© Evgeni Dinev

c.Evgeni Dinev

架构师提供的文本描述。Nessebar古城被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。这座城市是一个独特的例子，综合了几个世纪以来人类在文化领域的活动。在这个地方，许多文明都在单一的、同质的整体中留下了有形的痕迹，与自然和谐地结合在一起，而大自然一直保存到今天，形成了一个完整的活的城市有机体。

Text description provided by the architects. The Ancient city of Nessebar is listed in the UNESCO World Heritage List. The city is a unique example of a synthesis of the centuries-old human activities in the sphere of culture. It is a location where numerous civilizations have left tangible traces in single homogeneous whole, harmoniously fitting in with nature which is preserved until present times in an aggregate living urban organism.

 © Evgeni Dinev

c.Evgeni Dinev

“圣·帕拉斯基娃”教堂建于13世纪，生动地体现了中世纪保加利亚的神圣建筑美学原则。它被认为是保存得最好的独具特色的拱形教堂之一，上面覆盖着山墙屋顶。它突出地展示了这类教堂的正面构图的主要思想，装饰元素丰富，装饰元素有玻璃陶瓷圈和小砖块。教会也是东正教圣宗建筑在西方哥特式兴盛时期全面发展的宝贵历史证据。

“Saint Paraskeva” church was built in the 13th century and is a vivid representation of the sacred constructions` aesthetic principles in Medieval Bulgaria.   It is considered one of the best preserved single nave, vaulted churches covered with gable roof.  It outstandingly reveals the main ideas for façade composition for such type of churches, richly ornamented with decorative elements – glazed ceramic circles and small bricks. The church is also a valuable historical evidence for the overall development of the Eastern Orthodox sacral architecture during the thrive of the Western Gothic.

 © Evgeni Dinev

c.Evgeni Dinev

尽管教会在7世纪的历史中被摧毁了近1/3的原始体积和高度，以及几次修复和不同的其他干预措施，但它的原始内容得到了较好的保存。

Notwithstanding the destruction of nearly 1/3 of the original volume and height of the church during its 7 century history and several restorations and different other interventions, its original substance is comparatively well preserved.

 Floor Plan

从中世纪到现在，Nessebar的城市结构发生了根本性的变化。教堂是作为一个城市中心而规划和建造的，后来它拒绝成为当今城市整体中一个功能匮乏的博物馆标本，这是一个充满活力的城市生活的风景如画的城市景观。

The urban structure of Nessebar has changed radically from the Middle ages till now. The church was planned and built as an urban focal point, subsequently it declined to a functionally deprived museum specimen in the nowadays urban ensemble, a picturesque urban landscape for the dynamic city life around.

 © Evgeni Dinev

c.Evgeni Dinev

干预概念

Concept of the intervention

“圣帕拉斯基瓦教堂的养护、恢复和社会化”项目是由国际建筑管理组织委员会保加利亚全国委员会与Nessebar市和当地博物馆共同组织的一项建筑竞赛的结果。

“Conservation, restoration and socialization of Saint Paraskeva church” project is a result of an architectural competition organized by the Bulgarian National Committee of ICOMOS together with the municipality of Nessebar and the local museum.

教堂周围街道水平的逐渐变化，其高度的重要部分的丧失，以及它的缩进量较弱，这些都给教会后期的建设带来了不恰当的联想。然而，研究小组认为，教会具有一个主要的城市结构元素的品质。当代的干预措施恢复了建筑在城市构成中的关键作用及其作为城市景观中的标杆的特征，此外，教堂的使用方案有助于恢复其对城市的功能意义。

The gradual change of street level around the church, the loss of significant part of its height, together with its weakly indented volume bring improper associations that the church has been built in later period. However the team considers that the church possesses the qualities of a major structural urban element. The contemporary intervention restores the key role of the building in the urban composition and its character as a bench mark in the cityscape.  In addition – the programme of the use of the church helps to regain its functional significance for the city.

 © Evgeni Dinev

c.Evgeni Dinev

该项目在三个主要层面进行了干预：

The project interferes on three main levels:

保护与恢复

         Conservation and restoration

在纪念碑的干预遵循当代的保护理论和实践的原则，以揭示原始的实质和尊重不同阶段的历史对象。

The interventions in the monument follow the contemporary principles of conservation theory and practice for revealing the original substance and for respecting the different phases of the history of the object.

 © Evgeni Dinev

c.Evgeni Dinev

非常精确和仔细地保存所有原始元素和后期和声干预，采用现代手段和技术重新创造教堂的空间特征，而只有无可辩驳证据的元素被恢复，避免了任何假设的恢复。

Very precise and careful preservation of all original elements and late harmonic interventions is carried out.  Contemporary means and techniques are used to recreate the spatial features of the church while only elements with indisputable evidence are restored, avoiding any hypothetical restoration.

为解释原建筑结构的内部和外部，介绍了穿孔Cor-10片。材料与教堂的颜色很好地协调，同时也肯定被认为是同时代的。采用不同尺寸的钢板孔洞，再现了原砌体砖层和石材层的典型变化。

For the interpretation of the original building structure in the interior and exterior are introduced perforated Cor-ten sheets. The material harmonizes well with the colours of the church, meanwhile it is definitely being recognized as contemporary. The typical alternation of brick and stone layers in of the original masonry of the façade (opus mixtum) has been recreated with different sizes of the perforations of the steel sheets.

 © Evgeni Dinev

c.Evgeni Dinev

在内部，拱顶已被谨慎地减轻半透明的屋顶，从而恢复了体积，比例和本质的骶骨放置。

In the interior, the vault has been interpretedby discreetly lightened semitransparent stretched roof.  Thus the volume, proportions and the essence of that sacral placed have been recovered.

 © Evgeni Dinev

c.Evgeni Dinev

新材料几乎没有接触到原来的结构和接触是尽可能少。所有干预措施都是可逆的，原始物质已得到保护，不受进一步破坏。

The new materials barely touch the original structure and the contact is as minimum as possible. All interventions are reversible and the original substance has been protected from further damaging.

根据建筑活动的不同，有几种外部艺术照明的场景。

There are several scenarios for external artistic lightening, depending on the activities to be carried out in the building.

 © Evgeni Dinev

c.Evgeni Dinev

         New function

         New function

教堂建筑一直是文化和信息的公共焦点、调解人和解释者。新的职能继续对城市在其历史决定的地方发挥重要作用，该项目的主要概念是使教会有可能成为一个具有多种功能的文化信息中心-展览、音乐会、3D投影、动画片、纪录片、艺术电影，与城市的历史发展、文化古迹和文化遗产的共同教育有关。

The church building has always been a public focal point, mediator and interpreter of culture and information. The new function continues that important role for the city in its historically determined place.  The main concept of the project is to create the possibility for the church to become a cultural-informational hub with diverse functions –exhibitions, concerts, 3D projections, cartoons, documentaries,art films, related to the historical development of the city, its cultural monuments and for common education of cultural heritage.

 © Evgeni Dinev

c.Evgeni Dinev

城市干预

         Urban intervention

教堂毗邻同一时期的另一个教堂。这两座教堂坐落在一个公共广场上，两座教堂之间有着直接的视觉联系和类似的正面装饰，这两座教堂无疑被视为一个整体。这一公共空间提供了两个教堂的审美、功能和语义统一的表现，并通过其环境统一-共同的城市设计、艺术照明、城市家具和人行道-进一步强调了它们的共同外观。有可能将教堂以外的部分内部文化功能输出到广场上，这将使广场成为一个互动的文化论坛-会议、交谈、娱乐和文化相互关系的非正式场所。

The church is adjacent to another one of the same period. Situated in a joint public square with direct visual connection between them and similar façade decoration, the two churches undoubtedly are perceived as an ensemble. This common public space has provided for manifestation of the aesthetic, functional and semantic unification of both churches and to additionally stress on their joint appearance through their environment unity – common urban design, artistic lighting, urban furniture and pavements. There is a possibility to export part of the internal cultural functions outside the church – on the square, which will turn the square into an interactive cultural forum – informal place for meetings, conversations, recreation and cultural inter-relations. 

Architects Todor Mihaylov, Elitsa Andreeva, Emilia Kaleva, Aleksandra Vadinska

Location Nessebar, Bulgaria

Category Restoration

Design Team Ivan Bilbilov, Stefka Stefanova, Atanas Papadakis, Ivan Barakov

Project Year 2014

Photographs Evgeni Dinev