香港经常被称为世界上最密集的城市之一，它的沿岸有一排令人印象深刻的摩天大楼。最新的超高层建筑KPF达到海拔484米以上的维多利亚港在九龙。位于新九龙站之上的国际商务中心是联合广场填海工程的一个组成部分和核心，它是一个交通枢纽，每天运送超过1100万名乘客。内部规划包括办公空间、2家酒店和一个观景台，以及其他混合用途的功能。休息后的更多细节。

Hong Kong is often referred to as one of the densest cities in the world, lined with an impressive array of skyscrapers along its shores. The latest supertall addition by architects KPF reaches an altitude of 484 meters above the Victoria Harbor in Kowloon. Located atop the new Kowloon Station, a transportation hub that feeds a network that ferries over 11 million passenger journeys per day, the International Commerce Centre is an integral part and centerpiece of the Union Square reclamation project.  Internal programming includes office space, 2 hotels, and an observation deck amongst other mixed-use functions. More details after the break.

从KPF在2000年应邀参加的竞赛中获得的获奖建议开始，设计需要解决许多因素，以便有效地最大限度地扩大楼板面积、结构荷载、垂直循环和财政考虑。为了协调结构和楼板面积，会上考虑了几种备选方案，包括圆形，这在尽量减少风荷载方面是最有效的，但对于未来喜欢方形楼板的经济租户来说，这是不可取的。然而，刚性方形的风荷载表现很差，需要更多的材料，从而导致更高的施工成本。因此，通过对风洞的研究和对正方形平面的稍加修改，通过引入切口或“再入”角，该结构能够表现出与原圆形平面相似的效果。

Beginning with KPF’s winning proposal from the invited competition in 2000, the design would require numerous factors to be addressed in order to efficiently maximize floor plate area, structural loading, vertical circulation, and fiscal considerations. In order to harmonize structure and floor plate area, several options were considered including circular, which was most efficient at minimizing wind loading but was undesirable with future financial tenants who favored square floors plates. However, wind loading on rigid square shapes perform quite poorly and would require much more material, resulting in higher construction costs. Thus, through wind tunnel studies and a slight modification to the square plan through the introduction of notched or “re-entrant” corners, the structure was able to perform similar to the original circular plan.

初级结构是通过八根混凝土巨型柱来处理的，当它们接触地面时，它们会向外伸展3度。垂直循环被安置在混凝土核心，以及垂直机械追逐。瓦式立面将塔的垂直部分的细微弯曲连接起来，并在塔底放大，在底部形成檐篷，以保护居住者不受混合幕墙沿线的风降影响。北方最引人注目的入口是“龙尾”，它从垂直平面流过，沿着水平面延伸，最后到达车站广场12米处。

Primary structure is handled via eight concrete mega-columns that splay out 3 degrees as they touch the ground plane. Vertical circulation is housed within the concrete core, along with vertical mechanical chases. A shingle style façade articulates the subtle curvature along the vertical portion of the tower and is amplified at the base creating canopies at the base which protect occupants from wind downdrafts along the hybrid curtain wall. The north features the most dramatic entry, which has been coined the “Dragon Tail,” which flows from the vertical plane and stretches along the horizontal plane culminating in a 12 meters towards the station plaza.

为了达到幕墙的瓦状效果，KPF与幕墙工程师ALT包层顾问公司合作，将拟议中的幕墙的看似复杂的性质提炼成一系列重复的组件。每个模块由一个3米宽的固定吊架组成，它隐藏了板边和周边梁，一种1.5米高的视觉面板，在顶部和底部之间填充。每个面板都安装了一个相对于垂直平面的五度拍摄-这导致了三种墙面类型的5，6，8度的面板超过了立面的长度。统一系统成功地以指数方式减少了唯一面板的数量。据幕墙制作者Permasteel ia称，75%的幕墙只有134种模块类型。

In order to achieve the shingled effect of the curtain wall, KPF collaborated with façade engineers ALT Cladding Consultants in order to distill the seemingly complex nature of the proposed curtain wall into a series of repetitive components.  Each module is comprised of a 3 meter wide fixed spandrel that conceals the slab edge and perimeter beams, a 1.5 meter vision panel that infills between the top and bottom spandrel panels. Each panel is installed with a five degree take with relation to the vertical plane – which resulted in three wall types of 5, 6, and 8 degree panels over the length of the façade. The unitized system successfully reduced the number of unique panels exponentially. According to Permasteelia, the curtain wall fabricators, 75% of the façade is comprised of only 134 module types.

在国际商会内，复杂的环境控制系统非常丰富。玻璃的闪光是由于它的镀银层反射阳光的产生热光谱，同时允许可见光的传输。来自上海耀华皮尔金顿玻璃供应商的技术规格报告，发射率等级为0.15，可见光透射率为4%，遮光系数为0.27。统一的立面系统的板条效应是自动遮阳的双重效果。国际商会采用的另一个系统是KPF与香港理工大学合作开发的“能源优化器”系统。集成传感器对昼夜能耗和季节变化进行监测，作为控制建筑暖通空调系统的参考点，以降低能耗。ICC是第一座配备了这种新技术的建筑，预计与典型的办公类型相比，它的总消耗量将减少15%。

Sophisticated environmental control systems are abundant within the ICC. The shimmering of the glazing is owed to its silver coating which reflects the heat-generating spectrum of sunlight, whilst simultaneously allowing the transmission of visible light. Technical specifications from the glazing supplier - Shanghai Yaohua Pilkington - report an emissivity rating of 0.15, a visible light transmission of 4%, and a shading coefficient of 0.27. The shingled effect of the unitized façade system doubles as self-shading. Another system employed within the ICC is the “Energy Optimizer” system that KPF developed in conjunction with Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Integrated sensors monitor energy consumption for day/night and seasonal variations which then serve as a reference point for controlling the buildings HVAC systems in order to reduce energy expenditure. The ICC is the first building to be outfitted with this new technology which is projected to reduce overall consumption by 15% compared with typical office typologies.

国际商会的垂直城市规划作为发展中的九龙站发展的标志性形象，证明了公共基础设施的强化和整体整合，是未来高层密集化的积极催化剂。

Standing as the iconic image of the developing Kowloon Station Development and testament to the intensification and holistic integration of public infrastructure, the ICC’s vertical city programming serves as positive catalyst for the future of high rise densification.