© David Maštálka

(štálka)

架构师提供的文本描述。老房子

Text description provided by the architects. The old house

两百年前，在历史悠久的布拉格城的东部街区，有一个名为“在乡间”的小而简单的住房群，专门为老村庄的贫困工人建造，名为HLoubětín。1922年，这个村庄发展并加入了大布拉格的概念。尽管这座城市不断发展壮大，但农舍的中心仍然保持原样。这样A1就可以在2003年找到一个地点，房子甚至连到主要城市的基础设施，还有原来的厕所等等。这个地方有着如此独特的氛围，让人感到置身于乡村，而地铁站则是步行7分钟。

Two hundred years ago there was built a small and simple colony of houses called “Among Cottages” aimed for poor workers in old village called Hloubětín in the East neighbourhood of historical Prague City. The village developed and joined the concept of big Prague in 1922. Though the city grew around, the heart of the Cottages remained the same. So a1 could find a site in 2003 with a house still not even connected to the main city infrastructure with original latrine etc. The place has such a unique atmosphere, that one feels beeing in a countryside yet the underground station is 7minutes walk.

 Ground Floor Plan

所有房屋的主要特征是纯朴的乡村面貌，墙上贴着灰泥，屋顶上挂着红色瓷砖。但是，我们房子的内部乍一看是一个巨大的惊喜，它的两个拱顶天花板在房间里。这两间客房由小中央入口大厅和厨房连接。石墙和砖墙厚900毫米，房子里只有6扇小窗户。老房子有一种特别沉重的感觉，我们从一开始就知道我们想要尊重它，追随它的氛围，同时也使它成为一个当代的生活和工作空间。

The main feature of all the houses there is their pure simple village look with plaster walls and gabled roof with red ceramic tiles. But the interior of our house was for the very first glance a big surprise with its two vault ceilings in the rooms. These two rooms were connected by small central entrance hall and kitchen. The stone and brick walls are thick 900mm and there were only 6 small windows in the house. The old house has a particular heavy feeling and we knew from the very beginning we want to respect it and follow the atmosphere while making it also a contemporary living and work space.

 © David Maštálka

(štálka)

新房子

The new house

更新和增加新结构的项目是Lenká于2008年在布拉格艺术、建筑和设计学院完成的文凭论文。当时的二重奏大卫·马štálka和Lenka Křemenová已经在布拉格以创造性的名字运营，一位建筑师。

The project for renovation and addition of new structure was Lenka ́s diploma thesis done in 2008 at Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design in Prague. At that time the duo David Maštálka and Lenka Křemenová where already operating under creative name a1architects in Prague.

 © David Maštálka

(štálka)

A1决定加入他们的生活和建筑在“一个屋顶”，所以新的房子需要建造与旧的结构。新旧连接的主要思想来源于尊重老房子典型的中央斧，经过近一年的设计和没完没了的讨论，两座相交房屋的交叉布置成为最有说服力的。新的添加在一定程度上与老房子共存，但在和谐和尊重的网站。

A1 decided to join their life and architecture under “one roof”, so the new house needed to be built joining the old structure. The main idea how to connect old and new part comes from respecting the typical central axe of the old house, so the cross layout of two intersecting houses became the most convincing after spending almost a year of designing and neverending discussion. The new addition coexists in certain contrast with the old house yet in harmony and respect to the site.

 © David Maštálka

(štálka)

这座新房子是一座木结构，屋顶是金属门廊，门面是黑色的。中央的石墙被推倒，轻薄的木材把阳光照进了一个古老的洞穴里，就像室内一样。两座房子的交叉对立面决定了乡村式都市化的地方特色和紧密而密集的邻里关系。利用材料和结构的对比将两座房屋连接起来，在一定程度上协调了门式刚屋顶的主要形状。

The new house is a timber structure with metal gabled roof and with its specific black charred facade. The central stone walls were turned down and the lightweight timber brought sun shine into an old cave like interior. The cross contraposition of both houses stregthen the local features of village-like urbanism with close and dense neighborhood. The linking of both houses using contrast of materials and structure work in a certain harmony of the main shape of the gabled roofs.

 © David Maštálka

(štálka)

施工时间

The construction time

这所房子用了将近四年的时间才建成，又用了两年的时间才得到所有的建筑许可，因为它是对一个不符合当代建筑规范的历史遗址的补充.但这是一次很棒的经历，事实上，我们在另一所学校-现实学校-感觉到了。最令人兴奋的是揭露旧层，所以第一批图纸更多的是理论性的，建筑时间本身就是一个设计过程，比如我们发现在地形下只有30厘米的地基质量不足，或者发现有围墙的窗户或小地窖等。这座老房子经过两年半的整修和修缮，部分成了废墟，去年专门用于整栋房屋、木结构和所有内部建筑，这遵循了用石头和木材建造的两座房屋的理念。

It took almost four years to complete the house and two more years to get all the building permission as it is an addition to a historical site which does not follow contemporary building codes... But it was a great experience, actually we felt as attending another school, the school of reality. The most exciting was revealing the old layers, so the very first drawings became more theory and the building time itself worked as a designing process, like when we discovered the lack of foundation mass which was only 30cm under the terrain or discovering walled window or small cellar etc. Two and a half years took the period of refurbishing and repairing the old house, which became partly a ruin and the last year was dedicated to whole completion and timber structure and all the interior, which follows the idea of two houses made out of stone and timber.

 © David Maštálka

(štálka)

房子的生活

The life of the house

这是一个微妙的时刻，将家庭、生活和办公室与其他2-3个同事联系在一起，而且当受到现有房屋的限制时也是如此。面向街道的主要黑色部分是A1工作室，它与私人花园的其余部分完全分开，在南部的小露台上，由会议室的小房子构成，过去是一个有着原始厕所的旧棚屋。因此，客人不进入大房子，而只是参观分开的会议室，它的小厨房和厕所。

It is a delicate moment to connect the family living and office with other 2-3 colleagues and moreover when limited by an existing house. The main black part oriented to the street works as a1 studio which is perfectly separated from the rest of the private garden by tiny patio in the south enframed by small house of the meeting room, which used to be an old shed with original latrine. So the guests do not enter the big house and only visit the separated meeting room with its small kitchenette and toilet.

 © David Maštálka

(štálka)

演播室本身就是为麦克斯服务的。五个人。有一个区分工作和生活空间的公共大厅。家庭部分主要在石屋内，而大中央厨房则发生在木结构的交汇处，将房子延伸到后花园。厨房是这所房子的生活中心。

The studio itself serves for max. five people. There is an common hall which divides the work and living space. The family part is mainly in the stone house and just the big central kitchen takes place in the intersection of the timber structure which prolongs the house to the back garden with wooden terrase. The kitchen is the centre of life in this house.

 © David Maštálka

(štálka)

另一个特别的问题是如何处理旧结构中的楼梯。事实上，混凝土螺旋楼梯继续在整个房屋交叉的主要中央斧，并导致对称的阁楼水平，有3个房间和浴室。对称是这里布局的一个主要概念，但它伴随着不规则和不对称的细节。房子本身从外面看似乎很简单，但它在内部却是非常分层的，令人惊讶的是，它从里面看起来有多大。

Another special issue was how to deal with the staircase in the old structure. In fact the concrete spiral staircase continues in the main central axe of the whole cross of the house and leads the symmetry to the attic level with 3 rooms and bathroom. Symmetry is a main concept of the layout here but it is accompanied by irregularities and aimed assymetrical details. The house itself seems very simple from the outside yet it is very layered in the interior and surprises one how big it could appear from the inside.

 © David Maštálka

(štálka)

Architects A1Architects

Location Prague, Czech Republic

Category Extension

Architects in Charge Lenka Křemenová, David Maštálka

Area 220.0 sqm

Project Year 2014

Photographs David Maštálka