架构师提供的文本描述。回到16世纪，回到奥斯曼时代，中世纪匈牙利王国的中部和南部领土被土耳其帝国统治了150年，Rácz热水浴是布达佩斯最古老的浴场之一。它的改造即将完成，它的更新准确地展示了不同历史时期如何层次分明，形成了一个经过几个世纪的复杂排列的原始空间形态。在建筑公司Budapesti MűHely的领导下，重建工作不仅注重建筑物的整体形象，而且还注重巴斯的原始技术发明。

Text description provided by the architects. Routed back to the 16th century, to the Ottoman times, when the central and southern territories of the medieval Hungarian Kingdom was ruled by the Turkish Empire for 150 years, the Rácz Thermal Bath is one of the oldest bathing building in Budapest. Heading towards completion, its renovation shows the original spatial appearance precisely how the different historical periods layered above each other and formed a complex arrangement through centuries. Led by the architectural firm Budapesti Műhely, the reconstruction paid attention not just to the building’s overall image, but also to the original technical inventions of the Bath.

 © Tamas Bujnovszky

(Tamas Bujnovszky)

巴斯位于GelléRT山脚下，很可能是在1560年左右索基鲁·穆斯塔法·帕沙统治时期建立的。土耳其浴室是建筑物中最古老的部分，幸运的是，在布达战役(1686年)之后，土耳其的长期围困结束了。因此，这栋建筑的所有权在一段时间内被奥地利Kaiserlich会议厅所拥有，然后在19世纪60年代归属于Heinrich家族。富裕家庭委托著名建筑师米科洛斯·伊布尔(Miklós Ybl)对这栋建筑进行翻修(1864-65年)，并以他浪漫的风格扩建了几个新的沐浴部分(1869-70年)。但是在扩建之前，海因里希一家不得不一个接一个地购买必要的底层土地，因为布达的这一部分当时是一个人口稠密的地区。这就导致了扩展方法的突发性和空间结构的高度复杂。因此，近期的改造不仅要解决不同风格的改造，而且要把历史建筑的重叠部分与新的设施和谐统一起来。

Situated at the foot of Gellért Hill, the Bath was founded probably during the ruling time of Sokollu Mustafa Pasha around 1560. The Turkish bath, the oldest part of the building, stayed fortunately unharmed when the long Turkish siege was over after the Battle of Buda (1686). As a result, the building’s ownership went for a while to the Austrian Kaiserlich Chamber and then in the 1860s to the Heinrich family. The wealthy family commissioned Miklós Ybl, a renowned architect of his time, to renovate (1864-65) and to extend the building with several new bathing parts (1869-70) in his romantic style. But before any extension could be made, the Heinrich family had to purchase the necessary ground floor areas in small plots one by one, since this part of Buda was a densely populated area at that time. This caused certain suddenness in the extension method and a highly complex spatial structure. Thus, the recent renovation had to solve not only the reconstruction of different styles, but also to harmonically unify the overlapping historical building parts with the new facilities.

 © Tamas Bujnovszky

(Tamas Bujnovszky)

这座建筑在第二次世界大战期间遭到严重破坏，由于上世纪60年代毫无意义的下令拆除，以及翻修过程拖延了几十年，它的状况变得更加糟糕。作品最终开始于2006年，重点是对原始历史空间的细致重建，以及土耳其时代、巴洛克时期和19世纪市民世界的沐浴经历。因此，建筑师们不仅对材料和装饰图案的原始使用进行了特别小心的翻新，而且还对淋浴、照明和取暖技术、水的压力按照不同浴室的原有习俗进行了改造。因此，在即将到来的开幕式之后，不同的历史时期对来宾来说将变得非常明智。

The building has been severely damaged during the World War II bombings and its condition became even worse due to the senselessly ordered demolitions of the 1960’s and to the decades of delay in the renovation process. Started finally in 2006, the work focused on the meticulous reconstruction of the original historical spaces and also of the Turkish era’s, the Baroque periods’ and the 19th century civic world’s bathing experience. Therefore, the architects renovated not only the original use of materials and the ornamental motifs with an extra care, but also the showering-, lighting- and heating techniques, the water’s pressure in accordance with the original customs of the different bathing halls. Thus the different historical times will become really sensible for the guests after the upcoming opening.

 © Tamas Bujnovszky

(Tamas Bujnovszky)

由Ybl设计的Moresque淋浴厅和连接的温水冲天炉大厅被上述1960年代的拆除完全摧毁。在重建这些连接部分的同时，建筑师们的意图是在建筑中保持一种安然无恙的历史体验，同时清楚地表达出这些墙并不是原来的墙。因此，他们决定按照原计划建造1：1的模型，采用薄混凝土壳结构(宽15厘米)，而不是19世纪建筑实践中制造的变厚度、外表面矫直的旧砖墙。因此，最终的结果显示了空间的内部和他们以前看的一样；同时，外部有这样的拱形，这是以前不存在的。

Designed by Ybl, the Moresque Shower-hall and the connecting Warm Water Cupola-hall were completely destroyed by the above mentioned demolitions of the 1960s. Rebuilding these connecting parts, the architects’ intention was to maintain an unharmed historical experience in the building, meanwhile clearly expressing that these walls are not the original ones. Therefore, they decided upon building a 1:1 scale model according to the original plans and using a thin concrete shell structure (with a15 centimetres width) instead of the old brick walls with the variable thickness and straightened external surfaces as they were made in the 19th century’s building practice. Thus, the end result shows the interiors of the spaces in the same way as they used to look; meanwhile the exteriors got such vaulted shapes that have not existed before.

 © Tamas Bujnovszky

(Tamas Bujnovszky)

浴室的修复部分由玻璃正面、走廊和带有玻璃墙的内部空间连接。有了这个解决方案，几个世纪前的空间就得到了这样一个建筑框架，它尽可能多地揭示了所列建筑的历史价值。建筑师给建筑一个和谐的整体外观，在整个建筑中使用一个反复出现的主题来连接复杂空间结构中不同历史时期的风格：一个圆形的天窗。这些圆形的玻璃天窗就像对土耳其浴室的作品的一种重新诠释，是在一个规则的栅格中组织起来的，出现在新建筑部分的地板空间的某些部分。

The bath’s restored parts are joined by glass facades, corridors and internal spaces with glass walls. With this solution the several centuries old spaces received such an architectural frame that reveal as much as possible from the listed building’s historical values. Giving a harmonic overall appearance to the building the architects used a recurring motif throughout the whole building to connect the different historical periods’ styles in the complex spatial structure: a rounded skylight. Acting like a kind of reinterpretation of the Turkish bath’s opeion, the rounded, glassed skylights are organised in a regular raster and occur in some parts of the new building parts’ floor-space.

 Courtesy of Budapesti Műhely

由Budapesti MűHely提供