stage where both regulatory changes and rising operational energy costs are giving a major ‘push’ towards better, “greener” building design standards. Improved building materials, elements and systems, and developing professional knowledge and expertise combine to give a huge opportunity for skilled designers to create better buildings, better architecture: advanced environmental performance and efficiency, functional, well detailed, and good looking solutions.

本项目表明，在示范高性能建筑施工的同时，可以实现优良的建筑设计.然而，从概念设计阶段到“设计中”的热性能，再到“设计出”热桥和气密性问题，这是必要的。这既是一个挑战，也是一个机遇，没有更多的捷径(不再有…)敬成功！

This project demonstrates that fine architectural design can be achieved together with exemplary high-performance building construction. It is necessary however, from the conceptual design stage, to ‘design-in’ thermal performance, and to ‘design-out’ thermal bridging and air-tightness problems. This is both a challenge and an opportunity, with no more shortcuts (any more…) to success!