80 Viviendas De Protección Oficial En Salou Toni Gironès

2014-05-22 01:00

架构师提供的文本描述。Salou是Tarragona南部加泰罗尼亚海岸的一个市镇。距离海岸地带25公里处，平行出现在SerradePrades，山高超过1.000米。当来自海洋的水蒸气遇到这些山脉时，它就会被迫上升，失去温度并凝结成降水。水通过山脉陡峭的斜坡向下下降；它调节着流过一些山谷的速度，再一次被分配到不同的洪流中，流向大海，覆盖着肥沃的平原。这一周期得益于地形，是该地区农业生产的特点。因此，这一景观以其所提供的资源沿着领土延伸，并加以调整和解释，使之具有不同尺度的意义。

Text description provided by the architects. Salou is a municipality in the Catalan coast of the South of Tarragona. 25 km far from the littoral zone emerges in parallel the Serra de Prades, with hills above 1.000 meters high. When water vapour coming from the sea meets these mountains it is forced to rise, losing temperature and condensing into precipitation. Water descends through the mountains’ steep slopes; it regulates its velocity passing across some valleys and is distributed, once more, into different torrents towards the sea, which cover the fertile plain. Profiting from orography, this periodic cycle has characterized agricultural production of the site. As a consequence, this landscape extends along the territory with the resources it is provided, which it adapts and interprets, by giving sense to that in different scales.

 © José Hevia

(JoséHevia)

农业模式的逻辑及其与自然周期的相互作用与城市增长模式的抑制形成鲜明对比。从他们的观点来看，领土是要建立的物理空间，正式的结果通常是对强加的处置作出反应。委员会面前的竞争要求设计位于Salou最北端的80套社会住房公寓。最初被认为是一个新的城市网格，突出在先前存在的农田，新的地方起源于广泛的分配，其中包括孤立的房屋，正交排列。

The logic of the agricultural model and its interaction with natural cycles contrasts with the inhibition of urban growth models. From their point of view, territory is a physical space to be established, and the formal result usually responds to an imposed disposition. The competition before the commission asked for a design of 80 social housing apartments located in the extreme North of Salou. Originally thought to be a new urban mesh which stands out on pre-existing agricultural plots, the new place originates from the wide allotments that contain isolated houses, orthogonally arranged.

规划规则定义了两个相等的街区，在其中一个地块的角落，必须与新的公园接触。每个区块占据了15x52米的面积，并在内部部分实现了有利的太阳方向。

Planning rules defined two equal blocks in the corner of one of the plots which had to be in contact with the new park. Each one of the blocks occupied an area of 15x52 meters and accomplished favourable solar orientation in the interior portion.

考虑到先前的前提，这些前提质疑孔隙度和与环境的相互作用的概念，并选择一个允许快速城市增长的更不渗透的区域，该提案对中间空间、过渡和阈值…提出了疑问。就像建立连续性和不停滞的桥梁或纽带，试图在概念上显着地打开不同现实之间的界限。

Taking into account the previous premises, which question concepts of porosity and interaction with the environment and opt for a more impermeable territory that permits a quick urban growth, the proposal wonders about the intermediary spaces, the transitions, the threshold… like a bridge or a link to establish continuity and no stagnation, trying to open significantly and conceptually the limits between different realities.

 © José Hevia

(JoséHevia)

因此，该项目提出了一种具有多种干预尺度的模式，该模式通过建立一种支持和贴近用户实际的体系结构思想来发展其关系礼仪的社会住房计划。

Consequently, the project proposes a pattern with various intervention scales, with a social housing program which develops its relationship proprieties, by building an architecture thought as a support and close to users’ reality.

所有四层楼的每层都有十套公寓，因此其中三栋向后倾斜，其余七层则与街道成一条直线。因此，该街区被分为两个部分，并设计了街角以及屋内和外部的关系。

All four-story buildings contain ten apartments on each floor, so that three of them turn towards the backside and the other seven are aligned with the street. As a result, the block is divided into two parts and it designs the corners and the relationships between interior and external sides of the housing estate.

一条微弱的斜坡将地面与地面隔开，允许进入停车场的自然光线和空气。在这片坡地和金银花覆盖的地板上种植了一片杨树林，这样，在夏季，它可以提供一个避暑处，避开西边的太阳，同时允许该地区习惯性的米斯特拉尔风吹来冷却大气。

A faint slope separates the ground floors from the terrain, permitting the entrance of natural light and air in the parking area. In this sloping and honeysuckle covered floor a poplar grove is planted, so that, during the summer, it can provide a shelter from the sun of west while allowing the habitual Mistral wind blows in the region to cool the atmosphere.

 © José Hevia

(JoséHevia)

同时，入口和社区空间被视为关系空间，住宅与外部空间之间的中间地带。因此，我们可以将人行道设想为一个过渡单元，其中波纹钢网响应程序的需要(栏杆、格子、阳台、滴灌…)。随着或多或少的密度，允许蔬菜定居与杨树，以刷新一些空间，将更多地欣赏他们的方向在温暖的季节。

At the same time, entries and community spaces are perceived as relationship spaces, intermediate zones between the dwellings and the external space. Therefore, we can conceive the walkway as a transition element, where a corrugated steel mesh responds to the program needs (railings, trellis, balconies, drop by drop irrigation…) with more or less density, allowing vegetable colonisations coupled with poplars in order to refresh some spaces which will be more appreciated for their orientation in the warm seasons.

预算是通过只提出一种类型的住宅，这是围绕一个集中潮湿地区和设施集中的中央空间来优化的。这些住宅随后分为两个不同的部分：1)入口、厨房、餐厅、客厅和2)两间卧室和浴室，包括洗衣区。

The budget is optimized by presenting only one type of dwelling, which is articulated around a central space where wet areas and installations are concentred. These dwellings are subsequently divided into two different parts: 1) entry, kitchen, dining room, living room and 2) two bedrooms and bathroom including the washing area.

 Floor Plan

这是一个公寓，它利用两个相反的方向，它勾勒出横向序列的空间：人行道，房屋和露台，提供多功能性和适应与使用和气候环境。这些空间之间的转换考虑了它们在空间、光和温度方面的自身条件。因此，我们认为住宅是多孔的和经过的，作为一个元素，协调私人和公共外部空间之间的关系。它由走道上的较小的洞组成，可使空气、光线和控制视野；通向露台的开口较宽，由三部分组成：台阶、长凳和栏杆，可以支撑桌子的两个可能的位置。露台，扩大了房子的空间，提供了阴影和透明度，暗示了一些被动的气候控制系统。

It is an apartment which takes advantage of two opposite orientations and it outlines a transversal sequence of spaces: walkway, house and terrace that provide versatility and adaptation tied to the use and climatic circumstances. The transition between these spaces contemplates their own condition regarding space, light and temperature. Consequently, we consider the dwelling to be porous and passing, as an element which coordinates the relationship between private and public external spaces. It consists of smaller holes in the walkway which canalize air, light and which control views; a wider opening towards the terrace, consisting of three parts: a step, a bench and a parapet which permit a support of two possible positions of the table. The terrace, which extends the space of the house, provides shadows and transparencies suggesting some passive systems of climatic control.

最后，该方案以简单、经济、低维护的材料和谨慎的处置和执行为基础。材料展示了它们的方式和对任何特定功能的反应，能够随着时间的推移而同步发展，根据建筑条件，并接受生命的力量，这是习惯性的，比任何预期的计划都占优势。

Finally, the proposal is built with simple, economic and low-maintenance materials and a careful disposition and execution. Materials are shown the way they are and respond to any specific functions, being able to evolve synchronically as time goes by, according to architectural conditions and accepting that life power, the unexpected that becomes habitual, prevails more than any expected planning.