架构师提供的文本描述。法拉图吉吉亚索孤儿院的故事始于巴马科。1978年，Fatoumata Goundourou在街上发现了一个孤儿，把他带回家。从现在起，她的房子将成为不少于30个不同年龄的儿童的庇护所。

Text description provided by the architects. The story of Falatow Jigiyaso orphanage begins in Bamako. In 1978, Fatoumata Goundourou found an orphan baby in the street and brought him home. From now on, her house will become a shelter for no less than 30 children of all ages.

 © Vanja Bjelobaba

(Vanja Bjelobaba)

2010年，弗雷斯诺市(巴黎南部)的市长让·雅克·布里迪(Jean-Jacques Bridey)被他的一些市民讲述了法图马塔的故事。然后他前往马里会见Fatoumata，并决定在Dialakoroba(巴马科以南50公里)建造一所适当的孤儿院。

In 2010, the mayor of the city of Fresnes (south of Paris) – Jean-Jacques Bridey – was told by some of his citizens of Fatoumata’s story. Then he went to Mali to meet Fatoumata and decided to build a proper orphanage in Dialakoroba (50 km south of Bamako).

 Ground Floor Plan

孤儿院为儿童和工作人员提供住房、一个小型医疗中心、行政办公室、厕所和淋浴座、一个厨房和一个餐厅。教室和露台位于一楼，供儿童活动之用。这些街区以传统马里和西非建筑的方式围绕着一个中央庭院布置。

The orphanage offers housings for children and staff, a small medical centre, administration offices, toilet and shower blocks, a kitchen and a dining hall. Classrooms and terraces are located on the first floor for children’s activities. The blocks are arranged around a central yard in the fashion of traditional Malian and West-African architecture.

 © Vanja Bjelobaba

(Vanja Bjelobaba)

在这个位于萨赫勒以南地区的项目中，我们面临着极端的天气条件。此外，由于实际、环境和经济原因，我们选择不使用空调机组，甚至不使用简单的风扇。由于这些原因，整个孤儿院的设计是基于三个原则，这将保证一个良好的舒适建筑。

On this project, located in the subsahelian area, we faced extreme weather conditions. Moreover, for practical, environmental and economic reasons, we choose not to use air conditioning units or even simple fans. For those reasons, the whole design of the orphanage is based on three principles that would guarantee a good comfort in the building.

 © Vanja Bjelobaba

(Vanja Bjelobaba)

第一项原则是减少太阳的热量，这样做，额外的屋顶被放置在积木之上。这些屋顶穿过街区的边缘，保护房间免受直接太阳能的影响。此外，这些额外屋顶保护一楼的露台，用于儿童活动。

The first principle is the reduction of solar heat gain.To do so, an additional roof is placed above the blocks. Those roofs that go over the blocks’ edges protect the rooms from direct solar gain. Moreover, those extra roofs protect the terraces located on the first floor and used for children activities.

 © Vanja Bjelobaba

(Vanja Bjelobaba)

第二项原则是改善墙体的热质量。所有的墙都是由“H”形混凝土砌块制成的。然后，这些区块的中空中心充满了班科：一种由泥和谷壳组成的配方。班科银行在马里很容易找到，并以其强大的热性能而闻名.最后，在最裸露的表面上使用辉长石覆层。

The second principle was to improve the thermal mass of the walls. All the walls are made of “H”-shape concrete blocks. Then, the hollow centres of the blocks are filled with Banco: a recipe of mud and grain husks. Banco is easily found in Mali and is well-known for its strong thermal properties. Finally, gabion cladding is used on the most exposed façades.

最后一个原则是自然通风。在整个孤儿院的规模上，街区的布局倾向于改善空气循环。在一个小规模，每一个区块的排气管格栅，以使自然通风和被动冷却。

The last principle was about natural ventilation. On the scale of the whole orphanage, the layout of the blocks tends to improve air circulation. On a small scale, each block features vent grills in order to allow natural ventilation and passive cooling.

 © Vanja Bjelobaba

(Vanja Bjelobaba)

在4月份的暖季中，我们测量了一个20°C以上的室内-室外温差，这一结果证明了在这个项目上开发的具体设计的好处。

During the warm season in April, we measured an indoor-outdoor temperature difference of more than 20°C. This result tends to prove the benefits of the specific design developed on this project.

由于孤儿院位于Dialakoroba村之外，远离服务，我们别无选择，只能自给自足。光伏电池板安装在屋顶上以发电。地下水被抽进70米深的井中。

As the orphanage is located outside the village of Dialakoroba and far from the services, we had no choice but to make it self-sufficient. Photovoltaic panels are placed on the roof to produce electricity. Groundwater is pumped in a 70m depth well.

 © Vanja Bjelobaba

(Vanja Bjelobaba)

该项目的另一个重要方面是废水管理。由于马里面临巨大的水问题，我们认为，想象建筑物中所用水的第二生命是特别重要的。因此，通过一个广泛的处理系统来收集和处理废水。这个系统的第一个组成部分是一个消化池，使悬浮固体沉降成为可能。第二种成分是生物滤池，其中厌氧细菌被固定在沙床上，以净化水。当除污染的水离开这个装置时，它会流向一个开放的池塘，用于养鱼。溢出的水-每天约4立方米-然后被用于农业(特别是市场园艺)，每年允许几次收获，而不是一年一次。

Another important aspect of the project is waste water management. As Mali faces great water issues, we believed it was particularly relevant to imagine a second life for the water used in the building. Therefore, waste water are collected and processed through an extensive treatment system. The first component of this system is a digester making possible the settlement of suspended solids. The second component is a biofilter where anaerobic bacteria are fixed on sand beds in order to purify the water. When depolluted water exits this device, it flows to an opened pond used for fish farming. The overflowing water – around 4 m3 a day – is then used for agriculture (especially market gardening) allowing several harvests a year instead of one.

这一制度不仅为孤儿院提供食物，而且还为儿童提供市场园艺和养鱼领域的教育。最后，孤儿院的主要职能是为儿童提供庇护所，并参与他们的教育和实践。

This system not only provides food for the orphanage but also provides education for the children in the fields of market gardening and fish farming. Finally the orphanage outdoes its primary function of giving a shelter to the children and takes a part in their education and fulfillment.

 © Vanja Bjelobaba

(Vanja Bjelobaba)

这个项目以知识和技术交流为标志.这可以简单地用两个例子来说明。使用“H”型混凝土砌块的想法，是一个完整的混凝土砌体设计和一个完整的泥砖解决方案之间非常相关的折衷方案，是由马里工程师提出的。我们的朋友、法国工程师热拉尔·维奥兰特(Gérard Violante)的广泛废水处理工艺设计首次在马里实施，并应在其他地方找到其他应用。

This project was marked with knowledge and know-how exchanges. This can be simply illustrates with two examples. The idea of using “H”-shape concrete blocks that is a very relevant compromise between a complete concrete masonry design and a complete mudbrick solution was given by a Malian engineer. The extensive wastewater treatment process design by our friend Gérard Violante, a French engineer, was implement for the first time in Mali and should find other applications elsewhere.

 Second Floor Plan

二层平面图

总之，我们的团队将永远记住这整个冒险，这不仅是因为项目的性质，也是因为我们与人的交流的质量。这第一个项目也将因将我们的团队团结在一起来创建我们的架构公司而被铭记。

As a conclusion, this whole adventure will be always remembered by our team not only because of the nature of the project but also thanks to the quality of the exchanges we experience with people. This first project will be also remembered for bringing our team together to create our architecture firm.

Architects F8 architecture, Gérard Violante

Location Bamako, Mali

Category Housing

Area 891.0 m2

Project Year 2012

Photographs Vanja Bjelobaba