© Lorena Darquea

洛丽娜·达奎亚

架构师提供的文本描述。这个项目首先承认了一个概念上的挑战，它构成了产生建议的想法：即使在所有自然环境都能提供有趣(或类似)的视图时，忽略的哪些特性也必须具有吸引力？这是因为该项目位于一个活火山的顶部边缘，活火山的内部有一个湖泊，这创造了多个观察其周围环境的机会。

Text description provided by the architects. This Project starts with the acknowledgment of a conceptual challenge which structures the idea that generates the proposal: Which characteristics could an overlook have to be attractive even when all its natural surroundings offer interesting (and similar) views? This is due to the fact that the project is located in the top edge of the crater of an active volcano that has a lake inside of it, which creates multiple viewing opportunities along its surroundings.

 © Lorena Darquea

洛丽娜·达奎亚

由于其地理特性，吉洛托陨石坑及其湖泊已成为厄瓜多尔越来越受欢迎的旅游景点。该高地位于安第斯山脉，位于基多以南170公里处。海拔3974米，火山口直径约3公里。由于其水中的矿物质，火山口中的湖泊具有独特的绿松石色，这是该遗址的主要特征。这一地区的生态系统是安第斯帕拉莫，因此它周围的植被包括低草、特有灌木和小乔木。所有这些元素都是为了创造一种有节制的美的景观。

Because of its geographical peculiarities, the Quilotoa Crater and its Lake have become a touristic site of growing popularity in Ecuador. Located in the Andes, this elevation is 170 km south of Quito. Its altitude is 3974 meters above sea level, and the diameter of the crater is approximately 3 km. Due to the minerals present in its water, the lake in the crater has a distinctive turquoise colour that is the main characteristic of this site. The ecosystem of this area is an Andean páramo, therefore its surrounding vegetation includes low grasses, endemic shrubs and small trees. All these elements add to create a landscape of restrained beauty.

 © Lorena Darquea

洛丽娜·达奎亚

该地区传统上居住着厄瓜多尔高地的土著居民，他们以农业为生。最近的定居点是宗巴华，然而，一些分散的小社区住在离湖边更近的地方。Shalalá是与火山有着古老联系的社区之一，他们的居民已经开始了一项旅游事业，提供住宿、餐馆服务和对该地区景点的参观。

The area has been traditionally inhabited by indigenous populations of the Ecuadorian highlands, who have a mainly agricultural way of subsistence. The closest settlement is Zumbahua; however, some small scattered communities live closer to the lake. Shalalá is one of the communities that have ancient ties to the Volcano, and their inhabitants have started a touristic venture to offer accommodation, restaurant service and guided visits to the attractions of the area.

 Floor Plan

厄瓜多尔旅游部响应了社区的倡议，为他们的旅游设施提供了补充基础设施：在火山口顶端俯瞰，以及将其与旅游综合体主要区域连接起来的小径。该部的目标是支持社区的风险，通过参与提供旅游服务，帮助其成员增加收入。

The Ecuadorian Tourism Ministry responded to the initiative of the community by providing them with complementary infrastructure to their touristic facilities: an overlook in the top edge of the crater and the footpath to connect it with the main area of the touristic complex. The Ministry aimed to support the venture of the community helping its members to increase their income through their involvement in the provision of touristic services.

 © Lorena Darquea

洛丽娜·达奎亚

该俯瞰是计划定居在火山口的上边缘，它的主要目的是创造一个结构，允许不间断地观察周围的环境，用户可以安全地到达悬崖的边界。然而，上文解释的概念上的挑战仍然存在，在这里，为俯瞰而选择的地点与火山口的其他边界有着非常相似的看法。因此，分析的重点是其他的经验，可以忽略提供成为一个兴趣点在这一领域。

The overlook is planned to settle in the superior edge of the crater, its main objective is to create a structure that allows the uninterrupted observation of the surroundings where the users can safely reach border of the cliff. However, the conceptual challenge explained above remains, where the site chosen for the overlook has a very similar view to the rest of the border of the crater. Therefore, the analysis is focused on what other experiences could the overlook offer to become an interest point in the area.

 © Daniel Moreno Flores

(丹尼尔·莫雷诺·弗洛雷斯

该项目提供的响应是基于为游客创造机会以不同的方式看到景观，而不是从火山口的任何其他点。用户的体验通过创建一个平台来丰富，这个平台从悬崖上的陨石坑边缘延伸开来，目的是让游客有机会“飞越”景观，产生一种近乎眩晕的感觉。同时，创建了一个被动观看的空间，用户受到保护，不受元素的影响，并且能够进行沉思和反省。

The response that this project delivers is based on creating opportunities for the visitor to see the landscape in different ways than from any other point in the crater. The experience of the user is enriched through the creation of a platform extending from the edge of the crater over the cliff looking to give the visitor the opportunity to “fly” over the landscape producing an almost vertigo like sensation. At the same time, a space for passive viewing is created, where the user is protected from the elements and is able to have a moment of contemplation and introspection.

试图为用户提供这些相反但互补的体验，结果是创建了一个结构，该结构包括一个延伸到火山口边界以外的上层平台，以及沿着自然斜坡直接延伸的看台，在那里用户有机会休息和享受自然景观。这些简单而清晰的建筑姿态让游客有机会体验到与火山口其他地方不同的体验。

The attempt to provide these opposite, but complementary experiences for the user results in the creation of a structure which comprises of an upper platform that extents further beyond the border of the crater, and, directly underneath, bleachers that follow the natural slope where users have the opportunity to rest and enjoy the natural landscape. These simple, but clear, architectonic gestures give the visitor the opportunity to have a different experience than what could be found in the rest of the crater.

 © Daniel Moreno Flores

(丹尼尔·莫雷诺·弗洛雷斯

景观的离散而壮丽的美，要求建筑的反应严谨，试图与周围的景观融合。一种简单的形式和统一的材料使用给干预提供了与网站相同的审美品质。该单元由一个内部钢桁架系统组成，其表面由木材构成，位于景观的色调和纹理内。边界特征是安全的要素，同时允许清晰地看到周围的环境。因此，玻璃是唯一的材料，在开放的一端俯视。连接到俯瞰的步道是用石头边建造的，里面装满了砾石，目的是在不改变自然景观质量的情况下，标记一条确定的路线，并创造一个可行走的表面。干预中的每一种姿态都试图不改变目前场址的和谐，因此，如果将来不再需要，整个结构就可以很容易地拆除和移除。

The discrete but magnificent beauty of the landscape, demand the architectonic response to be austere, in an attempt to merge itself with the surrounding landscape. A simple form and the uniform use of materials give the intervention the same aesthetic qualities than of the site. The element is composed of an internal steel truss system and the skin of the element is built with wood which locates the intervention within the chromatic palette and texture of the landscape. The border features are to be elements of safety, while allowing a clear view of the surroundings. Therefore, glass is the only material used in the open ends of the overlook. The footpath that connects to the overlook is built with stone edges and filled with gravel, looking to mark a defined route and to create a walkable surface without altering the natural qualities of the landscape. Every gesture in the intervention attempts not to modify the current harmony present in the site, for this reason, the entire structure is designed to be easily dismantled and removed if in the future is no longer needed.

 © Lorena Darquea

洛丽娜·达奎亚

自这一现象产生以来，社区的旅游活动明显增加。此外，其成员还参与了干预的维护工作，并致力于使干预保持在良好的条件下。这可以说是国家、社区和设计者的干预达到预期结果的一个成功案例。(鼓掌)

Since the creation of this overlook, there has been a noticeable increase in the touristic activity in the community. Additionally, its members have engaged in the upkeep of the intervention and are committed to keep it in good conditions. This could be qualified as a successful case where the interventions of the State, the community and the designers have reached the expected outcome.  

Architects Jorge Javier Andrade Benítez, Javier Mera Luna, Daniel Moreno Flores

Location Zumbahua, Ecuador

Category Public Space

Area 616.0 sqm

Project Year 2013

Photographs Lorena Darquea, Daniel Moreno Flores