© Florian Holzherr

(C)FlorianHolzhe

里面的颜色是一个里程碑，在德克萨斯大学奥斯汀的地标公共艺术收藏。该项目位于学生活动中心的屋顶上，是因为学生团体希望在学生活动中心(SAC)举行一次和平的静修活动。SAC是一个非常活跃的社会和文化中心，其设施包括宴会厅、黑匣子剧院、礼堂、会议室和学生组织办公室。通过一个深入的参与式设计过程，学生在确定国资委的规划职能和它将在校园中发挥的作用方面发挥了关键作用。因此，国际知名艺术家詹姆斯·特雷尔(James Turrell)被委托设计一幅“天空空间”(Skyspace)，这是他著名的适合居住的艺术作品之一，目的是在国资委充满活力的氛围中提供一个安静的空间。

The Color Inside is a milestone in The University of Texas at Austin’s Landmarks public art collection. Located on the roof of the Student Activity Center, the project arose from the student body’s desire for a peaceful retreat at the Student Activity Center (SAC). The SAC serves as a highly active social and cultural center with amenities that include, amongst others, a ballroom, black box theater, auditorium, conference rooms, and offices for student organizations. Through an in-depth participatory design process, students played a pivotal role in defining the programmatic functions of the SAC and the role it would play on campus. As a result, internationally acclaimed artist James Turrell was commissioned to design a “Skyspace,” one of his renowned inhabitable artworks, in order to offer a space for quiet amidst the dynamic atmosphere of the SAC.

 © Paul Bardagjy

.Paul Bardagjy

特雷尔的作品对传统的艺术对象与观众的关系提出了挑战。通过对色彩和光线的操纵，这一装置从根本上改变了观众对天空的感知，似乎把它带到了观众的平面上。他的作品没有对象，没有实际存在；相反，光和知觉是他的艺术媒介。正如Turrell所说：“光与其说是揭示出来的东西，不如说是启示。”通过提请人们注意视觉行为中的知觉机制，他灌输了一种意识，即主观经验塑造了我们对现实和我们周围世界的理解。这一感性过程与许多东方沉思实践所培养的感悟过程十分相似，而特雷尔本人常常将自己的作品比作自己年轻时的贵格会实践，在这种实践中，默祷的行为被描述为“走进屋里迎接光明”。

Turrell’s work challenges the traditional relationship between art as object and viewer. Through the manipulation of color and light, the installation radically alters the viewer’s perception of the sky, seemingly bringing it down to the plane of the viewer. His work has no object, no physical presence; instead light and perception are his artistic media. As Turrell has said, “Light is not so much something that reveals as it is the revelation.” By drawing attention to the perceptual mechanisms at work in the act of seeing, he instills the awareness that subjective experience shapes our understanding of reality and the world around us. This perceptual process closely parallels those cultivated by many Eastern contemplative practices, and Turrell himself often likens his work to the Quaker practices of his own youth, in which the act of silent prayer is described as “going inside to greet the light.”

天空空间藏在SAC的屋顶上，从下面的街道上被部分隐藏起来。游客们走到国资委三楼，沿着一条长长的走廊走到外面的一条木板路上，然后天空空间才显露出来。一旦进入，游客就会发现一个椭圆形的空间，里面有辐射加热的黑色玄武岩座椅，玄武岩地板，还有一个倾斜的石膏长凳，它将焦点指向天花板上方的一个Oculus。电脑控制的LED灯，隐藏在一个光湾照明“感测空间”-一个石膏表面位于观察台之上-与改变颜色在一个小时的节目每天在黎明和黄昏。该空间一次可容纳25名观众，提供一种亲密而又共同的体验。

Tucked away on the rooftop of the SAC, the Skyspace remains partially hidden from view from the street below. Visitors make their way up to the third floor of the SAC, down a long corridor, and onto a boardwalk outside before the Skyspace is revealed. Once inside, visitors discover an elliptical space with radiantly heated, honed black basalt seating, basalt flooring, and a reclined plaster bench back that directs focus to an oculus in the ceiling above. Computer-controlled LED lights tucked within a light cove illuminate the “sensing space”—a plaster surface located above the viewing bench—with changing color during an hour-long program everyday at dawn and dusk. The space can comfortably accommodate 25 viewers at a time, offering an intimate yet communal experience.

 © Paul Bardagjy

.Paul Bardagjy

由于相信简单有助于灵性，特雷尔的工作往往是多余的；然而，看似简单的空间只是通过严格的技术实现的。天空空间的椭圆形状需要与椭圆的主轴和轴相关的非传统结构网格。该结构的重量使其无法直接安装在SAC的混凝土屋顶上，因此，Skyspace实际上在屋顶上方7/8“处，由两根宽翼缘钢梁支撑。通常不用于屋顶的石膏饰面与金属屋面组件的接触方式类似，防水卷材位于防水卷材的正下方，防止水渗入。

With the belief that simplicity facilitates spirituality, Turrell’s work tends to be spare; yet the deceptively simple space was achieved only through technical rigor. The elliptical shape of the Skyspace required nontraditional structural grids that relate to the major and minor axes of the ellipse. The weight of the structure prevented it from being installed directly on the concrete roof of the SAC, and as a result, the Skyspace actually hovers 7/8” above the roof, supported by two wide flange steel beams. The plaster finish, not typically used for a roof, was approached similarly to a metal roof assembly, with a waterproofing membrane located directly below the finish preventing water infiltration.

 Floor Plan

在水和水分的控制方面，对一个有条件的空间的特殊要求和对天空的开放造成了多重挑战。必须仔细控制和监测从全体会议进入空间的空调空气的温度，以防止冷空气与空间内较温暖的空气接触时形成凝结。此外，所有的水平表面，包括长凳，浅水湾，和地板，必须作为一个屋顶的条件，以管理水的径流。

The unusual requirement of a conditioned space with an opening to the sky created multiple challenges in regards to water and moisture control. The temperature of conditioned air entering the space from the plenum had to be carefully controlled and monitored to prevent condensation from forming when cold air came in contact with warmer air within the space. Additionally, all horizontal surfaces, including the bench, light cove, and floor, had to be treated as a roof condition in order to manage water runoff.

 © Paul Bardagjy

.Paul Bardagjy

对内部石膏涂饰的要求也带来了自己独特的挑战。由于石膏会随着时间的推移而开裂，所以控制接头通常被整合到石膏饰面上，以管理石膏在哪里以及如何失效。然而，空间需要一个无张力、无缝的“画布”来显示光线。因此，在内部和外部石膏表面都涂上了弹性涂层，而不是使用控制接头，当出现裂纹时，涂层会膨胀，桥梁间隙会达到1/8“宽。

The requirements for the interior plaster finish brought about its own unique challenges as well. Because plaster will crack over time, control joints are typically integrated into plaster finishes to manage where and how the plaster will fail. However, the space required an atectonic, seamless “canvas” to display the light. As a result, instead of using control joints, an elastomeric coating was applied to both the interior and exterior plaster surfaces, which expands and bridge gaps up to 1/8” wide when cracking does occur.

 © Fernando Ortega

费尔南多·奥尔特加

拥有一支致力于维护特雷尔艺术视野的完整的设计和建设团队，以及UT-奥斯汀的学生身体的愿景，“色彩内部”是一项非凡的工作，它具有美丽、细致的精致和严格的执行力。由于它们的环境特性-也因为它们是永久性结构-在Turrell的80多个Skyspace中，只有12个空间是可公开访问的；因此，Color Inside为公众提供了一个难得的机会来体验Skyspace项目，同时也为学生提供了一个和平与反思的空间。

With a design and construction team dedicated to maintaining the integrity of Turrell’s artistic vision, as well as the vision of UT-Austin’s student body, The Color Inside is a remarkable work of beauty, detailed refinement, and exacting execution. Due to their environmental specificity—and because they are permanent structures—only 12 of Turrell’s more than 80 Skyspaces are publicly accessible; thus The Color Inside provides a rare opportunity for the public to experience a Skyspace project while also providing the students with a space for peace and reflection.

所有照片由德州大学奥斯汀分校公共艺术项目“地标”提供。

All photos courtesy of Landmarks, the public art program of The University of Texas at Austin.

Architects Overland Partners, James Turrell Skyspace

Location The University of Texas at Austin, 2201 Speedway, Austin, TX 78712, USA

Category Cultural Center

Architect in Charge Rick Archer, FAIA, LEED AP

Design Team James Lancaster, AIA, LEED AP; Michelle Stedman, LEED AP; Jim Taylor, AIA, LEED AP

Area 520.0 ft2

Project Year 2013

Photographs Florian Holzherr, Paul Bardagjy, Fernando Ortega