Primary School Tanouan Ibi LEVS architecten

2014-10-28 01:00

 Courtesy of LEVS architecten

李维斯建筑有限公司

架构师提供的文本描述。塔努安·伊比小学是一座可持续的建筑，坐落在马里多贡国广阔平原的一个村庄的边缘。这所学校由三个7×9米的教室组成，总共有180名学生、一个校长办公室、一个仓库和一个卫生大楼。晚上，学校被用来教妇女。

Text description provided by the architects. Primary School Tanouan Ibi is a sustainable building which stands at the edge of a village in the vast plain of the Dogon country in Mali. The school consists of three 7 x 9 meters classrooms for in total 180 pupils, a principal’s office, a depot and a sanitary building. In the evening the school is used for teaching women.

 Courtesy of LEVS architecten

李维斯建筑有限公司

在多贡的传统中，人、文化和自然之间无疑存在着一种精神联系。他们用粘土建造的极简主义，细节的可塑性和即时性是非常显著的。这是“限制中的财富”。细微差别、个性和灵魂决定了建筑；没有必要做出庄严的姿态。

In the tradition of the Dogon there is a doubtless spiritual connection between men, culture and nature. Their minimalism in building with clay, the plasticity and immediacy of the detail are remarkable. It is “wealth in restrictions”. Nuances, personality and soul define the building; a majestic gesture is not necessary.

荷兰的设计灵感来自这种建筑传统。然而，它是用相当现代的技术实现的，是由当地新培训的石匠建造的。承包商和工匠与塞瓦雷技术学院的学生密切合作。他们参与施工过程的各个阶段，以便改进和完善施工方法，并与现有的技术、传统和技术相联系。

The Dutch design is inspired by this architecture tradition. Yet it is realized with rather modern technology and built by local, newly trained masons. The contractor and the craftsman work closely together with the students of the Technical College in Sevaré. They are involved in all stages of the construction process in order to improve and to refine the construction methods, linked to already existing techniques, traditions and know-how.

 Courtesy of LEVS architecten

李维斯建筑有限公司

这座建筑有一个桶形拱顶，两侧各有一个门廊，作为这座7米高的拱顶的结构支撑。门廊也为公众提供了必要的遮阳设施，不受阳光直射。屋顶被一层薄薄的红土覆盖，与6%的水泥混合，以达到防水和防水的目的。屋顶上的石榴石，当地制造的陶瓷管，为舒适的室内气候提供通风，让阳光透过，就像星空一样。在雨季，它们可以关闭，屋顶排水沟中的长陶瓷管保证了雨水的迅速排放。

The building with a barrel vault has a porch on each side as structural support for the impressive vault of 7 meters. The porches also provide the necessary shade from direct sunlight for the public. The roof has been covered by a thin layer of red earth, mixed with 6 % cement in order to achieve a water proof and water resistant layer. The gargoyles on the roof, locally manufactured ceramic tubes, provide ventilation for a pleasant inside climate and let daylight come through, like a starry sky. During the rain season they can be closed and the long ceramic tubes in the roof-gutter guarantee the swift drainage of rainwater.

 Courtesy of LEVS architecten

李维斯建筑有限公司

建筑语言还取决于诸如“鼠标楼梯”跨度和加固墩等细节。门廊和长凳的复杂地板格局为村社区的长者提供了一个有意义的场所。所有形式的语言都是功能需求的明显结果。

The architectural language is furthermore determined by details such as the ‘mouse staircase’ spans and reinforced piers. The intricate floor pattern of the porches with their benches establishes a meaningful place for the elders of the village community. The language of all forms is a clear consequence of functional requirements.

 Courtesy of LEVS architecten

李维斯建筑有限公司

这所学校是由液压压缩地球块(HCEB)组成的。这些“砖块”是不烧着的。它们是利用现场土壤生产的，大大降低了生产成本和环境退化。它们不仅是可持续的，而且还能经受住炎热的阳光和暴雨的气候，比传统的粘土建筑要好得多。室内气候也明显凉爽。连续使用HCEB砖作为地板，墙壁和屋顶，以及这些砖的颜色，导致了建筑物与环境的柔软整合。这与多贡村庄融入景观的方式相对应。

The school is made out of Hydraulic Compressed Earth Blocks (HCEB). These “bricks” are non-fired. They are produced using the soil on site which reduces production costs and the environmental degradation immensely. They are not only sustainable but can also withstand the climate of both hot sunlight and heavy rainfall much better than the traditional clay buildings. The interior climate created is significantly cooler, too. The continuity of using the HCEB-bricks for floor, walls and roof and the color of these bricks leads to a supple integration of the building into the environment. This corresponds to the way how the Dogon villages fit into the landscape.