© Liam Frederick Photography

连姆·弗雷德里克摄影

架构师提供的文本描述。图森山庄位于图森山脉东部冲积流内，这是一处缓缓向圣克鲁斯河倾斜的地形。由南部的大排水沟决定，这里的景观由地势低洼的基岩露头、沙瓜罗和桶形仙人掌、帕洛维尔德、奥科蒂洛、霍霍巴和杂酚油组成。

Text description provided by the architects. The Tucson Mountain Lava House is situated within the eastern alluvial flow of the Tucson Mountains, a terrain that falls gently toward the Santa Cruz River. Defined by a wide drainage to the south, the landscape is richly populated by low-lying bedrock outcroppings, saguaro and barrel cacti, palo verde, ocotillo, jojoba, and creosote. 

 Floor Plan

该网站提供了西部的图森山脉和东北部的圣塔卡塔利纳山脉的全景，偶尔还会被电线杆和附近的建筑所打断，以及北部一条行驶较少的道路上的汽车交通。正式的和以场地为基础的目标是将该结构锚定在现有的地质学中，并在现有水道和成熟的索诺兰沙漠植被之间编织空间，同时尽量减少空间内附近人类印记的可见性。

The site offers panoramic views of the Tucson Mountains to the west and the Santa Catalina Mountains to the northeast, views that are occasionally interrupted by power poles and neighboring structures, and by automobile traffic along a lightly-traveled road to the north. The formal and site-based objectives were to anchor the structure into the existing geology and to weave its spaces between existing water courses and mature Sonoran Desert vegetation, while minimizing the visibility of nearby human imprints from within the space.

 © Liam Frederick Photography

连姆·弗雷德里克摄影

这种构图是由一系列有意塑造和放置的主要向北向南的质量墙固定的，从外部看，这些墙赋予了从东到西的形式序列的节奏，以及从内部经历的被调制的空间序列。

The composition is anchored by a series of intentionally shaped and placed mass walls oriented primarily North to South, that give rhythm to the formal sequence from East to West as viewed from the exterior, and a modulated spatial sequence as experienced from within. 

 © Liam Frederick Photography

连姆·弗雷德里克摄影

这些分区致力于区分更多的公共空间和私人空间。聚集是为了最有效地保护建筑物免受午后夏令阳光的影响，同时也使人们看到南方排水的充分前景和东北广阔的景观。此外，围栏的完善植根于对南方排水弧线的反应。

These divisions work to differentiate the more public spaces from the private.  Massing is developed to best protect the structure from late afternoon summer sun while concurrently exposing one to the full prospect of the drainage to the South and the expansive landscape to the Northeast . Additionally, the enclosure’s refinement is rooted in a response to the arc of the drainage to the South.  

墙内有漂浮的水平屋顶平面，提供遮阳处，有助于远眺。外部空间被占领在宽阔的悬垂之下，由低挡土墙进一步界定，将室内室外空间与本土景观隔开。将住宅置于排水边缘之上，整个空间体验的特点是前景植被向北的包围和向南方排水的高度前景之间的对比。

Held within the walls are floating horizontal roof planes, offering harboring shade which aid in the framing of distant views.  Exterior spaces are captured under the broad overhangs and further defined by low retaining walls, dividing domestic outdoor space from the native landscape.  By placing the residence above the edge of the drainage, the spatial experience throughout is characterized by a contrast between the enclosure of foreground vegetation to the North and an elevated prospect over the drainage to the South.

 © Liam Frederick Photography

连姆·弗雷德里克摄影

这座住宅标志着在开发焦炭作为一种大众材料方面向前迈出的重要一步，在这种情况下，是用来定义建筑围护结构的。它的锚固墙是由亚利桑那州北部旧金山火山田开采的碎火山灰和一小部分水泥混合而成的。一种相对干燥的混合物，焦油浇铸比传统的混凝土模板需要更少的支撑。因此，它可以用更少的时间和更少的成本来创建一个健壮的、富有表现力的大规模外壳。在电梯中浇铸，墙壁被加固并被热破坏。硬绝缘板被浇铸到墙内，偏重于外部，将内部热团与外部环境的热条件隔离开来，这是解决干旱地区白天温度变化的一个关键组成部分。一旦材料设置，形式被移除，完成的墙壁是“修饰”与一个轻喷砂，以揭示其原始的，沉积性质。然后密封，以确保防潮。

This residence marks a significant step forward in the development of scoria as a mass material, in this case used to define the building envelope. Its anchoring walls are cast monolithically with a mixture of crushed volcanic cinder quarried from the San Francisco volcanic fields in northern Arizona and a small percentage of cement. A relatively dry mixture, scoria casting requires less bracing than a conventional concrete formwork. It can therefore be used to create a robust and expressive mass enclosure in less time and at less cost. Cast in lifts, walls are reinforced and thermally broken. Sheets of rigid insulation are cast into the walls, biased to the exterior to isolate interior thermal mass from the thermal conditions of the exterior environment, a critical component when addressing the diurnal temperature variation in arid lands. Once the material has set, forms are removed and the finished wall is “dressed” with a light sandblasting to reveal its raw, sedimentary quality. It is then sealed to ensure moisture repellency.

将焦用于暴露的地质墙一直是该产品的主要发明者、LAVAClinton的Paul Schwam和Paul Weiner的Paul Weiner之间正在进行的协作。图森山熔岩屋是值得注意的，因为它在形成复杂的烧焦特征方面的进步，包括背对背的防火箱，滑动门和其他组件的整体凹槽，以及一个穿孔的孔网，它不仅揭示了墙的厚度，而且提供了日光和故意模糊的景观。蝎子的地质和地理起源，以及它的质量和质地，为连接沙漠居民的共同愿望提供了显著的可能性-与地球的联系、对周围和遥远景观的广阔视野的接触以及安静、受保护的避难所。

The use of scoria for exposed geological walls has been an ongoing collaboration between the product’s primary inventor Paul Schwam of LAVAcrete, and Paul Weiner of the Paul Weiner | DesignBuild Collaborative. The Tucson Mountain Lava House is noteworthy for its advancements in forming complex scoria features, including back-to-back fireboxes, integral recesses for sliding doors and other components, and a perforated grid of apertures that not only reveals the thickness of the wall, but also provides daylight and intentionally obscured views into the landscape. The geologic and geographic origins of scoria as well as its mass and texture offer salient possibilities for bridging common desires of desert dwellers—connection to the earth, exposure to vast views of the surrounding and distant landscape and quiet, protected refuge. 

Architects Paul Weiner | DesignBuild Collaborative

Location Pima County, United States

Category Houses

Architect in Charge Paul Weiner

Design Team Paul Weiner, Paul Reimer

Area 2600.0 ft2

Project Year 2013

Photographs Liam Frederick Photography