© Aldo Amoretti

阿尔多·阿莫雷蒂

架构师提供的文本描述。欧洲南半球天文研究组织ESO是欧洲最重要的政府间天文学组织，也是世界上生产力最高的天文台。ESO代表其15个成员国在智利经营着三个地点-La Silla、Parano和Chajnantor。ESO与其国际合作伙伴一起建造了ALMA(Atacama大毫米波/亚毫米波阵列)，目前正在设计欧洲超大型望远镜(E-ELT)。

Text description provided by the architects. ESO, the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere, is the foremost intergovernmental astronomy organisation in Europe and the world's most productive astronomical observatory. ESO operates three sites in Chile — La Silla, Paranal and Chajnantor — on behalf of its fifteen member states. Together with its international partners, ESO built ALMA (Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array) and is presently designing the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT).

 © Aldo Amoretti

阿尔多·阿莫雷蒂

新的附件标志着ESO历史上的一个重要时刻，因为它将整个ESO工作人员聚集在一个地点，促进有价值的合作，并为ESO最先进的仪器组装、测试和升级提供了一座技术大楼。

The new annex marks an important moment in ESO’s history, as it brings the complete ESO staff in Garching together on one site, facilitating valuable collaboration, as well as providing a technical building for ESO’s most advanced instruments to be assembled, tested and upgraded.

 First Floor Plan

一层平面图

这两座建筑-一座10.300平方米的办公和会议大楼，一座2.900平方米的技术大楼-及其周围的面积是ESOGarching总部现有面积的两倍多。

These two buildings — an office and conference building of 10.300 square metres and a technical building of 2.900 square meters — and their surroundings cover more than double the current area of the ESO Garching Headquarters.

 © Aldo Amoretti

阿尔多·阿莫雷蒂

扩建是为了补充原来的建筑(建筑师：Fehling Gogel)。办公大楼采用类似的弧形，自夸有两个内庭院，广泛使用天然光源。技术建筑是一个圆柱体结构，直径相当于EELT 39米主镜的直径。

The extension was designed to complement the original building (Architects: Fehling+Gogel). The office building, implementing a similar curved shape, boasting two inner courtyards, makes extensive use of natural light sources. The technical building is a cylinder construction with a diameter the size of the 39-metre primary mirror of the E-ELT.

 © Aldo Amoretti

阿尔多·阿莫雷蒂

这两座新建筑物都被贴上了绿色建筑的标签，因为这类建筑的能耗明显降低。这是实现与绝缘良好的正面和强烈的墙和板绝缘.办公大楼是通过混凝土芯活化来加热和冷却的-使用地下水，而地下水是通过热泵进入的。利用地热热水，通过集中供热，提供额外的热能。

Both new buildings have been labelled green buildings due to the significantly lower energy consumption typical for buildings of this size. This is achieved with the well-insulated facade and intense wall and slab insulation. The office building is heated and cooled through concrete core activation — using ground water, which is fed into with a heat pump. Additional heat energy is supplied with district heating utilizing geothermally heated water.

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阿尔多·阿莫雷蒂

Architectural Concept

现有ESO总部大楼位于嘉庆研究室南缘，位于“凸轮带”轴线的起点，是著名的f或其独特的建筑设计，象征着ESO对宇宙的科学研究。

Existing situation and design objective The existing ESO Headquarters building with its outstanding location on the southern fringe of the Garching Research Campus, lies at the starting point of the axis of the “Campusband”.The building is renowned f or its unique architectural design, which symbolizes the scientific study of the cosmos carried out at ESO.

 © Aldo Amoretti

阿尔多·阿莫雷蒂

这座建筑孤零零地矗立在加奇绿化带的边缘，其优雅的曲线表现出景观与建筑之间成功的共生关系，融入了自然环境，形成了独特的庭院空间。保持场地的特色，强调与周围乡村的紧密联系，是这一设计理念的关键特征。

The building stands alone at the edge of Garching’s green belt, and its elegant curves express a successful symbiosis between landscape and architecture, embracing the natural surroundings and forming individual courtyard spaces. Keeping the character of the site and emphasising the communicative atmosphere in close touch with the surrounding countryside form the key features for this design concept.

Design concept

扩建建筑的建筑理念，既考虑了研究园区南部边界以外已建立的绿化带，又考虑了现有总部建筑的外向性。其结果是开放的和单独的建筑物在功能和形式上与现有总部相结合，同时仍然尊重其与主要入口、接待和公共场所的主要地位。由于新的办公和会议大楼位于现有总部以南，因此延伸到绿化带，因此被认为是嵌入在自然环境中的一种结构。根据现有建筑物的大部分，新建筑物的高度不超过三层，只有两个朝东南方向的五层写字楼环。

The architectural concept for the extension buildings takes into account both the established green belt beyond the southern border of the research campus and the extrovert character of the existing headquarters building. The result is open and individual buildings that blend both functionally and formally with the existing headquarters, while still respecting its prime position with the main entrance, reception and public areas. Since the new office and conference building is located south of the existing headquarters and therefore reaches even further into the green belt, it was conceived as a structure embedded in its natural surroundings. In keeping with the majority of the existing building, the height of the new buildings does not exceed three storeys other than the two five-storey office rings towards the southeast.

 © Aldo Amoretti

阿尔多·阿莫雷蒂

在现有的总部建筑中，圆形是占主导地位的建筑构件。在这一背景下，它指的是科学的沟通，这一设计元素被超越并转化为可拓建筑。现有建筑由一系列通向周围乡村的露天拱廊组成，新建筑形成一个连续的凸凹圈，包围着内部流经区、通讯区和礼堂、会议室、自助餐厅等公共设施。

The circle form is the dominating architectural component in the existing headquarters building. In this context it refers to scientific communication and this design element is overtaken and transformed into the extension building. While the existing building is composed of a series of open arcs opening out into the surrounding countryside, the new building forms a continuous band of convex and concave circles that enclose inner circulation zones, communication zones and public facilities such as the auditorium, council room and cafeteria.

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阿尔多·阿莫雷蒂

现有总部的主要入口是从西北方向从地面上约4米高的斜坡进入，这意味着一个人通过一楼进入大楼。底层主要用于内部存取和输送。因此，新建筑物的构想是，它的两层主要楼层漂浮在地面之上。这两层主要是建筑的结构和功能部分，包括礼堂、送货区、有盖自行车和停车场。地下室位于礼堂建筑群的下面。为了避免破坏地下水位，地下室面积被减少到所需的最低限度，以避免水淹的风险，并降低防水混凝土结构的建筑成本。

The main entrance to the existing headquarters is via a ramp from the northwest at a height of about 4 metres above ground, meaning one enters the building through the first floor. The ground floor is mainly used for internal access and delivery. Therefore, the new building is conceived with its two main floors floating above ground level. These two main floors rest on structural and functional building elements, which contain the auditorium, delivery areas, covered bicycle and car parks. The basement is located below the auditorium complex. In order to avoid breaching the ground water level, the basement areas are reduced to the required minimum in order to avoid the risk of flooding and reduce waterproof concrete structures building costs.

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阿尔多·阿莫雷蒂

存取和流通

Access and circulation

主入口保留在现有的总部大楼内。内部桥梁连接这三座建筑-现有建筑与办公大楼和技术推广大楼。汽车通道和延伸建筑的直接入口是通过通往现有建筑物东北方向的停车位的通路提供的。在新的办公室和会议大楼的底层，以环形的形式排列在大楼的功能和结构部分周围，盖在一楼的楼板上。这个入口包括一个出租车落客区和一个单独的接待处，也可用于大型活动，如大会或研讨会。

The main entrance was retained in the existing headquarters building. The internal bridge connects the three buildings - the existing building with the office and technical extension buildings. Car access and the direct entrance to the extension building are provided via the access road to the parking spaces, northeast of the existing building. These are arranged in a ring form around the functional and structural parts of the building on the ground floor of the new office and conference building, covered by the first floor’s slab of the building. This entrance includes a taxi drop-off zone and a separate reception, which can also be used for major events such as congresses or seminars.

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阿尔多·阿莫雷蒂

内部组织

Internal organisation

新大楼的礼堂、餐厅和会议室位于现有建筑物的旁边，因此构成了新ESO场地布局的平衡点。另外的通讯区及阅读区则设于两层较高层的两个圆形切口周围，并可向外眺望。其中一条切割的直径为8.20米，其尺寸与智利帕拉纳尔天文台的大型VLT反射镜完全相同(Auer Weber设计了ESO帕拉纳尔天文台的住宅，该观察站被授予2004年叶奖和2005年城市景观建筑评论奖)。与ESO舰队的其他望远镜相似的参考尺寸可以在整个建筑物中找到。办公场所(标准面积12平方米)位于办公大楼外环，可俯瞰乡村景色。面积较大的18平米办公室和会议室位于两个内环内，可俯瞰庭院。

The auditorium, cafeteria and council room of the new building are situated in the area next to the existing building and thereby form the balance point of the new ESO site layout. Additional communication zones with reading areas are arranged on both upper floors around the two circular cutouts with views to the outside. One of these cutouts, with a diameter of 8.20 metres, has exactly the same dimensions as the large VLT mirrors at the Paranal Observatory in Chile (Auer Weber designed the Residencia at ESO’s Paranal Observatory, which was awarded the 2004 LEAF Award and the 2005 Cityscape Architectural Review Award). Similar reference dimensions to other telescopes of the ESO fleet can be found throughout the buildings. Offices (12 m2 standard size) are placed in the outer ring of the office building and have views to the countryside. Larger 18 m2 offices, as well as the meeting rooms, are located in the two inner rings with views to the courtyards.

 © Aldo Amoretti

阿尔多·阿莫雷蒂

Landscape design

现有建筑物和新办公楼之间的种植面积是按照整体ESO场地美化概念开发的。新办公楼看起来像是漂浮在现有景观之上的构筑物，铺好的路面保持在最低限度，绿色的表面-草坪或草地-尽可能靠近新建筑。为行人和汽车道路铺设的道路是由地面沥青制成的。种植更多的树木尊重该地点的特点，在那里开阔的田野相交密林地区。在少数选定的地区(例如在入口处)种植树木，以确定视觉视线，而不是妨碍周围乡村的景色。

The planted areas between the existing building and the new office building are developed in accordance with the overall ESO site-landscaping concept. The new office building appears as a structure floating above the existing landscape, paved surfaces were kept to a minimum and green surfaces — lawn or grassland, were brought as close as possible to the new building. Paved paths for pedestrians and car access roads were made from asphalt with a ground surface. The planting of additional trees respects the character of the site where open fields meet densely wooded areas. Trees were planted in a few selected areas (e.g., in the entrance area) to determine visual sight lines rather than to obstruct the view of the surrounding countryside.

 © Aldo Amoretti

阿尔多·阿莫雷蒂

Structural concept

第一层和第二层位于混凝土基础结构上。底层呈圆形布置的斜混凝土柱支撑第一层楼板。该建筑的底部是覆盖石膏板，形成雕塑空间在底层的路线，建筑物的布局。基于柱的一层支撑结构和圆形楼板与二楼剪力墙施工相结合，为底层板提供了宽的无柱悬臂梁，从而增强了对浮在地面上的结构的感知。这个结构体系是通过在楼板顶上特别发展的系梁系统来平衡的，它可以使下板的悬臂悬挂在建筑物的楼板上。

The first and second floors rest on a concrete base construction. Circularly arranged inclined concrete columns on the ground floor support the first floor slab. The base of the building is clad with plasterboard that forms sculpted spaces on the ground floor level following the lines of the layout of the building. A column based support structure on the first floor level and the circular floor slab combined with a shear wall construction used on the second floor, allow a wide column-free cantilever for the ground floor slab, thus enhancing the perception of a structure floating above ground level. This structural system is balanced through a specifically developed tie-beam system on top of the roof slab which enables the cantilever of the lower slabs to, metaphorically, hang from the building’s roof slab.

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阿尔多·阿莫雷蒂

扩建建筑的弧形和其完全玻璃外墙提供了一个结构漂浮在地面上的倾斜包层支撑的错觉。在白天，现有的总部和周围的乡村被反射成破碎的图像通过板条折叠的正面。晚上，当建筑物从内部照明，完整的结构在其完全的高度和宽度，它提供了一个光带漂浮在地面上到达星星。这是增强的昏暗的照明，从嵌入在吊顶的底层吊顶下的灯。然后，在一小段时间里，这座建筑看起来像一个即将起飞的飞碟。

The curved shape of the extension building with its fully glazed façade provides the illusion of a structure floating above ground on its inclined clad supports. During daylight the existing headquarters and the surrounding countryside are reflected as fractured images through the shingled-folded facade. In the evening when the building is lit from inside, the complete structure in its full height and width, it optically provides a band of light floating aboveground reaching towards the stars. This is enhanced with the dim illumination from the embedded down lights in the suspended ceiling of the ground floor. Then, for a brief moment, the building appears as a flying saucer ready to lift off.

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阿尔多·阿莫雷蒂

Architects Auer Weber Assoziierte

Location Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 2, 85748 Garching, Germany

Category Office Buildings

Area 18736.0 sqm

Project Year 2013

Photographs Aldo Amoretti