Red Pepper House Urko Sanchez Architects

 © Alberto Heras

阿尔贝托·赫拉斯

 Ground Florr Plan

地面植物区系计划

这位客户费尔南多·托雷斯(Fernando Torres)想要一套私人住宅，与拉穆有共同的联系，但却与世隔绝。他热爱建筑，同时又喜欢与自然接触。结合这两个属性，提出了一个机会，以创造一种形式的有机建筑，具有平衡的传统工艺和现代要求。客户非常尊重环境，希望在设计过程中尽可能地保护森林。同样地，建筑的建造过程和最终的运行都有着相同的属性。

The client, Fernando Torres, wanted a private residence that shared a connection with Lamu but was secluded from the main town itself. He had a passion for architecture and at the same time liked to be in contact with nature. Combining these two attributes, a chance was presented to create a form of organic architecture that had a balance of traditional craft and modern requirements. The client had great respect for the environment and wished that the design process preserved the forest as much as possible. Likewise, the construction process and eventually the running of the building were to share the same attribute.

客户有非常特殊的需求。

There are very specific needs of the client.

-这所房子的设计是在可供全家人居住的区域内，或在他独自一人时减少到一处。

- The house was to be designed in zones that could be occupied by the whole family or reduced to one when he was alone.

 Courtesy of Urko Sanchez Architects

乌尔科·桑切斯建筑师提供

-费尔南多想为他的朋友拉法(Rafa)保留一英亩的地皮，那里最终也会为他设计一个私人住宅。

- Fernando wanted to have one acre of the plot secluded for his friend, Rafa, where a private residence would eventually be designed for him too.

-费尔南多也有膝盖问题，这意味着房子必须设计在一层楼。

- Fernando also had a knee problem, which meant that the house would have to be designed on one floor.

-他是Anidan儿童收容所的主要捐款人，该儿童收容所离计划不远，希望与孤儿院有密切的关系。最终，费尔南多希望从一种设计中获利，在这种设计中，房屋的一部分可以出租出去，但在占用者和他自己之间仍然保持着隐私的屏障。

- He is a major contributor to the Anidan Children’s Shelter that lies not far behind the plot and desired to have a close relationship with the orphanage. Eventually Fernando would like to profit from a design where parts of the house could be rented out yet still maintain a barrier of privacy between the occupiers and himself.

 Courtesy of Urko Sanchez Architects

乌尔科·桑切斯建筑师提供

这一需要使得有必要重新审查斯瓦希里语传统的解决办法目录，以满足非常具体的要求。

This needs made necessary to revisit the Swahili traditional catalogue of solutions to give response to very specific demands.

 © Stevie Mann

C.Stevie Mann

该地块位于拉穆岛北端，被淹没在植被中，与其东南山坡上的海滩接壤。这片主要由红树林组成的森林，在林间提供了很少的空地，还有大量的鸣叫鸟。这些自然特征使建筑得以发展，其设计创造了与周围环境的和谐对话。在不与当地居民完全隔绝的情况下，它的位置提供了一个空间，使其周围的自然保护隐私。

Located on the island of Lamu towards the north end of the town, the plot is immersed in vegetation and bordered by the beach on its southeast slopes. The forest, consisting mainly of mangroves, provides very few open spaces in between and hosts an abundance of chirping birds. These natural features enable the development of a building, whose design creates a harmonious dialogue with its surroundings. Without being completely isolated from the local population, its location provides a space where privacy is safeguarded by the nature that surrounds it.

挑战和应对

Challenge and Response

挑战是对与当地传统无关的非常具体的要求作出回应，并利用当地的建筑系统、工艺和空间感，展望未来，但却有一条根植于过去的腿。

The challenge is to give response to very specific requests not specifically related to the local tradition and to do it using the local construction systems, workmanship, and sense of space, looking towards the future yet having one leg grounded in the past.

从当地拉穆的建设中获得知识，该项目将以类似的方式进行，并对周围环境给予极大的尊重。

Gaining knowledge from local Lamu construction, the project will be approached in a similar way and, paying great respect to the surrounding environment.

 © Stevie Mann

C.Stevie Mann

这座房子将与岛上的历史和自然相结合，构成一种有机建筑的对话。

The house is to be integrated with the history and nature of the island composing a dialogue of organic architecture.

Space distribution

 Courtesy of Urko Sanchez Architects

乌尔科·桑切斯建筑师提供

这个想法是尊重现场的所有大树，并利用它们创造一个开放/封闭和阳光/阴影地区的配置。这所房子的脚印是只在没有被树木占据的地方建造的结果。这种脚印对应于屋顶结构所覆盖的无墙区域，唯一封闭的空间是连在连续屋顶下的卧室。

The idea is to respect all the big trees on site and take advantage of them to create a disposition of open/closed and sunny/shadowy areas. The footprint of the house is the result of building only in the areas not occupied by trees. this footprint corresponds to the area covered by the roof structure with no walls, the only enclosed spaces are the bedrooms which are linked together under the continuous roof.

建筑语言

Architectural language

该建筑采用了不同的封闭水平，创造了室内和室外之间的过渡。

The architecture incorporates different levels of closure that create a transition between indoors and outdoors.

 Courtesy of Urko Sanchez Architects

乌尔科·桑切斯建筑师提供

从拉穆到房子，我们发现在沙滩上的小珊瑚石砖石房屋，创造了一个分散的城市模式。这种布局和材料用于布置卧室，这是房子里唯一完全封闭的空间，呈现出一种安全感和亲密感。

Arriving to the house from Lamu we find small coral stone masonry houses on the sandy beach creating a scattered urban pattern. This layout and material is used for the setting out of the bedrooms, the only fully enclosed spaces in the house, presenting a sense of security and intimacy.

在斯瓦希里建筑中，马库蒂屋顶被用作房屋屋顶上的结构，或作为临时建筑而独立。在这里，它已经扩大，以涵盖分散布局的房间在一个单独的空间，以遮阳和雨，在这个外部空间，你可以分享一个密切的联系，与自然。

In the Swahilli architecture the makuti  roof is used as a structure over the roof of the house or detached as a temporary construction. Here it has been enlarged to cover the dispersed layout of the rooms under a single space protecting from sun and rain, In this external spaces one can share a close connection with nature.

 Courtesy of Urko Sanchez Architects

乌尔科·桑切斯建筑师提供

为了满足客户的要求，改变了传统元素之间的关系。

The relation between the traditional elements has been altered to meet the client's requests.

Environment

整个设计和施工过程被设计成尽可能的生态友好型.使用开放空间的足迹可以避免砍伐红树林。

The whole design and construction process was engineered to be as eco-friendly as possible. The footprint using the open spaces avoids cutting down the mangroves.

 © Stevie Mann

C.Stevie Mann

使用纯体力劳动和木材和珊瑚石等当地材料确保该项目对环境的影响最小，碳足迹很低。当地的工匠们复杂地完成了传统的手工工作。

The use of purely manual labour and local materials such as timber and coral stone ensured that the project had minimal impact on the environment with a very low carbon footprint. Local craftsmen intricately completed the traditional handiwork.

 Courtesy of Urko Sanchez Architects

乌尔科·桑切斯建筑师提供

为了开发拉穆的晴天气候，该项目拥有两种不同的太阳能收集装置。太阳能热水器吸收阳光并利用能量加热水。这些太阳能热水器的优点是，在一天中的整个过程中，热水是按需提供的，而不会对环境造成负面影响。似乎只有同样的想法被纳入发电，因此，该项目也使用光伏电池提供电力的房子。

In order to exploit the sunny climate of Lamu, the project hosts two different solar energy collection devices. Solar water heaters absorb the sunlight and use the energy to heat water. The advantage of these solar heaters is that hot water is available on demand throughout the course of the day without negatively affecting the environment. It only seems right that the same idea is incorporated in generating power and thus the project also uses photovoltaic cells to provide electricity to the house.

与建筑过程一样，太阳能的使用也确保了建筑的运行也保持了非常低的碳足迹和最小的环境影响。

Like the construction process, the use of solar energy ensures that the running of the building also keeps a very low carbon footprint and minimal environmental impact.

 © Alberto Heras

阿尔贝托·赫拉斯

房子容纳了一个水塔，它利用重力将水输送到水龙头和淋浴处，并消除了对压力泵的需求。

The house accommodates a water tower that uses gravity to send water to the taps and showers and eradicates the need for a pressure pump.

Temperature control

拉穆白天和晚上都会变得很热。

Lamu can get very hot during both day and night.

采用被动通风方式。

Passive means of ventilation are used.

 Courtesy of Urko Sanchez Architects

乌尔科·桑切斯建筑师提供

交叉通风，有窗户或大型开放空间的迎风和李侧的建筑，允许气流穿越空间。这自然会使房间变凉。掠过大海的风会给房子带来凉爽的微风，而在这个过程中缺乏能源的使用使建筑变得非常可持续。

Cross ventilation by having windows or large open spaces on the windward and lee sides of the building allows airflow across the space. This naturally cools the room. Winds passing over the sea will bring a cool breeze into the house and the lack of energy usage in this process makes the building very sustainable.

 Longitudinal section, Elevation

纵断面、高程

使用的材料在保持建筑物凉爽方面起了一定作用。传统的马库蒂屋顶提供了一道遮阳屏障，也是一种很好的隔热材料。用于建筑的珊瑚石具有相同的质量，保持房间凉爽。

The materials used play a part in keeping the building cool. The traditional makuti roof provides a barrier from the sun and is also a good thermal insulator. The coral stones used for construction share the same quality keeping the rooms cool.