Courtesy of BC Architects, ABBA architects, and Adey Tadess

由BC建筑师、ABBA建筑师和Adey Tadess提供

城市潜移默化建筑的创造，以及对全球建筑的追求，在共同的观念中，先于建筑：城市主义通过创造条件来创造潜力，来安排城市后期的建筑对象。都市主义是一种非常慷慨的思维方式，因为很多东西都是开放的，而建筑则是一门更自私的学科，它耗尽了其他人产生的潜力。然而，在全球南部一些快速变化的城市中，城市化并不一定发生在建筑之前：它在时间上是一致的。目前在亚的斯亚贝巴，由于缺乏或缺乏有效的规划文化，单个积木的混乱安排给城市的集体和公共空间带来负担。这与其他城市参数一起导致有形影响，例如不安全或没有行人通道，缺乏可进入的公园和广场，以及在未确定的公共空间中的小偷小摸和暴力。

The creation of urban potential – through architecture, and the quest for a glocal architecture urbanism, in common perception, comes before architecture: urbanism creates potential by generating conditions to orchestrate the city’s latter architectural objects. Urbanism is a very generous way of thinking, since a lot is left open, whereas architecture is a more selfish discipline, which uses up the potential generated by others. In some rapidly changing cities of the global south though, urbanism doesn’t necessarily happen before architecture: it coincides in time. At this moment in Addis Ababa, a chaotic arrangement of individual building blocks burdens the city's collective and common spaces, due to an absent or ineffective planning culture. This, with other urban parameters, leads to tangible effects such as unsafe or absent pedestrian walkways, a lack of accessible parks and squares, and petty theft and violence in undefined public spaces.

 north elevation

北立面图

通过相当规模的建筑塑造城市的第二个相关事实是，当地建筑师希望引进一种国际风格的全球现代主义建筑，而忽视埃塞俄比亚建筑中的当地传统、材料和特征。这种进口风格试图与越来越全球化的金融现实联系起来，但在气候上，这种风格的玻璃幕墙和空调，在气候上也不适合亚的斯亚贝巴恶劣的下午阳光。

A second relevant fact in shaping the city through buildings of considerable scale, consists of the desire of local architects to import an international style of global-modernist buildings, neglecting local traditions, materials and identity in Ethiopian architecture. This imported style tries to connect with a financial reality, which is more and more global, but – with its glass façades and air conditioning – is also often climatologically inappropriate for the harsh afternoon sun in Addis Ababa. 

 south elevation

以商会和行业协会总部大楼的建筑设计比赛为出发点。在新一代埃塞俄比亚建筑师的启发和合作下，我们认为尊重当地特色和新兴大都市是我们的共同责任：我们的设计目标是通过建筑创造潜力-就像城市化者所做的那样-同时努力建立一个全球本土建筑。

With the architectural design competition for the Headquarters building of the Chamber of Commerce and Sectorial Associations, we take these two facts as a starting point. Being inspired by and in cooperation with a new generation of Ethiopian architects, we consider it our joint duty to respect both the local identity and the emerging metropolis: our design aims to create potential – as urbanists do - through architecture, while trying to establish a glocal architecture. 

 west elevation

西立面图

我们的目标是通过建筑与城市周围的关系，以及通过内部的功能组织，创造建筑内外的潜力，既作为一名城市工作者，又作为一名建筑师。同时，我们的目标是创造一种符合国际创业社会需要的建筑语言，同时与当地材料和身份保持一致。除了使用当地的材料外，该设计还提到了“netela”，一种埃塞俄比亚编织的纺织品，它很好地展示了棉线，具有阴影和透明度的特点。

We aim to create potential outside and inside the building, acting both as an urbanist and an architect, through the relationship of the building to the urban surrounding, and through the internal organization of the functions. At the same time, we aim to generate an architectural language serving the needs of an international entrepreneurial community, while being in line with local materials and identity. Besides using local materials, the design also refers to the ‘Netela’, a woven Ethiopian textile, which so nicely shows the threads of cotton and has a character of both shadow and transparency.

当勒·柯布西耶构想出辐射城时，讲台和塔台的概念就应运而生了。最初，勒柯布西耶认为讲台是一个高架步行公共空间，世界各地的城市规划者和政策制定者都遵循这一愿景，对整个新的城市部分(阿尔及尔、马赛、布鲁塞尔、…)进行了改造(阿尔及尔、马赛、布鲁塞尔、…)。，甚至建立新城市(巴西利亚，安卡拉，…)。然而，在任何地方，领奖台都没有实现它作为行人空间的最初功能。相反，现代主义者的领奖台在塔楼和街道之间设置了一个分层的距离，给街头居民造成了一种难以接近的感觉。

When Le Corbusier conceived the Radiant City, the concept of podium and tower came into existence. Originally, Le Corbusier thought of the podium as an elevated pedestrian public space and worldwide, urban planners and policy makers followed this vision in renovating whole new city parts (Algiers, Marseille, Brussels,…), or even starting new cities (Brasilia, Ankara, …). Nowhere though, has the podium fulfilled its original function as a space for pedestrians. Rather the modernist podium has installed a hierarchical distance between tower and street, creating a feeling of inaccessibility for street dwellers.

 facade system diagram

立面系统图

在亚的斯亚贝巴问题上，我们必须设法批判性地重新考虑这一讲台，以便为埃塞俄比亚街道和商业的具体社会空间服务。在我们的设计建议中，我们把讲台带到举行非正式会议、联网和活跃的公共空间。事实上，“领奖台”一词将其含义扩展到城市场景，在那里，即将到来的和即将离任的商业行为者正在上演。它的舞台是可以进入的。

In the context of Addis Ababa, we must try to rethink this podium critically to serve the specific social spaces of Ethiopian streets and commerce. In our design proposal, we bring the podium down to the public space where informal meetings, networking and vibrancy take place. Indeed, the term podium extends its meaning to urban scene, where the incoming and outgoing business actors are staged. And its stage is accessible.

 diagram 01

diagram 01

在亚的斯亚贝巴阿贝巴，街道是满足社区内部互动需要的主要公共空间。这里是富人、中产阶级和穷人在人、商业、故事和商品的复杂互动中相遇的地方。然而，今天，街区的道路“不仅仅是小径或大道”。他们是一个充满活力的多任务场所。国内活动和商业活动不断扩大，并涌向街头。{…此外，街道是一个社会交往的空间。“(Elias Yitbarak博士在“泽米纳维特是什么？”)在亚的斯亚贝巴阿贝巴街道的这一功能中，我们看到了创造潜力。我们在建筑的外部和内部都这样做。

In the context of Addis Abeba, the street is the main public space that answers to the needs of interaction within communities. It is the place where the rich, the middle class and the poor meet in a complex interaction of people, commerce, stories and goods. Still today, roads in neighborhoods “are not just paths or thoroughfares. They are rather vibrant places of multi-tasking. Domestic activities and businesses extend and flow out into the streets. {…} Furthermore, the streets are a social space of interaction.” (Dr. Elias Yitbarak in ‘What is Zemenawinet?’) In this function of Addis Abeba’s streets, we see potential to be created. We do this both on the outside and the inside of the proposed building.

 diagram 02

diagram 02

首先，建筑场地由3条街道构成，建筑以城市公园、城市广场和城市楼梯3种类型为形式，为商业、社会交往和交流提供了宝贵的公共空间。其次，在内部，建筑物由大坡道定义，它从城市广场流入建筑物，并在突出的空间周围循环。街道的良好特点-非正式会议、贸易和商业、联网、活跃-成为商会总部大楼内部流通活动的主要特征。通过这种方式，我们试图营造一个充满活力、忙碌和人际关系的环境，这对于创业世界来说是非常必要的。

Firstly, on the outside, the building site is defined by 3 streets, and the building gives back valuable public space that facilitates trade, social encounter and exchange, in the form of 3 urban typologies: the urban park, the urban square and the urban stairs. Secondly, on the inside, the building is defined by the grand ramp, which flows from the urban square into the building and circulates around the prominent space. The good characteristics of the street – informal meetings, trade and commerce, networking, vibrancy – become a main feature of the inner circulation activities of the Headquarter Building of the Chamber of Commerce. In this way we try to instigate a vibrant busy-ness and networking environment so necessary for the entrepreneurial world.

建筑的外观在周围的全球现代主义风格也令我们关注。这就引出了我们对材料和外观的选择。该粗面岩将用于平台上的立面熔覆和塔上的结构立面，是一种当地开采的石头，是指埃塞俄比亚石材建筑的块体。塔的外观也指的是‘netela’(埃塞俄比亚编织的纺织品)，它很好地展示了棉线，具有阴影和透明度的特点。

The appearance of the building within the surrounding global-modernist style also concerns us. This brings us to the choice of materials and the façade. The Trachyte stone that will be used for façade cladding on the podium and for structural façade on the tower is a locally quarried stone, and refers to the massiveness of Ethiopian stone architecture. The façade of the tower also refers to the ‘Netela’ (woven Ethiopian textile) which so nicely shows the threads of cotton and has a character of both shadow and transparency.

通过将这种地方材料和外观与可与全球创业社区连接起来的建筑表现形式联系起来，商会总部大楼将自己定位为真正的全球地方建筑，这是新一代埃塞俄比亚和欧洲建筑师合作的结果。

By linking this local material and façade to an architectural expressive form that could connect to a global entrepreneurial community, the Headquarters Building of the Chamber of Commerce is positioning itself as a true glocal architecture, a result of a cooperation between a new generation of Ethiopian and European architects.