架构师提供的文本描述。选择介质

Text description provided by the architects. Chosen Medium

表演需要观众和表演者。剧院需要一个与外界隔绝的表演，一个能容纳观众和表演者的密封盒。这个空间在戏剧界被称为黑匣子.在种族隔离压迫下的表演空间，索韦托在历史上是游牧的。由于没有专门的场馆，剧院都是临时的，暂时的，而且是被边缘化的：任何“盒子”都必须这样做。在没有正式的剧院空间的情况下，成功发展起来的是一种表演氛围-那种放松、容易接近和不让人畏惧的氛围，重点放在娱乐上：正是当时的现实生活和法规所需要的逃避，或暂缓。

Performance requires an audience and performers. Theatre requires performance with a disconnection from the outside world, a sealedbox to hold an audience and performers. This space is known as the black-box in the theatre world. Performance spaces in apartheid-oppressed Soweto were historically nomadic. With no dedicated venues-theatres were make-shift, temporary and sidelined: any ‘box’ would have to do. In the absence of a formal theatre space, what did manage to developwas a performance-atmosphere that was relaxed, accessible and unintimidating with the focus being on entertainment: precisely the desired escape, or reprieve, needed from thereality and regulations of the time.

Target Audience

约翰尼斯堡市确定了种族隔离后的索韦托一家公共剧院长期被过度利用的情况.一个正式的剧院空间及其专门设施将为索韦托的大批剧院观众提供服务，并为表演者充分展示他们的才华提供机会。虽然对这个空间的需要是显而易见的，但对这份简报的反应却是不可能的。仅仅提供通用的基础设施，而不检查现有的剧院-索韦托的文化(不管它以前是否由一个专门的空间正式化)，都不会满足这些社区对剧院应该是什么的期望，最终也不会是社区(特别是剧院所在的Jbulani、Soweto社区)所接受和感到可以使用和享受的空间。

Johannesburg City identified the long overdueneed for a public theatre in Soweto, post-apartheid. A formal theatre space with its specialised facilities would serve a large community of theatre goers in Soweto as well as provide the opportunity for performers to fully showcase their talent. Although the need for this spacewas obvious, the response to this brief couldn’t be. Simply providing generic infrastructure without examining the existing theatre-culture of Soweto (regardless of whether it was previously formalised by a dedicated space or not) would not respond to this communities’ expectations of what a theatre should be, and ultimately not be a space that the community (specifically the community of Jabulani, Soweto where the theatre is located) would embrace and feel was theirs to use and enjoy.

 elevations

那么，如何定义戏剧-一个没有戏剧的社区，拥有一个漫长、成熟和敏锐的戏剧文化？该建筑的概念需要允许最先进的设施，以适应索韦托戏剧性的梯队，同时保留精神的自由，使表演在索韦托如此诱人的第一位。一个新的品牌，全新的剧院需要发明。现有的戏剧类型学；单一的、不可逾越的、隐秘的群体与几乎不情愿的公开姿态(前门)将与索韦托的戏剧社区的民族精神背道而驰。

What would then define theatre-space for a theatre-less community with a long, matured and astute theatre-culture? The conceptfor the building needed to allow for state-of-the-art facilities fitting the dramatic echelon of Soweto whilst retaining the freedom of spirit that made performance in Soweto so enticing in the first place.A new-brand of brand-new theatre needed to be invented. The existing theatre typology; the monolithic, impenetrable, secretive-mass with one- almostreluctant- public-gesture (the front door) would go against the ethosof Soweto’s theatre community.

其意图是使社区神秘莫测，并引导他们进入这一急需的、但又是外国的设施。简陋的表演盒成了焦点，它将在大楼内外完全可见。由于“索韦托剧院简报”要求收集三个表演空间(分别为430、180和90个观众)，这三个空间分别被突出显示，并在建筑物外部得以识别。剧场建筑群的内部运作向外表现为景观中高度可见的信标，吸引着观众。

The intention was to demystify and beguile the community to this much needed, yet foreign facility. The humble performance -box became the focus;it was to be completely visible both inside and outside of the building. As the Soweto Theatre brief called for a collection of three performance spaces (seating 430, 180 and 90 patrons respectively), these three spaces were each highlighted and made identifiableon the building’s exterior. The inner workings of the theatre complex express themselves outwards to the community as highly visible beacons in the landscape,enticing the audience in.

将每个性能盒分离并给出清晰的标识提供了一个设计挑战。由于建筑物由服务空间和服务空间组成(剧院本质上是高度服务的空间)，因此必须包括一种建筑装置来分离这些元素。大楼两侧的侧壁包括剧院服务空间(浴室、办公室、楼梯间、厨房、储藏室、空气运动系统等)和三个表演场地(服务空间)的框架，同时定义了表演盒周围的内部、街道般的门厅空间。

Separating and giving clear identity to each of these performance boxes offered a design challenge. As buildings comprise of serviced and service spaces (theatres by nature are highly serviced spaces) an architectural device had to be included to separate these elements. The wing walls that flank the building contain the theatre service spaces (ablutions, offices, stairwells, kitchens, store rooms, air-movement systems etc) and frame the three performance venues (the served spaces)whilst defining the internal, street-like,foyer spaces around the performance boxes.

这些盒子的形状被赋予进一步的特征与弯曲的边和角。天窗和玻璃地板将箱子与建筑物的混凝土地板分开。每个盒子都有不同的颜色，使用不同的颜色和红、蓝、黄三色的陶瓷底片。盒子的内部保留着使戏剧成为可能的黑匣子，以及代表索韦托剧院的活力、个性和兴奋的外部色彩。20万块瓷砖装饰在表演盒的墙壁上，每块瓷砖都由当地社区的商人单独放置。

The shapes of these boxes were given further identity withcurved edges and corners. Skylights and glass floors detach the boxes from the concrete floors of the building. Each box was then given its own identity with a different colour using various shades and finish of red, blue and yellow ceramic tiles.The interior remaining the black box that makes theatre possible and the exterior colours representing the vibrancy, personality and excitement associated with theatre in Soweto. 200 000 ceramic tiles adorn the walls of the performance boxes, each tile laid individually by tradesmen from the local community.

 floor plans

楼面布置图

一个社区的声音常常被更强大和更有影响力的人所压倒-对于这样一个历史和严肃的项目来说。然而，这里的相关性并不是人们听到了社区的声音，而是这个声音所创造的东西的证据。索韦托剧院是一个专业的场所，不像它的任何一个阶级；先进和最先进的，同时保持平易近人和诱人的社区，它属于塞尔吉奥·杜阿尔特(SergioDuarte)。

A community’s voice is too often overwhelmed by more powerful and influential individualsfor a project with this history and gravity. The relevance here is however not that the community’s voice was heard, but rather the evidence of what that voice has created. The Soweto Theatre is professional venue unlike any of its class; sophisticatedand state-of-the-art whilst remaining approachable and inviting towardsthe community it belongs to Sergio Duarte.

2.0项目背景

2.0 Project Background

随着一座新的标志性表演艺术戏剧剧院的发展，约翰内斯堡历史悠久的小镇索韦托很可能成为戏剧艺术鉴赏家和公众感兴趣的新目的地。索韦托是一个以其辉煌和臭名昭著的过去而闻名的国际城市。该镇记录了自己的历史，除了缺乏体面的人类住区外，还缺乏历史抗议、艺术和文化运动。

With the development of a new iconic performing arts drama theatre, Johannesburg’s historic township, Soweto, is likely to become a new destination of interest for connoisseurs of the theatrical art and the public in general. Soweto is an international city regarded for its illustrious and infamous past. It chronicling its history, the township does have a dearth of historical protests, arts and cultural movements aside a lack of decent human settlements.

最近，大量基建、住宅和商业投资涌入这座“城市内”。从一个新的公共交通系统，BRT(公共汽车快速运输)到新的乔布拉尼/佐拉区医院，一个升级的奥兰多体育场，包括各种零售项目，如马波尼亚和朱拉尼购物中心，索韦托正在扩大！不是从城市扩张的意义上来说，而是在维持和发展其居民的能力方面。

Recently, as a consequence, there has been teeming infrastructural, residential and commercial investment poured into this ‘city within a city’. From a new public transport system, BRT (Bus Rapid Transport) to the new Jabulani / Zola District Hospital, an upgraded Orlando Stadium including various retail developments such as the Maponya and Jabulani Malls, Soweto is expanding! Not in a sense of urban sprawl but rather in its ability to sustain and develop its residents.

新索韦托剧院为该镇丰富的文化艺术环境做出了重大贡献，已经为国家的旅游收入做出了很大贡献，当地和国际游客前来参观其历史遗址。这座新剧院位于贾布拉尼(索韦托附近)文化丰富地区的中心地带。新剧院在著名的贾布拉尼圆形剧场旁边的一个公园里建立了自己的家，在那里历史上发生了许多重大事件。

Enter; the new Soweto Theatre bringing a significant contribution to the rich arts and cultural context of this township, which already greatly contributes to the country’s tourism revenue in the form of local and international visitors coming to partake in its historical sites. The new theatre is in the heart of a culturally rich area within Jabulani (a neighbourhood of Soweto). The new theatre establishes its home in a public park right next to the famous Jabulani amphitheatre, at which many significant events took place historically.

该项目的目的是为促进和分享该地区的艺术和文化提供一个合适和多用途的场所，并协助促进索韦托艺术和文化的经济和社会发展。向非洲建筑师(项目建筑师)简要介绍了约翰内斯堡房地产公司(JPC)给出的3个艺术和文化表演场地的设计。因此，该分局的设想主要是戏剧表演，但也将容纳音乐和舞蹈作品，包括合唱表演。此外，该设施还将主办节日、大会、会议和社区聚会。

The objectives of this project were to provide a fitting and versatile venue for the advancement and sharing of arts and culture in the area, and to assist in furthering the economic and social development of arts and culture in Soweto. The brief to Afritects (the project architects) was simply to design 3 venues for the performance of arts and culture as given by Johannesburg Property Company (JPC). The precinct was thus conceived to house primarily theatrical performances but would also accommodate musical and dance productions including choral performances. Additionally, the facility would also host festivals, conferences, meetings and community gatherings.

Afritments成功地设计出了一种创新的设计，从社区到各利益攸关方，这提高了人们对分局成功的希望和期待。预计该项目将成为索韦托类似发展的鼓舞人心的跳板。前约翰内斯堡执行市长阿莫斯·马松多(Amos Masondo)表示，在该社区增设剧院是“将索韦托从单纯的宿舍改造为一个正常化社区的一个重要组成部分。”我们正在努力将索韦托改造成一个可持续的人类住区，这不仅是人们的家乡，也是人们去的地方。“

Afritects succeeded in carving out an innovative design, which has heightened hope and anticipation for the success of the precinct, from the community to various stakeholders. It is anticipated that this project would be an inspirational springboard for similar developments in Soweto. Former Johannesburg Executive Mayor, Amos Masondo said the addition of the theatre to the neighbourhood was “an important part of transforming Soweto from a mere dormitory into a normalised neighbourhood. We are striving to change Soweto into a sustainable human settlement that is known not just as a place where people come from but where people also go to.”

他的观点得到了伦敦艺术、文化和文化遗产服务总监史蒂文·萨克(StevenSack)的认同。“我们希望把索韦托变成一个可行的街区，在市中心有你能找到的设施，包括约翰内斯堡最棒的娱乐和娱乐设施。”

His sentiments are shared by the City’s Director of Arts, Culture and Heritage Services, Steven Sack. “We want to turn Soweto into a viable neighbourhood that has facilities you find in the inner city, including entertainment and recreational facilities of the very best Johannesburg could offer.”

3.0建筑物说明

3.0 Building Description

索韦托剧院是国家和全球戏剧设计最佳实践标准的集合。研究了各种本地和国际剧院，只提取了重要的方面，以复制在索韦托剧院。此外，著名的技术专家也加入了专业团队，以确保剧院的设计成果成为一流的音响和照明。从远处看，剧院展示了色彩鲜艳、形状各异的“盒子”。经进一步调查后，发现佐韦托剧院由三个表演场地组成。

The Soweto Theatre is an aggregation of both national and global best practice standards in theatre design. Various local and international theatres were studied, extracting only important aspects, to replicate in the Soweto Theatre. Furthermore, renowned technical specialists were brought on board the professional team to ensure the theatre’s design resulted into top-notch acoustics and lighting. From a distance the theatre displays brightly coloured and curved “boxes” of varying sizes. On closer inspection, it is revealed that the Soweto Theatre comprises three performing venues.

最大的是420个座位的场地，有固定的舞台和分层的座位.它有一个完整的管弦乐坑，一个飞塔和翅膀的桥梁。另外两个场地分别由一座180人和90人座的平地剧院组成.后两个场馆增加了灵活性，因为它们没有固定的舞台或座位。设施包括一个管弦乐坑，飞行塔和共享后台设施之间的三个表演场地。剧院外面有一个特殊的公共空间-一个休息室，可以用作额外的表演区、中场休息时的社交聚会场所，或者只是一个暂停的地方。有一个拉伸结构或天篷覆盖这一空间提供遮荫。

The largest is a 420-seat venue with a fixed stage and tiered seating. It has a full orchestra pit, a bridge for a fly tower and wings. The other two venues comprise a 180-seater and 90-seater flat-floor theatre respectively. The two latter venues have added flexibility, as they are not equipped with a fixed stage or seating. Facilities include an orchestra pit, fly tower and shared backstage facilities between the three performance venues. Outside of the theatre is a special public space - a foyer that can be used as an additional performance area, a social gathering place during intermission or just as a pause area. There is a tensile structure or canopy covering this space providing shade.

剧场盒的东侧和西面是由弯曲的堡垒墙(闪光灯)来定义的，里面有所有其他的附属空间。剧院最具挑战性的特征之一，也可以说是最令人望而生畏的是弯曲的墙壁。该设计将曲线融入了水平和垂直弯曲的墙壁，创造了一个抛物线形状，这是一个真正的工程挑战，导致了一座标志性建筑。

The east and western sides of the theatre boxes are defined by curving fortress walls (blinkers) containing all other ancillary spaces. One of the most challenging features of the theatre, and arguably the most daunting to achieve, was the curved walls. The design has incorporated curves into walls that curve both horizontally and vertically, creating a parabolic shape, which was truly an engineering challenge that resulted in an iconic building.

外墙和内墙是倾斜和弯曲的功能，因为上层的服务空间(办公室/会议室)比底层的公共浴室需要更多的空间；这使机翼墙具有独特的、顶部的形象。

The external and internal walls are sloped and curved for functionality as the service spaces on the upper floors (offices/boardrooms) required more space than the public ablutions on the ground floor; this gives the wing walls their distinctive, top-heavy profile.