© Elker Azqueta

埃尔克·阿兹凯塔

先验条件

Prior Conditions

该项目是一个思想竞赛的结果，寻求城市退化空间的整合，通过为新广场创造一种特定的语言来赋予它一个特征和形象。干预前，因达徐广场是一个被居民回避的萧条空间。它被一条路分成两半。位于地下停车场和购物中心，对地下基础设施的反应很差。在新广场的项目中要执行的任务之一是将这一基础设施更新到当前的条例。

The project is the result of an ideas competition, seeking the integration of a degraded space in the city, giving it a character and image by creating a specific language for the new square. Before the intervention, Indautxu Square was a depressed space, avoided by residents. It was divided into two halves by a road. Located on an underground parking lot and a shopping arcade, it responded poorly to underground infrastructure. One of the tasks to be performed in the project for the new square was the update of this infrastructure to current regulations.

 © Elker Azqueta

埃尔克·阿兹凯塔

拟议中的城市插入

Proposed urban insertion

以行人为中心的城市规划方案有必要更换车辆。在穿过广场的三条车道中，只有两条变成行人，其余的仅限于公共交通。在广场的周边，街道上的人行道延伸到支持商店和外部露台。

It was necessary to replace the vehicle with the pedestrian as the center of the urban planning proposal. Two of the three lanes of the street crossing the square were turned into pedestrian only, the rest was restricted to public transport. Alongside the perimeter of the square, its streets saw their sidewalks extended to support shops and exterior terraces.

这个项目的场地几乎是正方形的。三面与街道接壤，第四面被建筑物所包围：一座住宅塔和卡门夫人教区，一座屋顶倾斜的建筑，这是我们为广场上必要的小型建筑所采用的特色。

The site for the project was almost square. Three sides bordered with streets, the fourth was bound by buildings: a housing tower and the parish of Our Lady of Carmen, a building whose roof is tilted, a feature that we would adopt for the small buildings necessary on the square.

我们为广场设计了两种类型的空间：一个主要用于社交活动、集市、舞蹈、展览的空间。另一个围绕着主空间，一个安静的空间，供散步和阅读。

We designed two types of spaces for the square: a main space for social events, fairs, dances, exhibitions... and the other around the main space, a quiet space for walking and reading.

 © Elker Azqueta

埃尔克·阿兹凯塔

组合设计

Compositional design

为了创造社交活动的空间，我们选择了直径40米的大中心圈的定义。在这个圈子里，可以举办工艺品、书籍、烹饪产品的交易会。为了支持这些活动，我们制造了一个四米宽的半透明玻璃和木冠，它环绕着大圆圈的整个周长。

To create the space for social events, we opted for the definition of a large central circle 40 meters in diameter. In this circle, fairs for crafts, books, culinary products can occur. To support these activities we generate a translucent glass and wood canopy more than four meters wide, that runs around the entire perimeter of the large circle.

正方形和中心圆圈之间的剩余空间变成了一个安静的空间。它不应该是一个开放的空间，它应该被植物占据在步行区域之间。为了做到这一点，我们创建了各种大小的圆形花园，类似于中央空间，散布在广场上，中心有一棵树。其中，创建了多条风景小径，让路过的人可以在任何方向漫步和穿越广场。

The remaining space between the perimeter of the square and the center circle becomes a quiet space. It should not be an open space, instead it should be occupied by vegetation in between the walking area. To do this, we create circular gardens of various sizes, mimetic with the central space, scattered throughout the square and with a tree at its center. Among them, multiple scenic paths are created, which allow strolls and crossing the square in any direction for those passing through.

 © Elker Azqueta

埃尔克·阿兹凯塔

这种向各个方向穿越的能力是影响项目定义的另一个重要意图：它作为城市广场的质量。这就造成了广场两端有三米高的跌落问题，我们不想使用影响行人路线的台阶或坡道。解决方案是开发一个具有不同斜率的连续曲面，这是通过将正方形中心的直线与周长上的点连接起来而产生的。

This ability to be traversed in all directions was another important intention affecting the definition of the project: its quality as urban square. This presented the problem of a drop between the ends of the square more than three meters high, and we did not want to use steps or ramps affecting pedestrian routes. The solution was to develop a continuous surface with varying slopes, generated by joining straight lines from the center of the square with points on the perimeter.

在由此产生的连续表面上，我们需要通过小规模的干预来设计各种性质非常多样化的设施，这些设施来自地下。广场的设施包括供商店和地下停车场使用的通风设施、新入口、电梯、楼梯、行人机械坡道、车辆通道坡道、公厕和一个环境分析站。

On the resulting continuous surface, we needed to design various facilities very diverse in nature, arising from underground, through small interventions. The facilities in the square included ventilation for shops and parking underground, new entrances, elevators, stairs, pedestrian mechanical ramps, vehicle access ramps, public toilets and a stand for environmental analysis.

 © Elker Azqueta

埃尔克·阿兹凯塔

一般结构特征

General construction characteristics

为了统一设计，我们开发了不同几何形状的棱镜，用玻璃和柚木建造在花岗岩基座上。我们把它们定位在广场的周长上，以尽量减少地面上的设施。这些棱镜的屋顶总是与卡门夫人教区的建筑有着陡峭的对话，这是一种更现代、更独特的城市环境建筑。

To unify the design, we developed prisms of different geometries, built in glass and teak on a granite base. We located them on the perimeter of the square to minimize facilities on the surface. The roofs of these prisms always have a steep pitch in dialogue with the architecture of the parish of Our Lady of Carmen, a more contemporary and unique reference of the built urban environment.

 © Elker Azqueta

埃尔克·阿兹凯塔

这些树木是大型中央圆圈周围的大型落叶树种：枫树和枫香，第二圈中的桦树，朱哈斯，红豆，波斯帕罗蒂亚和广场其余的各种常绿灌木。老树一年中叶子的颜色不同，其余的会随着季节的推移而保持植被。

The trees are large deciduous species around the large central circle: Maple and Liquidambar, birches in a second ring, Thujas, Yew, Persian Parrotias and various evergreen shrubs in the rest of the square. Older trees vary the color of their leaves during the year,  the rest will keep the vegetation with the passage of the seasons.

在照明方面，我们创造了三种不同高度的灯具：10米、8米和6米。这种照明将由地面上的另一个照明系统来补充，以指示“主要道路”，并照亮树梢的底部。灯具由底部的一个轴和一个叶状的上部结构组成，在夜间被LED灯照亮。每个灯具组符合不同的叶子。

In terms of lighting, we created luminaires with three different heights: 10, 8 and 6 meters. This lighting will be complemented by another lighting system on the ground designed to indicate the "main paths" and to light the bottom of the treetops. The luminaires consist of a shaft at the bottom and an upper structure in the shape of a leaf that is illuminated by LED lights at night. Each luminaire group conforms a different leaf.

他们在Inaddtxu广场上的组织遵循了树木共同的模式：在环绕圆圈的第一圈中，10米高的更高的灯具也包括直接聚焦于中心圆圈的公共活动的照明。第二环包括8米高的灯具，第三更远的圆包括6米高的灯具。第一个圆环的照明方向是正方形，而其余的则是它的周长。

Their organization on Indautxu Square follows a pattern common with the trees: in a first ring around the circle, the higher luminaires, 10 meters tall, also include lighting for public events focused directly at the center circle. The second ring includes the luminaires 8 meters tall, and the third, more distant circle, includes the luminaires 6 meters tall. The lighting of the first ring is directed toward the square whereas the rest light its perimeter.