© Olivier Wogenscky

C.奥利维尔·沃根斯基

第三位老师。Reggio Emilia方法是一种教育哲学，认为儿童是通过与成年人(父母和教师)、与同龄人的接触，以及与其物质环境，即被称为“第三教师”的接触而发展起来的。

The third teacher. The Reggio Emilia Approach is an educational philosophy that considers that children develop through contact with adults (parents and teachers), with their peers and, lastly, with their physical environment, known as the “third teacher”.

洛姆是一个典型的20世纪小镇。该镇的布局是由工业革命及其带来的社会进步、二战期间的轰炸以及最近在法国北部造成巨大损失的经济衰退决定的。这是一个杂乱无章的工厂，废弃的铁路土地，梯田房屋，主要的屋和公共基础设施，以社会为主要用途。洛姆市议会决定用一个小的公民中心取代公园边缘的一家旧工厂，那里有一个在战争和新的多媒体图书馆之间建造的社会教育中心。发展的第一阶段是儿童保育中心。该遗址历史悠久，受到邻近的砖房和附近公园里的百年老树的影响。如何在遗址的工业历史、树木茂密的公园和这些如此典型的里尔及其周围的砖头城镇房屋之间建立联系？如何将当地的小型设施纳入正在进行彻底改造的地点，作为尚未完成的城市发展计划的一部分？

Lomme is a typical 20th century town. The town’s layout was shaped by the industrial revolution and the social progress it brought, bombing during World War II and, latterly, the economic recession that has taken such a heavy toll in northern France. It is a patchwork of factories, disused railway land, terraced houses, major housing estates and public infrastructure for predominantly social use. Lomme town council decided to replace a former factory on the edge of a park, which contains a socio-educational centre built between the wars and the new multimedia library, with a small civic centre. The first stage in the development is a childcare centre. The site is steeped in history and is greatly influenced by the neighbouring brick buildings and the hundred-year-old trees in the nearby park. How to forge links between the site’s industrial past, the wooded park and these brick town houses so typical of Lille and its surroundings? How to integrate a small local facility into a site undergoing radical transformation as part of an as yet unfinished urban development plan?

 © Olivier Wogenscky

C.奥利维尔·沃根斯基

Minimalism?

Minimalism?

作为一个相当模糊的城市规划的第一步，儿童保育中心挖掘了园区不变的元素，如公园百年的老树、林荫大道、附近的砖房以及园区的工业历史。我们的解决方案是残酷中立的。这个街区宽30米，长60米，高4.2米。下半部是玻璃，上半部是用氧化钢做的。玻璃反射街道、公园和附近小区的杂草，有时，视光线和视角而定，似乎几乎消失了，使之看起来像是被氧化的钢铁漂浮在空气中一样。从林荫大道上看，这个巨大的水平街区，有着淡淡的光泽，看上去就像公园的古树躺在上面一样，就像静物之下的表面。它还能保护公园免受林荫大道的噪音和视觉污染。氧化的钢铁回荡着附近房屋的砖块，让人想起原来工厂的长墙，并在公园后面点燃了湿透的泥土和树皮的色彩。下面的玻璃部分细分为盲区，包括服务设施和私人区域。上部的氧化钢部分包含建筑物的技术神经系统.它的底面被雕刻，以创造不同大小的空间，以满足不同的目的。由于对隔壁建筑的预期，屋顶被设计成一个大型的太阳甲板。技术特征隐藏在干燥区域，其中覆盖着金属光栅。这个高的，氧化的钢盒子实际上变成了托儿所的屋顶，统一和保护它。

As the first step in a rather vague urban plan, the childcare centre taps into the unchanging elements of the site such as the park’s hundred-year-old trees, the boulevard, the nearby brick houses and the site’s industrial past. Our solution is brutally neutral. It is a block 30 metres wide, 60 metres long and 4.2 metres high. The bottom half is glass; the top half is made of oxidized steel. The glass reflects the streets, the park and the weeds in the adjacent plot, and sometimes, depending on the light and the point of view, appears virtually to disappear, making it seem as though the oxidized steel is floating in the air. Seen from the boulevard, this large horizontal block with its patina sheen looks as if the park’s ancient trees are resting on it, like the surface beneath a still life. It also protects the park from the noise and visual pollution of the boulevard. The oxidized steel echoes the brick of the nearby houses, is reminiscent of the long walls of the original factory and sets off the sodden earth and tree bark hues of the park behind. The lower glazed part is subdivided by blind areas that house the service facilities and private areas. The upper, oxidized-steel part contains the building’s technical nerve system. Its underside is sculpted so as to create spaces of different sizes serving different purposes. In anticipation of future construction next door, the roof has been designed as a large sun deck. Technical features are hidden away in the dry area, which is covered with metal gratings. This high, oxidized-steel box literally becomes the roof of the childcare centre, unifying and protecting it.

 © Olivier Wogenscky

C.奥利维尔·沃根斯基

原型布置：室内街道

Prototype arrangements: an indoor street

儿童保育中心仅限于底层，最大限度地利用了建筑工地是一个矩形的、几乎完全水平的地块，面积与项目本身(包括场地)几乎完全相同。这有利于教师的工作，使孩子们更容易走动。这个空间是围绕着一条从东到西贯穿整栋建筑的室内街道而设计的。正门位于这条街的西端，望向公园入口和附近几所学校使用的食堂。一个开放的入口大厅意味着，那些需要等待孩子的父母可以在外面的喧闹声的掩护下和远离他们的孩子这样做。

The childcare centre is confined to the ground floor, making the most of the fact that the building site is a rectangular, almost perfectly horizontal plot with a surface area is almost exactly the same size as the project itself (including its grounds). This facilitates the teachers’ work and makes it easy for children to get around. The space is structured around an indoor street that runs the whole length of the building from east to west. The main entrance is located at the western end of this street and looks out over the entrance to the park and a nearby canteen used by several schools. An open-access entrance hall means allows parents who need to wait for their children to do so under cover and away from the noise of the road outside.

 © Stephan Lucas

斯蒂芬-卢卡斯

接待处位于这条室内街道的尽头，以便监测来访者和受欢迎的父母，特别是在接待处后面的妇幼保健中心的使用者。婴儿中心位于这条“街道”的南面，在入口处有一个18婴儿床区，然后又有三个18婴儿房单元。所有这些都向南延伸到有盖和开放的游乐场，一个花园和一个菜园。在室内街道的北面是接待处、厕所、洗衣房和托儿所护士办公室，所有这些都是由三个露台自然照明和通风的。这些露台给予“街道”额外的光线，并给它一种节奏，鼓励孩子们让自己的空间。在这些区域后面是一条走廊，使监督人员能够到达妇幼保健中心、办公室、会议室和工作人员室，以及靠近服务庭院的厨房。这些地区可以看到北方的森林公园。

The reception is at the end of this indoor street in order to monitor visitors as well as welcome parents, especially users of the mother and child care centre located behind the reception desk area. Situated to the south of this “street”, the infant centre has an 18-crib section near the entrance and then three further 18-crib units. All of these open out to the south onto covered and open playgrounds, a garden and a vegetable patch. North of the indoor street are the reception, the toilets, the laundry and an office for the nursery nurse, all of which are naturally lit and ventilated by three patios. These patios give the “street” extra light and lend it a rhythm that encourages children to make the space their own. Behind these areas is a corridor that allows supervisory staff to get to the mother and child care centre, the offices, meeting and staff rooms, and the kitchen, which is next to the service courtyard. These areas have a view of the wooded park to the north.

儿童保育中心是一个以多种复杂方式使用的场所。作为一个收容婴儿的地方，它必须刺激他们、支持他们和保护他们；作为成人的工作场所，它也必须是实用的、多才多艺的、有效率的和舒适的。挑战是把这些不同的要求、节奏、速度和尺度结合起来。

A childcare centre is a place that is used in many and complex ways. As a place that hosts small infants, it must stimulate them, support them and protect them; as a workplace for adults, it must also be practical, versatile, efficient and comfortable. The challenge was to combine these different demands, rhythms, speeds and scales.

 © Stephan Lucas

斯蒂芬-卢卡斯

供小孩子居住的村庄

A village for small children

儿童保育中心实际上是一个为幼儿而设的村庄。每个房子都是为不同的用途和不同的年龄组而设计的，但也适合于特定的节奏、照明和空间。它为孩子们提供了各种温和对比的感官刺激。因此，居住空间、宿舍、室内街道和母婴中心的候诊室都形似典型的尖顶房屋。玻璃墙在花园、户外游乐场、露台、生活区和室内街道之间提供了一种视觉连续性，使幼儿能够了解自己的方位，鼓励他们社交和探索，并帮助他们克服早晨父母离开时的焦虑。配件沉入地板和墙壁，以确保畅通的视野。

The childcare centre is actually a village for small children. Each house is designed for a different purpose and a different age group, but is also adapted to specific rhythms, lighting and spaces. It offers the children a variety of gentle and contrasting sensory stimuli. So the living spaces, the dormitories, the indoor street and the mother and child care centre’s waiting room are all shaped like typical houses with pointed roofs. Glass walls provide a visual continuity between the garden, the outdoor playgrounds, the patio, the living areas and the indoor street to allow small children to get their bearings, encourage them to socialize and explore, and help them to overcome their anxiety in the morning when their parents leave. The fittings are sunk into the floor and walls to ensure unblocked views.

地板在爬行小孩的生活中起着重要的作用。从巧克力到沙子，地板都是用各种淡褐色的米色覆盖的。这些阴影可能是光滑的或条纹的，形成一个纹身垫，是有趣的触摸和孩子们可以根据他们的意愿探索。细微的差异刺激而不是震惊孩子，目的总是鼓励他们通过建议。

The floor plays a major role in the lives of crawling tiny tots. The floor covering is all in various pastel shades of beige, ranging from chocolate to sand. These shades may be smooth or striated, forming a tatami mat that is fun to touch and that children can explore at their will. The slight differences stimulate rather than shock the children, the aim being always to encourage them through suggestion.

一座孩子们可以自己建造的建筑

A building that children can make their own

这栋建筑的内部被漆成白色，让使用它的人可以添加自己的色彩：明亮的玩具、挂在接待处钩子上的外套、儿童服装，以及挂在墙上或墙上的图画。只有在具有特殊意义的窗户内，才会染成一种特殊的颜色。因此，为不同单位服务的衣帽间-一个将社区聚集在一起的地方-以及室内街道上的隔墙，标志着向更安静的中小型单元过渡，有着温暖的彩色玻璃。

The building’s interior is painted white, allowing those who use it to add their own splashes of colour: bright toys, coats hanging on the hooks in reception, children’s clothes, and drawings stuck to the walls or jotted on the glass walls. Only inside windows of special significance are tinted a particular colour. Thus the cloakroom serving the different units - a place that brings the community together - and a partition in the indoor street, which marks a transition to quieter small and medium-sized units, have warm-coloured glass.

 © Olivier Wogenscky

C.奥利维尔·沃根斯基

隐蔽性能

Well-concealed performance

室内配件达到了健康、安全和舒适的最高水平，同时也试图隐藏这种设施中常见的标准化特征。例如，人们没有注意到覆盖在铰链上的手指保护带，因为它们贯穿整个门的长度。大多数的技术设施-通风和提取，吊架和在调光器上的凹灯-使用圆形，柔软，有趣的形状。声学配件成为与雕塑天花板融合在一起的图案。所有这些设计功能结合在一起，使该中心不仅仅是一个社区日托设施：它是一个家为孩子和他们的父母的家。

The interior fittings live up to the highest levels of health, safety and comfort while also trying to conceal the standardized features commonly found in this kind of establishment. For example, one doesn’t notice the finger protection strips covering the hinges because they run the whole length of the door. Most of the technical installations – ventilation and extraction, hangers and recessed lights on dimmers – use rounded, soft, fun shapes. The acoustic fittings become patterns that blend in with the sculpted ceilings. All of these design features combine to make the centre more than just a community day-care facility: it is a home from home for the children and their parents.

Architects Colboc Franzen & Associés

Location 780 Avenue de Dunkerque, 59160 Lille, France

Category Day Care

Partners in Charge Benjamin Colboc, Manuela Franzen, Arnaud Sachet

Design Team Ulrich Faudry, Guillaume Choplain

Area 1277.0 sqm

Project Year 2012

Photographs Stephan Lucas, Olivier Wogenscky