© Carlos Jarpa

卡洛斯·贾帕

设计过程是通过对一系列众所周知的木结构的研究而开始的，在这些结构中，材料的变形能力和接头的刚度，都会产生复杂的形状，而这些形状并不需要外部结构来支撑。在这种情况下，我们坚持使用Gridshell系统。

The design process wasinitiated through the study of a series of highly known wooden structures, where the capacity of deformation of the materials, and the stiffness of its joints, allowedcreating complex shapes which did not need an external structure to support itself. In this case, we insisted on using the gridshell system.

 © Carlos Jarpa

卡洛斯·贾帕

当我们试图满足一种既具有体积美又具有巨大结构容量的模型时，这个形状就出来了。

The shape came out as we tried to meet a model that granted both volumetric beauty and great structural capacity.

 © Carlos Jarpa

卡洛斯·贾帕

在这个搜索之后，我们找到了双曲面，因为它是一个圆锥形截面-几何定义-它通过在整个体积中均匀地传递其负载来工作。当我们应用原型构造系统时，它给一个具有超常规结构能力的物体以美、整洁和轻盈。

After this search we found the hyperboloid, which as it is a conic section – geometric definition-, it works by evenly transferring its load through its whole volume. As we appliedatimbered type constructive system, it gives beauty, neatness and lightness to an object with an extraordinarystructural capacity.

 © Carlos Jarpa

卡洛斯·贾帕

作为测试模式，我们将物体水平放置，创建一个展馆，这样做后，我们注意到结构不会消失，因为它不能均匀地传递力，需要互补的结构。随后，我们决定回到构成结构的形状，包括计算给它形状和高度的垂直元素。

As test mode, we placedthe object horizontally, creating a pavilion.Afterwe did this, we noticed that the structure would nothold out, as it would not be able to transmit the forces evenly, needing complementary structures. Subsequently, we decided to go back to the shape that would make up the structure, including the calculation of the vertical elements which give it its shape and height.

 © Carlos Jarpa

卡洛斯·贾帕

有很多高层建筑使用这种形状：水塔、冷却塔、建筑物、柱子等等。

There are plenty oftall constructions that use this type of shape; water towers, cooling towers, buildings, columns, among others.

 © Carlos Jarpa

卡洛斯·贾帕

他说：“透过自然地理欣赏风景优美，是从高楼大厦俯瞰风景的好处之一。以前，在耕种中通常会发现了望塔。这样，人们就可以保护他们，这样他们就可以更容易地进行视觉控制，而不必在整个田地里走动。

“Appreciating scenic beauty through natural geography is one of the benefits of looking from a tall construction. Formerly, it was common to find watchtowers in the cultivations. This way people guarded them and it made it easier for them to have visual control without having to walk around the entire fields.

 © Carlos Jarpa

卡洛斯·贾帕

守卫田野的行为使他们越过边界观看，这是不必要的。当你发现自己处于高位时，它允许你创建一个360度的全景图。“在这一观察之下，为毛勒河建立了一个了望塔，同时也将赋予山谷一个身份。在这个项目的情况下，葡萄园守卫也将能够观看毛勒的日落。

The act of guarding the fields made them watch beyond itsborders, which was unnecessary. As one finds oneself in a high position, it allows one to create a 360º panoramic view.” Under this observation, a watchtower is created for Maule River, which at the same time will give an identity to the valley. In the case of this project, the vineyards guard will also be able to watch the Maule’s sunsets.

在确定了塔的形状和使用后，我们达到了确定塔的尺寸、进行收缩的方法、节点的设计等方面的时刻。该塔是建立在2x2浸渍松条相互连接，由一个大规模生产的钣金系统。这允许在棍棒碰撞时发生轻微的相互作用，而不必钻它们并削弱其结构。

After defining the shape and use, we reached the moment to establish the dimensions of the tower, the way to carry out the constriction, the design of the joints, and so. The tower is built on2x2 impregnated pine strips attached to each other by a mass produced sheet metal system. This allows there tobe a slight interaction when the sticks collide, without having to drill them and weaken its structure.

 © Carlos Jarpa

卡洛斯·贾帕

塔的底座由一个长方形的平台组成，通过一个多用途的木制长凳寻求作为一种秩序元素的有用性。这张长椅是用来做桌子、座位或过道的。如果沿着土地的海拔线走，就会发现有一个斜坡将土地分成两个层次，以产生不同的情况。较高层次，寻求支持塔，并成为进入项目的一部分。另一方面，较低的人寻求庇护使用者，把他带到一个较低的水平，在设计的炉子旁边产生一个交汇点。

The base of the tower consists of a rectangular platform which seeks to be useful as an element of order, through a multipurpose wooden bench. The idea is for this bench to work as a table, seat or gangway. If one follows the lines of the elevations in the land, one will find that there is a slope which separates the land into two levels, which seek to generate different situations. The higher level, seeks to support the tower and being part of the access to the project. On the other hand, the lower one seeks to shelter the user, taking him to a lower level, generating a meeting point next to the designed stove.

Construction

建设过程由两个阶段组成。

The process o construction consists of two stages.

1. 预制

1. Prefabrication

由于塔的位置没有电，我们不得不预制所有的零件。我们不得不切割、弯曲和钻孔384片金属。切成正方形，钻96个金属管，用于粘接剂的连接。制造12个移动式基座。木材的准备。基于1米线制造1000多个螺栓.

As there was no electricity in the location where the tower is placed, we had to prefabricate all of the pieces. We had to cut, bend and drill 384 sheet metals. Cut square and drill 96 metal tubes for the junctions of the sticks.Fabrication of 12 mobile bases. Preparation of the wood. Fabrication of over one thousand bolts based on 1-meter wires.

2. 立法机构

2. Assembly

 © Carlos Jarpa

卡洛斯·贾帕

在预制过程结束后，我们把所有的零件带到土地上开始组装。根据规划，在计划和三维模型中，装配不应出现困难。整个过程不应超过3天。当我们开始建造时，我们发现这些碰撞并不符合模型中的设计，而且由于高温，木材开始弯曲。经过一个漫长的过程，我们成功地连接了第一个金属环，并朝着塔的结构迈出了第一步。

After ending the prefabrication process, we take all the pieces to the land to start with the assembly. According to the planning, in plans and 3D models, the assembly should not present difficulties. The entire process should not take over 3 days. When we started the construction we found that the encounters did not fit as designed in the models, and the wood began to warp due to the high temperatures. After a long process, we managed to connect the first metal ring, and take the first step towards the structuring of the tower.

 © Carlos Jarpa

卡洛斯·贾帕

从这一刻起，没有一个接合点是完全匹配的，这使我们找到了一个解决方案，使我们能够继续前进，并能够永久地建造塔楼。我们不得不松开连接点，将它们单独移动，这样它们才能完美地适应。问题是，当我们调整戒指，自动，下环也会松开，所以我们不得不一个地回去，试图使他们适合。我们已经到了不能继续安装圆环的地步，因为木头膨胀得太大了，把所有的木棍都连接起来太难了，这样我们就可以安装接头了。这就是为什么我们用一条通常用来固定卡车负载的带子包围塔中的原因。一条皮带被调整，所以塔完全给了这一英寸的空间，使我们有可能安装所有缺失的连接处，并加固整个结构。

From this moment, none of the subsequent junctions matched perfectly, which made us come out with a solution that allowed us to keep moving forward and being able to structure the tower permanently.We had to loosen the junctions and move them individually so they would fit perfectly. The problem was that as we adjusted the ring, automatically, the inferior ring would loosen up too, so we had to go back one by one, trying to make them fit. We reached the point where we could not continue to install the rings, since the Wood had expanded too much, and it was too hard join all the sticks so we could install the joints. This is why we surrounded the middle of the tower with a strap commonly used to secure the loads of trucks.A belt was adjusted so the tower completely giving this one inches which gave us the possibility to install all the missing junctions and to stiffen the whole structure.

 © Carlos Jarpa

卡洛斯·贾帕

后来，安装了优越的平台，这使塔的最终结构。最后，安装了炉台，并完成了支持Maule卫队的地板。

Later, the superior platform was installed, which gave the tower its final structure. Finally, the stove platform was installed and the floor that supports the Guard of Maule was finished.