Topo House Johnsen Schmaling Architects

2014-06-05 01:00

 © John J. Macaulay

c.John J.Macaulay

架构师提供的文本描述。Topo House坐落在威斯康星州“无河地区”的无冰川景观中，这是一个有着轻柔起伏的小山和狭长峡谷的地区。根据早期的概念研究，将遗址独特的地形解释为一系列折叠的平行平面，这座房子形成了一个低矮的、部分淹没的建筑体积，它有一个非常详细的铜屋顶平面，它会慢慢地从地面上剥离出来，并将相邻的田野作为绿色的地毯延伸到房屋的下部。

Text description provided by the architects. The Topo House sits in the unglaciated landscape of Wisconsin’s “Driftless Region,” an area with softly rolling hills and tight ravines. Based on early conceptual studies interpreting the site’s distinct topography as a series of folded parallel planes, the house forms a low-slung, partially submerged building volume with a meticulously detailed copper roof plane that slowly peels itself up from the ground and extends the adjacent fields as a green carpet over the lower portion of the house.

 © John J. Macaulay

c.John J.Macaulay

该项目展示了一座建筑如何真正地与其环境融合，模糊了景观与建筑、自然与构造之间的界限。

The project demonstrates how a building can literally merge with its context, blurring the boundaries between landscape and architecture, between nature and tectonics.

 © John J. Macaulay

c.John J.Macaulay

Organization

该方案是组织在两个交错酒吧，总面积为3，300 SF。从建筑体积中雕刻出来的小型外部庭院创造了一个无定形的脚印，其模糊的周长被连续的铜屋顶带状带标准化，逐渐上升，并最终在朝南的大露台上形成一个戏剧性的悬臂。

The program is organized in two staggered bars with a total area of 3,300 sf. Small exterior courtyards carved out of the building volume create an amorphous footprint whose ambiguous perimeter is normalized by the continuous copper roof ribbon, which gradually rises and ultimately terminates in a dramatic cantilever over the large south-facing vista terrace.

 Floor Plan

庭院-一个覆盖，另两个向天空开放-作为遮蔽的室外房间，提供保护，以抵御该地区的强风和不断变化的风。在内部，房间相互连接，形成一个连续的空间曲流，可以追踪遗址的地形：这个程序分布在五个单独的楼板上，每个板块与下一个板块分开几步，从最低海拔的入口一直延伸到顶部的一个小天文台。

The courtyards – one covered, the other two open to the sky – function as sheltered outdoor rooms that provide protection against the area’s strong and ever-changing winds. On the inside, rooms are interconnected to create a continuous spatial meander that traces the site’s topography: the program is distributed on five individual floor plates, each one of them separated from the next by several steps, creating a progression through the house that leads from the entry at the lowest elevation to a small observatory at the top.

 © John J. Macaulay

c.John J.Macaulay

Building Envelope

呼应风吹过周围草原的农作物和草时所发生的剧烈的表面变形，建筑表皮-一个高性能的通风雨幕系统-由190个单独形状的黑色阳极化铝翅片组织而成，这些铝片具有相关的收缩和膨胀形状。

Echoing the dramatic surface deformations that occur when wind blows over the crops and grasses of the surrounding prairie, the building skin – a high-perfomance ventilated rainscreen system with concrete fiber panels – is organized by 190 individually shaped black-anodized aluminum fins of interrelated contracting and expanding shapes.

 © John J. Macaulay

c.John J.Macaulay

根据一天中的时间和观察它们的角度，鳍制造出一个不断变化的面纱，其移动的几何图形颠覆了房子本身的体积纯度。雨幕系统是由纹理的浇铸混凝土墙补充，其深的，随机间隔显示并列的垂直鳍一致的节奏。

Depending on the time of the day and the angle from which they are viewed, the fins create a constantly changing veil whose shifting geometry subverts the volumetric purity of the house itself. The rainscreen system is complemented by textured cast-in-place concrete walls whose deep, randomly spaced reveals juxtapose the consistent rhythm of the vertical fins.

 © John J. Macaulay

c.John J.Macaulay

Sustainability

房子完全是由一个封闭的地热系统加热和冷却的；夏季的机械冷却负荷是最小的，因为狭窄的建筑足迹和阴凉的庭院有利于高度的交叉通风。采用大豆基封闭式泡沫保温，通风雨幕墙R值达到35.屋内较低部分的屋顶植被，使雨水流量降至最低，并进一步提高了围护结构的热性能。

The house is entirely heated and cooled by a closed-loop geothermal system; mechanical cooling loads in the summer are minimal because the narrow building footprint and the shaded courtyards facilitate a high degree of cross-ventilation. Using soy-based closed-cell foam insulation, the ventilated rainscreen walls achieve an R-value of 35. The vegetated roof over the lower portion of the house minimizes stormwater run-off and further increases the envelope’s thermal performance.

 Axonometric

剩余的雨水会被转移到雨中，在那里它会慢慢地渗透到地下。在内部，循环热水系统和低流量固定装置将耗水量降到最低.周围的景观是自然的，并利用了有限的调色板，耐旱的本土草，砾石，和可渗透的摊铺机。

Remaining stormwater is diverted into raingardens, where it can slowly percolate into the ground. Inside, a re-circulating hot water system and low-flow fixtures reduce water consumption to a minimum. The landscape around the building is left natural and utilizes a restrained palette of drought-resistant native grasses, gravel, and permeable pavers.