© Michel Denancé

c.Michel Denancé

架构师提供的文本描述。一、问题和挑战

Text description provided by the architects. I - Problems and challenges

在巴黎第15区的前H pital Boucicaut(Boucicaut医院)所在地是一个不寻常的飞地，在其他地区是相当多样化的。医院在使用、组织和架构方面形成了一个统一的街区。该部门的城镇规划师PaulChemetov提出的城市发展项目，与周边环境相比，坚持了内部统一的概念。围绕这一地区的建筑风格非常不同，主要可以追溯到19世纪和20世纪。相比之下，该城市项目提出了一系列稳定的色彩(没有白色的混凝土和对兵马俑的偏爱)和天然材料的严格组织结构，所有这些都属于一种保持原有住宅特征的历史连续性。

The site of the former Hôpital Boucicaut (Boucicaut Hospital) in Paris’s 15th arrondissement is an unusual enclave within a district that is otherwise quite diverse. The Hospital formed a uniform block in terms of use, organisation and architecture. The urban development project proposed by the sector’s town planner Paul Chemetov, maintains this notion of an internal uniformity, in contrast with the immediate surroundings. Very different styles of architecture exist in the district surrounding the sector, mainly dating from the 19th and 20th centuries. By contrast, the urban project proposes a rigorous organisation of blocks arranged together in a series of steady colours (no white concrete and a preference for terracotta) and natural materials, all falling within a sort of historic continuity that preserves the original residential character.

 © Takuji Shimmura

(C)Shimmura Takuji

该项目显然属于Boucicaut地区，旨在加强其独特的建筑特色。对材料和颜色的选择、立面开口的节奏、房屋与外部的关系以及公共空间的性质，一直都是考虑到这一点的。

The project clearly belongs to the Boucicaut district, seeking to strengthen its special architectural character. The choice of materials and colours, the rhythm of openings in the facades, the relations the housing maintains with the exterior and the nature of the public spaces, have always been planned with this in mind.

 Master Plan

二.总体布局

 II – General layout

巴黎救援队(RIVP)提出的方案由三个非常不同的实体组成。在一楼，国家电影中心的一个分支机构-国家电影中心(CNC-国家电影中心)-的一个分支机构-法院Métrage(短片局)；为移徙工人提供的49套工作室公寓；以及57个社会住房单元。整个建筑面积约为6，500平方米。这三个方案是在Cévennes街南侧的“U”型建筑内布置的，该大楼坐落在地下室，里面有法新社。塞文尼斯街很窄，在它的南部人行道上，有一栋七层楼的建筑，整天遮挡着阳光：一年中的大部分时间里，它都把对面的所有立面都放在阴凉处。位于“U”中心的庭院使阳光和光线尽可能地穿透建筑物的中心。

The programme proposed by the Régie Immobilière de la Ville de Paris (RIVP) comprises three very distinct entities. On the ground floor, the Agence du Court Métrage (Short Film Agency), an offshoot of the Centre National de la Cinématographie (CNC - National Film Centre); 49 studio apartments for migrant workers; and 57 units of social housing. The whole represents a space of approximately 6,500 m2. The three programmes are laid out within the “U”-shaped building facing the south side of rue des Cévennes, set on the basement that contains the Agence du Court Métrage. The rue des Cévennes is narrow and lined on its southern pavement by a building of seven floors which screens the sun throughout the day: it places all the facades opposite in the shade for most of the year. The courtyard opened in the middle of the “U”makes the sun and the light penetrate the heart of the building as far as possible.

 © Michel Denancé

c.Michel Denancé

为移徙工人设立的公寓有自己的独立入口，很容易在街道上看到；它的运作不以任何方式干扰其他方案。一条通道贯穿整个街区，连接着塞文尼斯街和未来的人行横道。这条通道提供了通往宿舍大堂的通道，这些大厅围绕着两个楼梯井。法新社及其小型电影院(42个座位)作为独立单元设在大楼底层，可从塞文内斯街和拉科德尔街的拐角处独立出入。尽管完全集成到整个结构中，但它的功能与其他操作无关。

The appartements for migrant workers have their own independent entrance easily seen fron the street; its functioning does not interfere in any way with the other programmes. A passageway runs through the block, linking the rue des Cévennes and the future pedestrian walkway. This passage provides access to the lobbies of the accommodation, which are arranged around two stairwells. The Agence du Court Métrage and its small cinema (42 seats) are located as a seperate unit on the building’s ground floor, with independant access from the corner of rue des Cévennes and rue Lacordaire. Highly visible and identifiable, despite being completely integrated into the whole structure, it functions independently of the rest of the operation.

 © Michel Denancé

c.Michel Denancé

整个一楼都高于街道的水平，以保护它免受任何水浸的危险。因此，房屋的大堂大约比街道高出50厘米。通往门厅的人行横道非常缓缓的坡度(约2%)使人们很容易克服这种水平的变化。

The whole of the ground floor is raised above street level to protect it from any risk of flooding. The lobbies of the housing are thus approximately 50 cm above the level of the street. The very gentle slope of the pedestrian walkway leading to the foyers(approximately 2%) makes it easy to overcome this change of level.

 Floor Plan

三.方案

III – The programmes

家庭住房

 The family housing

进入社会住房是从该单元中心的步行道。这是一条私人通道，两端都有控制入口的门。

Access to the social housing is from the pedestrian walkway at the centre of the unit. This is a private passage, with gates at either end controlling access.

 © Takuji Shimmura

(C)Shimmura Takuji

从塞文尼斯街升起的斜坡缓缓地向两个大厅倾斜，两个大厅的位置是相反的。高层建筑布局紧凑合理。公寓安排在两座楼梯井周围：一座通往34间公寓，另一座23间，共有57间六层公寓。这些公寓中的绝大多数都面临着不同的方向(对面的双方向，角落的公寓，俯瞰露台)。每一层都提供各种各样的公寓，以鼓励社会和代际混合(大家庭和小家庭)。这些公寓一般都是单层公寓，除了四套五室公寓被安排为复式公寓外，这些公寓还得益于公寓上层的私人露台。每层楼的着陆都得益于自然照明。

The rising slope from rue des Cévennes leads gently towards the two lobbies, laid out opposite one to each other. On the upper floors, the layout is compact and rational. The apartments are arranged around the two stairwells: one provides access to 34 apartments, the other 23, for a total of 57 apartments on six floors. The great majority of these apartments face different directions (double orientation on facadesopposite, corner apartments, overlooking patios). Each floor offers a wide variety of apartments to encourage a social and inter-generational mix (large and small families). The apartments are generally single-storey, except four five-room apartments arranged as duplex, which also benefit from a private terrace on the upper floor of the apartment. The landings on each floor all benefit from natural lighting.

 Floor Plan

只有六套有私人露台的公寓。其他人可以进入五楼的露台，那里布置成一个悬挂花园。这一梯田可以很容易到达所有的租户和直接服务的两个电梯在两个楼梯井。这座花园提供了一个阳光明媚的绿色植物区，住户们可以在这里放松和社交。从花园里可以看到埃菲尔铁塔，那里提供了一个在巴黎共同生活的乐趣变得真实的地方。一个广阔的“海滩”的木材面对太阳，并提供了一个地方，在其中设置甲板椅子和阳伞。盆栽中的小树也被规划好了。在露台上，喷泉提供了一个令人耳目一新的景观，孩子们可以在那里玩水。

There are only six apartments with a private terrace. The others have access to the terrace on the fifth floor laid out as a hanging garden. This terrace can be easily reached by all the tenants and is directly served by the two lifts in the two stairwells. The garden offers a sunny and planted green area, in which tenants can relax and socialise. The Eiffel Tower can be seen from the garden which offers a place where the pleasure of living together, in Paris, becomes real. A broad “beach”in wood faces the sun and offers a place in which to set out deck chairs and parasols. Small trees in pots are also planned. A fountain provides a refreshing sight on the terrace, where children can play with water.

 Courtesy of Michel Guthmann

米歇尔·古斯曼(Michel Guthmann)

所有房间都安装了大窗户，突出了室内和室外之间的联系。这些窗户包括一个宽阔的木头和金属框架。栏杆是70厘米高，而不是通常的100厘米，由于一个额外的小玻璃栏杆。所有的窗户都装有木制的滑动和折叠的百叶窗，用来遮挡太阳或关闭窗户。这些百叶窗是由来自欧洲的天然落叶松制成的。外部框架是铝，涂有与正面相同的颜色，这是一种灰褐色的兵马俑色调。客厅的窗户特别大，突出了呆在家里的舒适和快感。

All the rooms are fitted with large windows highlighting the link between indoors and outdoors. These windows include a broad wood and metal frame. The balustrade is 70 cm high instead of the usual 100 cm, thanks to an additional small glass balustrade. All the windows are fitted with wooden sliding and folding shutters which serve to block out the sun or close off the window. These shutters are made of natural larch from European sources. The external frame is aluminium, painted the same colour as the facade, which is a greyish-brown terracotta tone. The windows are extra-large in the living rooms highlighting the comfort and pleasure of being at home.

 © Takuji Shimmura

(C)Shimmura Takuji

这座建筑以一种统一的方式呈现为一块，在窗框旁的各个方向纵横交错。然而，为了满足建筑师/城市规划师的愿望，根据他们面对的方向来区分立面，墙的表面更光滑、更暗、更光滑，面朝东北和西北，而面向东南和西南的墙壁则是粗糙、光亮和无光的，这些墙都是朝向太阳的。窗户在厚厚的框架中的位置，加上遮阳百叶窗的存在和位置，也使得区分正面成为可能。在拉科代尔街和塞文尼斯街的拐角处，一堆很大的街角窗户和上面的天际线的特殊处理，创造了一个特殊的建筑特色，强调了这个角落。

The building appears as a block cut in a uniform manner, criss-crossed in every direction by the window-frames. However, in order to satisfy the architect/urban planner’s desire to differentiate the facades according to the direction they face, the surface of the walls is smoother, darker and glossy on walls facing north-east and north-west, and rough, light and matt on walls facing south-east and south-west, which are turned towards the sun. The position of the window in its thick frame, together with the presence and position of the sun-shading shutters also make it possible to differentiate the facades. On the corner of rue Lacordaire and rue des Cévennes, the stack of very large corner windows and a special treatment of the skyline in the upper volume creates a special architectural feature which, emphasises this corner.

 © Michel Denancé

c.Michel Denancé

移徙工人招待所：

The hostel for migrant workers:

外来务工人员招待所结构紧凑、合理、技术简单、经济。它由一座七层的垂直建筑组成，完全独立于结构的其余部分。每层有七间工作室，由一系列的小空间组成，鼓励租户之间平静地同居。

The hostel for migrant workers is compact and rational, technically simple and economical. It consists of a vertical building of seven floors, completely independent of the rest of the structure. Each floor has seven studios, comprising a series of small spaces encouraging a calm cohabitation between tenants.

 Floor Plan

每个工作室都有一个大窗口，用于社交住宅：厚厚的框架，低矮的窗台，外部遮阳百叶窗。因此，这一单元的建筑处理没有明显的差别，因此将避免任何污名化的风险，尽管这两个方案的总体布局显然是分开的。

Each studio has a large window of the sort used for the social housing: thick frame, low ledge, external sun-shading shutters. There is thus no appreciable difference in the architectural treatment of this unit, which will thus avoid any risk of stigmatisation despite a general layout that clearly separates the two programmes.

 © Michel Denancé

c.Michel Denancé

一楼的社区空间位于花园旁的住所下面，专供招待所使用；它包括已保存的现有的优良雪松。

The community spaces on the ground floor are located beneath the lodgings along the garden, which is for the exclusive use of the hostel; it includes the existing fine cedar that has been preserved.

 © Takuji Shimmura

(C)Shimmura Takuji

最高法院(ACM)

The Agence du Court Métrage (ACM)

法新社的空间安排在42个小电影院座位周围，这是该单位的活生生的心脏。电影院周围有一条宽阔的环形走廊，分布着其他各种空间，所有这些都提供了充足的自然光线。大会议室和餐厅/自助餐厅通往贯穿大楼的通道。在白色和灰色的和谐中微妙的色彩发挥，加上一些明亮的色彩，创造了一个舒适和愉快的工作环境。

The spaces of Agence du Court Métrage are arranged around a small cinema seating 42, which constitutes the living heart of the unit. A broad ring-shaped corridor around the cinema distributes the various other spaces, all offering plenty of natural light. The large conference room and canteen/cafeteria open on to the passageway cutting across the building. A subtle play of colours in the harmonies of white and greys, rounded off with a few touches of bright colour, create a comfortable and convivial working environment.

Architects Michel Guthmann

Location 81 Rue des Cévennes, 75015 Paris, France

Category Apartments

Design Team Michel Stéphanie Appert, Olivier Barthe, Valentin Bourdon, Bénédicte Caspar, Amélie Jonville, Céline Motte-Moitroux, Samuel Reist, Oona Savransky

Area 6500.0 sqm

Project Year 2013

Photographs Michel Denancé , Takuji Shimmura