1991年，巴斯克政府向所罗门共和国(‭，‬R‭)提出建议。‬Guggenheim基金会表示，它资助了一座古根海姆博物馆，该博物馆将建在毕尔巴鄂‮‘‬破旧的港口地区‭，‬，曾经是城市‮’‬的主要收入来源‭。‬适当的‭，‬博物馆成为一个更大的重建计划的一部分，该计划的目的是更新工业城镇‭并使其现代化。古根海姆毕尔巴鄂(‬‭，‬)在1997年开业后，几乎立即成为一个广受欢迎的旅游景点‭，‬，吸引了来自世界各地的游客(‭)。‬

In 1991‭, ‬the Basque government proposed to the Solomon R‭. ‬Guggenheim Foundation that it fund a Guggenheim museum to be built in Bilbao‮’‬s dilapidated port area‭, ‬once the city‮’‬s main source of income‭. ‬Appropriately‭, ‬the museum became part of a larger redevelopment plan that was meant to renew and modernize the industrial town‭. ‬Almost immediately after its opening in 1997‭, ‬the Guggenheim Bilbao became a popular tourist attraction‭, ‬drawing visitors from around the world‭. ‬

 © Flickr user EEPaul

c Flickr用户EEPaul

河畔遗址位于市中心‭的北缘。‬A公路和铁路线在‭，‬以南，‭，‬以北的河流和‭以东的Salve桥的混凝土结构。‬与城市‭，‬建立了有形的物理联系，在Salve桥‭，‬周围循环和挤压，创建了一条弯曲的河边长廊‭，‬，并在城市电网结束‭的南侧形成了一个慷慨的新公共广场。‬指的是景观‭，‬，比如通往正门大厅的狭窄通道，让人联想到峡谷、‭，[‬2‭]‬或弯弯曲曲的人行道，以及响应Nervión河‭的水景。‬

The riverside site is on the northern edge of the city center‭. ‬A road and railway line is to the south‭, ‬the river to the north‭, ‬and the concrete structure of the Salve Bridge to the east‭. ‬Making a tangible physical connection with the city‭, ‬the building circulates and extrudes around the Salve Bridge‭, ‬creates a curved riverside promenade‭, ‬and forms a generous new public plaza on the south side of the site where the city grid ends‭. ‬The building alludes landscapes‭, ‬such as the narrow passageway to the main entrance hall reminiscent of a gorge‭, [‬2‭]‬or the curved walkway and water features in response to the Nervión River‭. ‬

 © Flickr User: dbaron

c Flickr用户：dbaron

虽然从地面上看，外面的金属形状几乎像花一样，但这座建筑更像一艘船，‭，‬，唤起了毕尔巴鄂港过去的工业生活。‬由钛、‭，‬、石灰石、‭，‬和玻璃‭，‬组成，外观看似随机的曲线被设计用来捕捉光线，并对太阳和天气‭做出反应。‬固定夹使每个‭.‬38毫米钛瓷砖‭，‬都有一个浅中央凹痕，使表面在变化的光线中出现涟漪，给整体组成‭以非凡的彩虹色。‬

Although the metallic form of the exterior looks almost floral from above‭, ‬from the ground the building more closely resembles a boat‭, ‬evoking the past industrial life of the port of Bilbao‭. ‬Constructed of titanium‭, ‬limestone‭, ‬and glass‭, ‬the seemingly random curves of the exterior are designed to catch the light and react to the sun and the weather‭.  ‬Fixing clips make a shallow central dent in each of the‭ .‬38mm titanium tiles‭, ‬making the surface appear to ripple in the changing light and giving an extraordinary iridescence to the overall composition‭. ‬

 © Flickr User: Michael Jones 51

c Flickr用户：Michael Jones 51

由于‭，‬的数学复杂性，扭曲曲线是使用一个名为CATIA‭，‬的三维设计软件设计的，该软件允许复杂的设计和计算，而这些设计和计算在几年前‭是不可能的。‬本质上是‭，‬，该软件数字化了盖里‮‘‬手工制作的模型的边缘、‭，‬曲面、‭，‬和交叉口上的点，以构建屏幕上的模型，然后可以动画片‭的方式进行操作。‬

Because of their mathematical intricacy‭, ‬the twisting curves were designed using a 3-D design software called CATIA‭, ‬which allows for complex designs and calculations that would not have been possible a few years ago‭. ‬Essentially‭, ‬the software digitizes points on the edges‭, ‬surfaces‭, ‬and intersections of Gehry‮’‬s hand-built models to construct on-screen models that can then be manipulated in the manner of animated cartoons‭. ‬

 Courtesy of Gehry Partners

Gehry Partners提供的服务

建筑物‮‘‬的墙壁和天花板是承重的‭，‬，包含一个内部结构的金属棒，形成网格与三角形‭。‬CATIA计算了每个位置‭，‬所需的条数，以及‮‘‬‭‬位置和方向‭。‬，除了这个结构，‭，‬，墙壁和天花板有几个绝缘层和一个钛‭外层涂层。‬每个片段都是由CATIA软件‭确定的其位置(‭，‬)所独有的。‬

The building‮’‬s walls and ceilings are load-bearing‭, ‬containing an internal structure of metal rods that form grids with triangles‭. ‬CATIA calculated the number of bars required in each location‭, ‬as well as the bars‮’‬‭ ‬positions and orientations‭. ‬In addition to this structure‭, ‬the walls and ceilings have several insulating layers and an outer coating of titanium‭. ‬Each piece is exclusive to its location‭, ‬determined by the CATIA software‭. ‬

 © Flickr User: Viajar sin Destino

c Flickr用户：Viajar sin Destino

大型‭，‬光线填充的中庭是博物馆‭，‬的组织中心，在‭的19个画廊中，分布着11000平方米的‭‬展览空间。‬十个这样的画廊遵循一个经典的正交计划，可以从外部通过石灰石完成‭识别。‬剩余的9个画廊是从外部通过旋转的有机形式，包覆钛，‭。‬，最大的画廊，宽30‭‬，长130‭‬，有一个永久装置，名为‭‬‮“‬，时间问题，由richard serra‭.‬设计。

The large‭, ‬light-filled atrium serves as the organizing center of the museum‭, ‬distributing 11,000‭ ‬square meters of exhibition space over nineteen galleries‭. ‬Ten of these galleries follow a classic orthogonal plan that can be identified from the exterior by a limestone finish‭. ‬The remaining nine galleries are identified from the outside by swirling organic forms clad in titanium‭. ‬The largest gallery is 30‭ ‬meters wide and 130‭ ‬meters long and houses a permanent installation called‭ ‬‮“‬The Matter of Time‮”‬‭ ‬by Richard Serra‭.‬

 © Flickr User: Iker Merodio

c Flickr用户：Iker Merodio

博物馆的社会经济影响令人震惊的‭。‬在运营的头三年里，‭，‬近400万游客参观了博物馆‮-‬，创造了大约5亿‭‬的利润‭。此外，‬，‭，‬，游客们在酒店、‭，‬、餐馆、‭，‬商店和交通上花费的钱，征收了超过1亿‭‬的税收‭，‬，这超过了建筑‭的成本。然而，“毕尔巴鄂效应法案”(‬‬‭，‬‮“‬Effect‮”‬‭)的‭‬承诺也引发了全球范围内的“声明”建筑热潮，在最近的经济危机之后，事实证明这是一种轻率的做法。然而，博物馆仍然是一个标志性的结构，以其复杂性和形式而闻名于世。

The socio-economic impact of the museum has been astounding‭. ‬During the first three years of operation‭, ‬almost 4‭ ‬million tourists visited the museum‮—‬generating about 500‭ ‬million in profit‭. ‬Furthermore‭, ‬the money visitors spent on hotels‭, ‬restaurants‭, ‬shops and transport collected over 100‭ ‬million in taxes‭, ‬which more than offset the cost of the building‭. ‬‬However‭, ‬the‭ ‬promise of the ‮“‬Bilbao Effect‮”‬‭ also ‬sparked a building boom in "statement" architecture across the globe, one which proved imprudent in the wake of the recent economic crisis. Nevertheless, the Museum remains an iconic structure renowned for its complexity and form.

建筑师Gehry Partners Location Guggenheim Museum Bilburg，Abandoibarra Hiribidea，2，48009 Bilbo，Bizkaia，西班牙类别博物馆项目年照片Flickr用户：RonG 8888，Flickr用户：dbaron，Flickr用户：MIMMIG，Flickr用户：Viajar sin Destino，Flickr用户：Cincinnato，Flickr用户EEPaul，Flickr用户：Michael Jones 51，Flickr用户：Iker Merodio，Flickr用户：Aris Gionis，Flickr用户：jimcintosh制造商装载.

Architects Gehry Partners Location Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, Abandoibarra Hiribidea, 2, 48009 Bilbo, Bizkaia, Spain Category Museum Project Year 1997 Photographs Flickr User: RonG8888, Flickr User: dbaron, Flickr User: mimmyg, Flickr User: Viajar sin Destino, Flickr User: cincinnato, Flickr user EEPaul, Flickr User: Michael Jones 51, Flickr User: Iker Merodio, Flickr User: Aris Gionis, Flickr User: jimcintosh Manufacturers Loading...