Milken Institute School of Public Health Payette

2014-11-24 01:00

 © Robert Benson

罗伯特·本森

架构师提供的文本描述。程序

Text description provided by the architects. Program

这所大学的公共卫生学院成立于1997年，在其密集的城市校园内和周围占据了各种大学建筑和几个租用地点。这个项目是学校的一个标志性的新家，旨在为公众创造一个独特的身份，并定义一个新的校园优势。

Founded in 1997, the School of Public Health at this University has occupied space in various university buildings and several leased locations in and around its dense urban campus. This project, a signature new home for the School, was intended to create a singular identity to the general public and define a new campus edge.

该项目包括学术部门和学校管理部门的办公室、15间普通用途的主动学习教室，从20个 - 75个座位、3个礼堂、一个有4个会议室和可伸缩墙壁的召集中心，以及众多的学生学习、休息室和厨房空间。还需要为学校的运动科学系提供一套实验室和多用途空间。

The program includes offices for academic departments and School administration, 15 general purpose active learning classrooms ranging in size from 20 — 75 seats, 3 auditoriums, a convening center with 4 meeting rooms and retractable walls for flexibility, and numerous student study, lounge and kitchenette spaces. A suite of laboratories and multipurpose spaces for the School’s exercise science department was also required.

 © Robert Benson

罗伯特·本森

Site Description

位于距离白宫仅几个街区，三角形的地点坐落在华盛顿特区标志性的公共空间之一的华盛顿圈。该地块还位于新罕布什尔大道和K街之间，这两条大道是L‘Enfant 1791年首都城市规划中的两条大林荫大道，也是24街，标志着它正向历史性的雾底区过渡。为了扩大和改善现有的社区公园，保留了遗址的南端。

Located just blocks from the White House, the triangular site sits on Washington Circle, one of Washington DC’s iconic public spaces. The site is also bounded by New Hampshire Avenue and K Street, both grand boulevards in L’Enfant’s 1791 urban plan for the Capital, as well as 24th Street, which marks the site’s transition into the historic Foggy Bottom district. The site’s southern tip was preserved to expand and improve an existing neighborhood park.

 © Robert Benson

罗伯特·本森

设计挑战赛

Design Challenge

这个场地的三角几何非常不寻常。在它的中心，遗址的足迹是140英尺宽(太深，日光穿透内部)，但缩小到一个尖锐的角度在它的南端。严格的分区规定限制了允许的楼面面积，规定90%的土地由新结构覆盖，并规定了90英尺的最高高度限制。最初被大学设想为一座6层楼高的全地板建筑，设计团队建议在允许的分区信封内插入一层7层，方法是将典型的楼层高度降低到12英尺。

The triangular geometry of the site was very unusual. At its center, the site footprint was 140 feet in width (too deep for daylight penetration into the interior), but tapered to an acute angle at its southern tip. Strict zoning regulations capped the allowable floor area, stipulated that 90% of the site be covered by the new structure, and imposed a 90-foot maximum height limitation. Initially envisioned by the University as a 6 story building with full floor plates, the design team proposed to insert a 7th floor within the allowable zoning envelope by reducing the typical floor to floor height to 12-feet.

 © Robert Benson

罗伯特·本森

设计解决方法

Design Solution

虽然乍一看，这座建筑似乎故意复杂，但它是一个高度严格和创新的解决方案，不规则的几何图形的网站。该项目所要求的各种空间类型、对可持续设计原则的内在承诺以及对学术建筑应有助于培养学生和教师之间的密切联系的深刻信念也推动了这一设计。

While at first glance the building appears willfully complex, it is a highly rigorous and innovative solution to the irregular geometry of the site. The range of space types required by the program, an intrinsic commitment to sustainable design principles and a deep conviction that an academic building should help to foster intimate connections between students and faculty also drove the design.

 First Floor Plan

一层平面图

采用裸露的后张、现浇混凝土结构体系(其选择的原因是能够跨越相对较浅深度的不同大小的教室)，使每个楼层的部分能够有选择地拆除，而不超过允许的建筑面积，从而创造了许多楼层开口的机会，这些开口能将日光深深地射入建筑物的核心，并使人们能够看到一系列的景观，上下穿过大楼。

The use of an exposed post-tensioned, cast-in-place concrete structural system (selected for its ability to span classrooms of varying sizes with relatively shallow depth) enabled portions of each floor level to be selectively removed without exceeding allowed building area, creating the opportunity for numerous floor openings that drive daylight deep into the building’s core and permit an array of views across, down and up through the building.

 © Robert Benson

罗伯特·本森

独特成分

Unique Components

电梯部分隐藏在机织不锈钢屏风后面的视野之外，一条开放的楼梯蜿蜒曲折地向上和向下蜿蜒而行，这鼓励了人们的体育锻炼。该建筑的赤陶雨幕外墙，安装在一个统一的幕墙系统，是由高高的垂直瓷砖，其中有一个定制的模式突出肋骨。取决于太阳的位置，这些肋骨造成的阴影的变化微妙地改变了建筑物的外观在一天的过程中，丰富了与它的重复遭遇的经验。

Elevators are partially concealed from view behind a woven stainless steel screen, and a generous open stairway zigzags its way up and down the building, encouraging physical activity. The building’s terracotta rainscreen façade, installed on a unitized curtainwall system, is composed of tall vertical tiles which feature a customized pattern of projecting ribs. Depending upon sun position, variations in the shadows created by these ribs subtly alter the building’s appearance over the course of the day, enriching the experience of repetitive encounters with it.