Courtesy of American Seating

美国座位

门面由10，000多块玻璃板组成，这些玻璃板贴在钢桁架的框架上。玻璃采用单面玻璃，由结构硅树脂固定，减少了关节的视觉突出。约翰逊和伯吉开发了角形、星形的计划，以活跃整体的单色卷。这座钢塔也由约翰逊设计，并于1990年完工。它横跨34英亩的校园，与大教堂垂直相提并论.

The facade is composed of more than 10,000 glass panels affixed to a framework of steel trusses. The panes are single-glazed and held in place by structural silicone, reducing the visual prominence of the joints. Johnson and Burgee developed the angular, star-shaped plan to enliven the monolithic, monochromatic volume. The steel tower was also designed by Johnson and completed in 1990. It is visible across the 34-acre campus and serves as a vertical counterpart to the Cathedral.

 © Flickr user Paul N.

Flickr用户PaulN.

这个巨大的空间长度和宽度分别为400英尺和200英尺。该设计是一个典型的拉丁交叉计划的修改，一个缩短的内凹和扩大的传送带，使每个座位更接近下议院。为了向洛杉矶的汽车文化致敬，停车场被设计成一个驾车的集会，通过汽车立体声听布道。90英尺高的门在通往停车场的驾驶室旁，提供通风和与会者之间的视觉连接。

The single, gigantic space measures 400 feet by 200 feet in length and width. The design is a modification of the typical Latin cross plan, with a shortened nave and widened transept, to bring each seat closer to the chancel. In a nod to Los Angeles car culture, the parking lot was designed for a drive-in congregation to listen to the sermon via car stereo. 90-foot-high doors beside the chancel open onto the parking lot, providing ventilation and a visual connection between attendees.

 Ground Level Plan

地面平面图

约翰逊把这个项目描述为“一座没有设置的独立建筑”。1入口-玻璃皮上简单的长方形裂口-是从功能而不是上下文中衍生出来的。参观者通过不透明的混凝土阳台进入半透明的中央空间。整个室内可以在高耸的130英尺高的天花板下看到.白钢的格子形成了一个连续的墙壁和天花板膜，由外面的透明玻璃所包围。乍一看，三角形阳台似乎位于钢框架内，但每个顶点都有巨大的柱子支撑。

Johnson described the project as "an independent building without setting."1 The entrances—simple, rectangular breaks in the glass skin—are derived from function rather than context. Visitors pass beneath the opaque, concrete balconies to enter the translucent central space. The entire interior is visible beneath the soaring, 130-foot-high ceiling. The lattice of white steel forms a continuous membrane of walls and ceiling, enclosed by the transparent glass beyond. At first glance, the triangular balconies appear to rest within the steel frame, but are supported by massive columns at each ve

 © Flickr user Paul N.

Flickr用户PaulN.

建筑物的环境调解可以说是它最伟大的建筑壮举。镜面玻璃只向太空传输百分之八的光和百分之十的太阳能。这允许一个完全被动的通风系统，除了用来操作窗户的机械控制。当关闭时，可操作的窗口与固定的窗格是无法区分的，保持了玻璃正面的连续性。打开后，它们像玻璃一样从光滑的表面突出。

The building’s environmental mediation is arguably its greatest architectural feat. The mirrored glass transmits only eight percent light and ten percent total solar energy into the space. This allows for an entirely passive ventilation system, aside from the mechanical controls used to operate the windows. While closed, the operable windows are indistinguishable from fixed panes, preserving the continuity of the glass facade. Opened, they project like glass gills from the otherwise smooth surface.

 © Wikimedia Commons user Russavia

维基媒体共用用户Russavia

原由舒勒牧师领导的水晶大教堂牧师于2010年申请破产，声称拥有5000万美元的债务。罗马天主教奥兰治教区于次年获得了这一财产，并重新命名为“基督大教堂”。约翰逊·费恩(JohnsonFain)正在监督内部改建工作，这是一项旨在使教堂适应天主教教会的努力。校园将由里奥斯·克莱门蒂·黑尔工作室重建，还包括国际可能性思考中心和花园林社区教堂建筑。前者于2002年由理查德·梅尔完成。

Crystal Cathedral Ministries, formerly led by Reverend Schuller, filed for bankruptcy in 2010, claiming $50 million in debt. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Orange acquired the property the following year and rechristened the building "Christ Cathedral." Johnson Fain is overseeing the interior alterations, an effort to adapt the church for a Catholic congregation. The campus is to be remastered by Rios Clementi Hale Studios and also includes the International Center for Possibility Thinking and the Garden Grove Community Church building. The former was completed in 2002 by Richard Meier & Partners. The latter was designed by Richard Neutra and opened in 1961 as the first formal home to Schuller's congregation. Work is underway to restore the building to Neutra's original vision.

 © Flickr user OZinOH

c Flickr用户OZinOH

[1]藤井，韦恩。“GA采访：菲利普·约翰逊对菲利普·约翰逊的采访”大会1990年文件：12-18。

[1] Fujii, Wayne. "GA Interview: Philip Johnson on Philip Johnson." GA Document 1990: 12-18.

建筑师菲利普约翰逊和约翰伯吉位置水晶大教堂改造教堂，13280查普曼大道，花园树林，CA 92840，美国类别大教堂建筑师负责菲利普约翰逊，约翰伯吉座位美国座位公司。地区32000.0 ft2项目年1980年照片Flickr用户Amir Nejad，Flickr用户Paul N.，Flickr用户C.S调度，Flickr用户虹吸，维基媒体共享用户Russavia，Flickr用户OZinOH，Flickr用户Ben Kraal制造商加载.

Architects Philip Johnson and John Burgee Location Crystal Cathedral Reformed Church, 13280 Chapman Avenue, Garden Grove, CA 92840, United States Category Cathedral Architect in Charge Philip Johnson, John Burgee Seating American Seating Co. Area 32000.0 ft2 Project Year 1980 Photographs Flickr user Amir Nejad, Flickr user Paul N., Flickr user C. Strife, Flickr user siphorous, Wikimedia Commons user Russavia, Flickr user OZinOH, Flickr user Ben Kraal Manufacturers Loading...