© Julien Lanoo

朱利安·拉诺

架构师提供的文本描述。在向当地居民征求意见之后，环境保护和发展中心(环境中心)

Text description provided by the architects. After a call for ideas addressed to the local residents, the Maison de l’Environnement et du Développement Durable (Centre for the Environment & Sustainable Development) of the Hénin-Carvin Joint Urban Authority adopted the name Aquaterra. The facility is in the middle of a large park on the site of the former Drocourt coking plant. Founded in 1925, this was one of Europe’s largest coke production plants. After changes in the coal and steel industries in the late 20th century, the plant finally closed in 2002. All of the developments were quickly demolished, leaving just a large platform and some terrils (slag heaps). The marked, polluted ground and the slag heaps, mountains and hills, composed of inert but emblematic masses in this flat landscape, are the only relief visible from a long distance.

今天，建筑师和景观设计师有责任保存和恢复当地的集体记忆和遗产，但不与以前的工业活动有任何实际联系。为了避免成为博物馆，这个地区必须找到一个新的目的。生态被用来作为一种手段来调和当地人民和这个地方，他们已经失恋了。这一资源建设的目的是让游客了解环境问题。建筑师们把它设计成一个演示方案和一个真人大小的实验。通过Minergie认证，在原来的木砖皮和透镜形式的背后，它包含了确保良好做法和热舒适性的所有能源系统。

Today,architects and landscape designers have a duty to preserve and restore local collective memory and heritage, but without having any physical links with the former industrial activities. To avoid becoming a museum, this area must find itself a new purpose. Ecology is used as a means to reconcile the local people and this place, which have fallen out of love with each other. The aim of this resource building is to make visitors aware of environmental questions. The architects have designed it as a demonstrational scheme and a life-size experiment. With Minergie® certification, behind its original skin of wood bricks and its lens form, it contains all the energy systems that ensure good practices and thermal comfort.

渣堆底部的岛屿和人工湖

Islands and artificial lakes at the bottom of the slag heaps

Aquaterra是一个更大的公园项目的一部分：由Ilex景观设计公司设计的Parc des Iles(岛屿公园)。在这45公顷的土地上，该计划提出了一套岛屿和人工湖的方案，这些岛屿和人工湖由构成该地区的主要路线连接在一起。创造有趣的，深奥的自然，与想象和正常的实践相比较，公园颠倒了一个非常糟糕的地点的形象。

Aquaterra is part of a much larger park project: the Parc des Iles (Islands Park) designed by the Ilex landscape design firm. On the 45 hectare site, the scheme propose a play of islands and artificial lakes, linked together by the major routes that structure the area. Creating playful, esoteric nature, off-beat in relation to the imagination and normal practices, the park reverses the image of a site that is very badly marked.

水族馆象征着第二阶段的蜕变，被称为欧雷杜帕洛克，其中包括建筑物及其伴随的景观。它处于战略位置，建筑在发展的时空中占有举足轻重的地位。其镜头形式与整体设计相一致。

Aquaterra symbolisesthe second phase of the metamorphosis called L’Orée du Parc, which includes the building and its accompanying landscape. It is strategically located, and the building occupies a pivotal position in the time and space of the development. Its lens form is in harmony with the overall design.

 © Julien Lanoo

朱利安·拉诺

该建筑位于艾尔斯公园的西北部，是目前正在进行的各种城市规划、道路和景观美化项目的中心。Urbanité是欧罗班的计划，毗邻由典型矿区的小房子群组成的街区。连接是一项包括改善南北通道的计划，是不可或缺的环节。最后，或ée du Parc景观美化计划增加了矿渣堆的种植。

North-west of the Parc des Iles, the building is central to various urban planning, roads and landscaping projects currently in progress. Urbanité, Europan’s scheme, is adjacent to neighbourhoods made up of clusters of small houses that are typical of mining areas. Connexions, a scheme which consists in upgrading of the north-south access road, is the indispensable link. Lastly, the Orée du Parc landscaping scheme adds to planting of the slag heaps.

建筑是人与自然、工业历史与未来、城镇与景观关系的支撑点。

The building is the anchor point for the relationship between people and nature, between the industrial history and the future, and between the town and the landscape.

 © Julien Lanoo

朱利安·拉诺

资源建设

Resource building

Aquaterra是一种资源，用于教育和提高当地人民，特别是学童对所有环境问题的认识，并鼓励推广和广泛应用良好做法，如废物分类、可持续住房和废物所含能源。其中很大一部分是关于气候扰动的，这在炉渣堆的温暖地面上加速了异国植物和种子的盛开，这就很明显地说明了这一点。黑土和外来植物之间的对比创造了一个非凡的视觉场景，并提供了自然污染控制。

Aquaterra is a resource for educating and raising the awareness of the local people, particularly schoolchildren, concerning all environmental questions and encouraging the popularization and widespread application of good practices, such as waste sorting, sustainable housing, and waste embodied energy. A very large part is devoted to climate disturbance, which is spectacularly illustrated by the blooming of exotic plants and seeds accelerated by the warm ground of the slag heaps. The contrast between black soil and exotic plants creates an extraordinary visual scene as well as providing natural pollution control.

从新的风景中汲取灵感

Taking inspiration from a new landscape

该计划忠实于该公司的信念之一-按照这一信念-建筑必须像建筑周围的景观一样遵循景观-该计划从岛屿和人工湖的词汇中汲取了灵感。它的镜头形状设计在一个美化的高原，它很自然地符合该地点的几何形状，它本身就形成了一个岛屿。

Faithful to one of the Tectoniques firm’s convictions – according to which architecture must follow the landscape as much as the landscape accompanies the building – the scheme takes inspiration from the vocabulary of the islands and the artificial lakes. With its lens-shaped design on a landscaped plateau, it fits naturally into the geometry of the site, of which it forms an island in its own right.

 © Julien Lanoo

朱利安·拉诺

椭圆形是普遍的，有机的，慷慨的。它从所有方面向外开放，并在内部和外部之间提供极大的开放性和透明度。所有的空间开放到全景，圆形立面。在内部，这个简单的数字允许非常清晰的可读性，紧凑和经济的空间组织。这是一个突出的蝴蝶翼屋顶轮廓，其深浅的颜色使矿渣堆。

The oval form is universal, organic and generous. It opens outwards on all its sides and offers great openness and transparency between the inside and the outside. For all the spaces open onto a panoramic, circular façade. On the inside, this simple figure allows very clearly readable, compact and economic spatial organisation. It is accentuated by a butterfly wing roof profile whose dark colour recalls the slag heaps.

这座“向外看”的建筑是一个孤立的物体，很可能不会伴随或被城市发展所包围。因此，它必须在大的周边地区单独行动。椭圆形状的选择允许显示连续的外观，而不需要任何方向的层次结构。从所有的角度来看，一个相同的建筑形象。相反，从建筑的角度来看，无论是近处还是远处，从各个方向看都是相辅相成的。该计划及其建筑形式的首要目标，是将该地区集中及集中於单一地点的能力。

This “look-out” building is a solitary object that will most probably not be accompanied or surrounded by urban development. Therefore it must act alone, on the scale of the large surrounding area. The choice of the oval form allows a continuous façade to be displayed, without any hierarchy of the orientations. One same architectural image is seen from all viewpoints. Conversely, the views of the site from the building complement each other, both near and far, in all directions. This capacity for focussing and concentrating the area towards a single point is the prime objective of the scheme and its architectural form.

该建筑的规划分为两个半球：南面是公共接待的空间；北面是设施的“后台办公室”和公园的维修服务室。在南方，永久性和临时性的展览空间连接到一个包含一定数量环境特征的温室：种植的墙壁、雨水回收罐、木球锅炉和具有教育接口的光伏发电单元。

The building’s programme is separated into two hemispheres: On the south, the spaces for public reception; on the north, the facility’s “back office” and the park’s maintenance service rooms. On the south, permanent and temporary exhibition spaces are connected to a greenhouse that contains a certain number of environmental features: a planted wall, rainwater recovery tanks, a wood pellet boiler, and a photovoltaic power unit with an educational interface.

唤起工地工业遗产和突出生物资源材料的建筑选择

Construction choices that evoke the site’s industrial heritage and highlight bio-sourced materials

 © Julien Lanoo

朱利安·拉诺

从建筑的角度来看，建筑仍然忠实于构造运动的一般规律。它完全是用干结构建造的，是木材和金属混合而成的。它从网站上现有的元素中汲取灵感：沿着形成工业景观结构的长线排列的大型门户框架。受这一安排的启发，该项目由三条由标准工业型材组成的金属门式刚架组成。

From a construction viewpoint, the building remains faithful to Tectoniques’ usual precepts. It is built entirely with dry construction, in a mixed combination of wood and metal. It takes inspiration from existing elements on the site: large portal frames laid out along long lines that formed the structure of the industrial landscape. Inspired by this arrangement, the project is built from three lines of metal portal frames consisting of standard industrial profiled sections.

二级结构包括木箱结构，填充和绝缘的稻草包，为外墙和屋顶。使用生物材料的目的逻辑上导致优先使用木材(用于结构、内部饰面和外墙表面)，加上由短的生产和分销渠道生产的原产于植物的绝缘材料。

The secondary structure consists of timber boxed constructions, filled and insulated with straw bales, for the external walls and the roof. The aim of using bio-sourced materials logically led to giving priority to the use of wood (for the structure, the internal finishes and the facings of external walls), combined with insulation material of plant origin produced by a short production and distribution channel.

 © Julien Lanoo

朱利安·拉诺

椭圆的形状是在没有弯曲单元的情况下获得的，这太昂贵了，但是在小的建筑网格上有一系列的小的平面单元，这就产生了这个椭圆的面。外墙的表面是一种不寻常的材料，指的是当地的集体记忆：木砖。木材是用作固体成分，它是稳定的，净连接道格拉斯杉木.这些砖块固定在金属棒的框架上。所以这面墙可以从两方面看：从远处看，它像一堵砖墙；从近距离看，它是一种轻盈的，变化莫测的皮肤，就像窗帘一样。

The oval form was obtained without curved elements, which are too costly, but with a succession of small flat elements on small construction grids, which created the facets of this ellipse. The facing of the external walls is in an unusual material that refers to the local collective memory: the wood brick. Wood is used as a solid component; it is stabilised, net-linking Douglas Fir. The bricks are fixed on a framework of metal rods. So the wall is seen in two ways: from far away it looks like a wall of bricks, and from close up, it is a light, changing skin, like a curtain.

Minergie认证

Minergie® Certification

从生态足迹的角度来看，环境中心所在的建筑必须是模范建筑。首先，必须选择符合建筑伦理的建筑风格，设计方案必须以生物气候设计为基础。此外，必须使用可再生能源：太阳能和风能是生产能源的首选。

The building that houses the environmental centre must be exemplary from the viewpoint of its ecological footprint. Firstly, an architectural style must be chosen that complies with a constructive ethic, and the scheme must be based on bioclimatic design. Also, renewable forms of energy must be used: the sun and wind are preferred for producing energy.

这座建筑紧凑，隔热性好。它受益于一个良好的南面方面，同时被一个突出的百叶窗遮阳罩保护，其可变的悬垂为外墙提供太阳能保护和庇护。日光通过棚屋屋顶分布在建筑物的整个宽度中，这些屋顶也用于通风和换气。屋顶，被认为是教育的第五个正面，种植了广泛的(攀爬和向上生长)植物，它也支持光伏电池板。雨水被回收到用于给温室浇水和冲洗厕所的水箱中。所有空间的湿度和热环境都受到调节，内部空气的质量由双流通风装置控制。木球锅炉在冬季提供热舒适。两个风力发电机增加了光伏系统的能源生产。该网站特别多风，是一个著名的地方放风筝。

The building is compact and well insulated. It benefits from a good south-facing aspect, while being protected by an overhanging louvered sun-shield whose variable overhangs provide solar protection and shelter for the external walls. Daylight is distributed through the building’s entire width by the shed roofs, which are also used for ventilation and for air changes. The roof, which is considered to be an educational fifth facade, is planted with extensive (climbing and upward-growing) plants, and it also supports photovoltaic panels. Rainwater is recovered in tanks that are used for watering greenhouses and for flushing toilets. Humidity and thermal conditions are regulated in all spaces, and the quality of the internal air is controlled by a double-flow ventilation unit. A wood pellet boiler provides thermal comfort in winter. Two wind generators add to the photovoltaic systems for energy production. The site is particularly windy, and is a reputed spot for flying kites.

 © Julien Lanoo

朱利安·拉诺