© Bartłomiej Senkowski

łmiej Senkowski

架构师提供的文本描述。垂直花园，包括正面和侧面的高度，是一个工具，使建筑与其绿色的环境。FNP总部已成为一个非常普遍意义上的景观要素。建筑物的绿色面孔模糊了建筑之间的界限。

Text description provided by the architects. The vertical garden, covering front and side elevations, is a tool which allows to integrate the building with its green context. The FNP headquarters has become an element of the landscape in a very common sense. The green face of the building blurs the boundaries between architecture & nature.

建筑物的建筑是由纹理的碰撞而形成的。绿叶的垂直花园，软化了建筑的边缘，与表面的光滑对比，完成了浅灰混凝土面板。绿色的墙，自然是三维的，正以其深度丰富着海拔.这种三维效应随着时间的推移而不断变化。由于植物的天然植被和一年的周期，建筑物的表面也会不断变化。

The architecture of the building is created by a collision of textures. The leafy vertical garden, softening the building edges, is contrasted with the smoothness of surfaces finished with light grey concrete panels. The green wall, naturally three-dimensional, is enriching the elevation with its depth. This three-dimensional effect is constantly changing over time. Due to the natural vegetation of the plants and the cycles of the year the face of the building will also be constantly changing.

垂直花园，考虑到其地理位置，被视为试验性的。在其开发过程中，由于鸟类或风带来的种子，墙壁的生物多样性可能发生变化。设计的植被最佳状态应在2016年达到。

The vertical garden, taking into account its geographic location, is treated as experimental. During the course of its exploitation, the bio-diversity of the wall may change due to the seeds brought by birds or wind. The designed vegetation  optimum should be reached in 2016.

 © Bartłomiej Senkowski

łmiej Senkowski

一栋现有的多家庭住房大楼已改建为一栋办公楼，以容纳波兰科学基金会的新总部。国家警察总部由一个地下层和四个地面以上层组成。停车场、技术室和档案室位于地下-1级。地面由接待区、会议室、多功能空间和办公室组成。此外，还在地面以上设置了办公空间。

An existing, multifamily housing building has been converted into an office building to house the new headquarters of the Foundation of Polish Science. The FNP headquarters consists of one underground level and four above ground levels. The parking lot, technical rooms and archives were placed below ground at level minus 1. The ground level is composed of reception area, conference rooms, multifunctional spaces and offices. Office spaces have also been placed on the above ground levels.

 © Bartłomiej Senkowski

łmiej Senkowski

Historical Background

该建筑位于韦尔兹布诺，是莫科托区的一部分，这是华沙的中心社区之一。这个地区在20世纪30年代从农田变成了城镇。它矗立在四散的别墅中间，依偎在绿色之中。它最初建于1933年，是作为低层住宅建造的，二战期间，由于空中轰炸，它遭到了严重的破坏。由于轰炸，它失去了所有各级的大部分正面和部分天花板。剩下的都被火烧毁了。战后，由于其破旧的状况，这座建筑最初被判定为被摧毁。然而，由于这座城市遭到严重破坏(华沙72%的住宅建筑因战争而丧失)，拆除决定被撤销，建筑物将被修复。由于缺乏高质量的材料，修复工作在技术上很差。这座建筑物的原貌没有恢复。

The building is located in Wierzbno, a part of the Mokotów district which is one of Warsaw’s central neighborhoods. The district was converted from farmland into town in the 1930’s. It stands among the dispersed residential villas nestled into the green. Originally built as low-rise housing in 1933, it suffered serious mutilation by air bombing during WWII. Due to the bombing it lost most of the front façade and parts of the ceilings on all levels. What remained was destroyed by fire. After the war, due to its dilapidated condition, the building was initially condemned to be destroyed. However, due to the significant destruction of the city (72% of residential buildings in Warsaw were lost as a result of the war) the demolition decision was revoked and the building was to be restored. Restoration works were carried out in a poor technical manner due to the lack of availability of quality materials. The building’s original appearance was not restored.

 © Bartłomiej Senkowski

łmiej Senkowski

Preservation

该建筑物在华沙保税局的保护下，有关建筑物的集中和窗户的布局。阁楼墙的质量与前面高地的其余部分的比例也是保存办公室感兴趣的主题。市政办公室发布的建筑条件条款不允许扩大建筑足迹。这些同样的条件也要求新的设计方案与建筑物的现有特征相协调，特别是在高地的节奏和对称性方面。

The building is under the protection of the Warsaw Preservation Office, regarding massing of the building and the layout of windows. The proportion of the attic wall mass to the rest of the front elevation is also the subject of interest of the Preservation Office. The terms of conditions for construction, issued by the municipal office, did not allow the enlargement of the building footprint. These same conditions also dictated the coordination of the new design solution with the existing character of the building, especially regarding to the rhythm and symmetry of the elevations.

结构评估

Structural Assessment

“.破裂的墙壁将因其自身的重量而倒塌。”.建筑物的街道前部被(空气)炸弹摧毁，建筑物的其余部分、屋顶和2层被烧毁。“.J.Maliszewski，17.08.1945，关于克拉西基戈街20号/22号的FNP总部大楼

„...cracked walls will fall by its own weight.” “...the street front of the building destroyed with the (air) bomb, the rest of the building, roof and the 2nd level burnt down”.Inspector J.Maliszewski, 17.08.1945, regarding the present FNP Headquarters building on 20/22 Krasickiego St.

该建筑结构需要广泛的稳定和加固范围，包括地基、天花板和承重墙。第二次世界大战后进行的所有外墙赔偿都需要重新装修。所有的建筑角落都是从外面加固的-用特殊的钢制卡箍-直到墙的高度。原预制水磨石运行需要加强钢元素。

The building structure demanded an extensive scope of stabilization and reinforcement including the foundations, ceilings and bearing walls. All the external wall reparations, carried out just after the WWII needed to be revamped. All of the building corners were reinforced from the outside - with the special system of steel clasps - to the full wall height. The original prefabricated terrazzo runs needed to be strengthened with the steel elements.

与城镇的联系

Affiliation with Town

拆除建筑物前院现有的栅栏有助于扩大街道的公共空间，并将后院花园与周围环境结合起来。FNP大楼是与900米长的KrasickigoStreet并排的建筑地块的唯一例子，它与城镇的结构没有物理屏障(篱笆)相隔。穿过一楼的穿孔，从正门开始，以后院花园结束，在街道和花园景观之间建立了一种额外的视觉联系。

The removal of the existing fence in the building front yard helped to enlarge the public space of the street and incorporate the backyard garden with the surroundings. The FNP building is the only example alongside the 900m long Krasickiego Street of a building plot that is not separated with a physical barrier (fence) from the fabric of the town. The perforation through the ground floor, beginning with the main entrance and ending with the backyard garden, establishes an additional visual link between the street and garden view.

 © Bartłomiej Senkowski

łmiej Senkowski

这座建筑配备了能耗低的设备。电力系统已丰富了管理电力使用的实时元件。这些解决方案大大降低了建筑物的电力需求及其对市政网络的影响。

The building is equipped with devices having low energy consumption. The electrical systems have been enriched with elements that manage usage of electrical power in real time. These solutions have lowered the building’s electrical demand and its impact on the municipal network in a substantial way.

 © Bartłomiej Senkowski

łmiej Senkowski

亲生态认同

Pro-Ecological Identity

绿色墙是创造建筑生态特性的要素之一。它有助于改善能源平衡，并在建筑物内创造有利的小气候。垂直花园，应用在正面和侧面的高度，给予260平方米的绿色表面面积的海拔。这是波兰和欧洲这一地区唯一的外部花园。

The green wall is one of the elements which creates the pro-ecological identity of the building. It helps to improve the energy balance and creates a beneficial microclimate inside the building. The vertical garden, applied onto the front and side elevations, gives 260 m2 of green surface area to the elevations. It is the only one, external garden in Poland and in this part of Europe.

 © Bartłomiej Senkowski

łmiej Senkowski

在垂直花园内，包括了20种不同种类的植物。其中一些是为了创造一个绿色的背景全年，而另一些将在温暖的季节开花。带有红色水果装饰的植物在冬季也会增加色彩。由于植物的安置是与建筑师协商的，几何图案的表现应该会在植被周期的第三年结束时显现出来-到2016年9月。

Within the vertical garden 20 different species of plants have been included. Some of them are to create a green background all year, while others will bloom during the warmer seasons. The plants with the decorative red fruits will add a color accent also during the winter seasons. Since the placement of the plants was consulted with the architects, the manifestation of a geometric pattern should reveal itself at the end of the third year of the vegetation cycle – by September 2016.

这些植物由一个特殊的灌溉系统提供水和必要的营养，并在面板表面安装了一套传感器。根据收集到的信息，墙壁自动灌溉和施肥。该过程实时控制，可在线控制.

The plants are supplied with water and necessary nutrients by a special irrigation system supported with a set of sensors located onto the surface of the panels. Based on the information collected the wall is automatically irrigated and fertilized. This process is controlled in real time and can be steered on-line.

一种独特的垫子-由类似于矿物羊毛的材料结构制成-是绿色墙模组的基础。在这种情况下，垫子是土壤的补充，负责给予植物适当的支持。它还保护植物的根免受不断变化和恶劣的气候条件的影响，这在安装了绿色墙的气候区域是必不可少的。轻量级模块安装在钢子结构上，使得垂直花园系统的维护相对容易。植物麦芽放在特别设计的口袋里，必要时可以用来交换。

A unique mat - made of a material structure similar to that of mineral wool - is the base for the modules of the green wall. In this case, the mat is the supplement of the soil responsible for giving the plants the appropriate support. It also protects the roots of the plants from exposure to the changing and harsh weather conditions, which is essential in the climatic region in which the green wall has been installed. The lightweight modules are mounted to the steel substructure which makes the maintenance of the vertical garden system a relatively easy task. The plants ale placed in the specially designed pockets which helps to exchange them if necessary.

绿色墙模块必须精确地安装，以实现所需的整体模式。每个模块都标明了其在墙上的确切位置。

The green wall modules had to be mounted with precision to achieve the desired holistic pattern. Each of the modules was marked with the exact position of its location on the wall.

子结构也需要特别注意。主要是，墙的坡度，以确保适当的水流将得到维持。过大的偏差可能会导致一些植物完全得不到任何水，而另一些植物则会得到过量的水。

The substructure also needed to be built with special attention. Mainly, the slope of the wall needed to secure that the proper flow of the water will be sustained. Too large of a deviation could cause some plants to not receive any water at all while others could get an overabundance.

垂直花园，考虑到其地理位置，被视为试验性的。在其开发过程中，由于鸟类或风带来的种子，墙壁的生物多样性可能发生变化。该墙植被的设计优化应在2016年达到。

The vertical garden, taking into account its geographic location, is treated as experimental. During the course of its exploitation, the bio-diversity of the wall may change due to the seeds brought by birds or wind. The designed optimum of the vegetation of the wall should be reached in 2016.

雨水管理

Rainwater Management

生物活性表面，支持雨水的保留，覆盖了几乎67%的给定地点。与垂直花园一起，绿化面积占给定场地表面的82%。从屋顶和人行道收集到的雨水直接进入地下蓄水池。然后，雨水被用来浇灌绿色的高地。这一解决方案有助于将倾入市政雨网的灰色水量减少到一个绝对最小的水平。

The biologically active surface, supporting the retention of the rain water, covers almost 67% of the given site. Together with the vertical garden, the green area covers 82% of the surface of the given site. The rain water collected from the roof and pavements is directed into the underground retention basin. The rain water is then used to water the green elevation. This solution helps to reduce to an absolute minimum the amount of the grey water dumped into the municipal rain network.

Architects FAAB Architektura

Location Warsaw, Poland

Category Renovation

Architect in Charge Adam Białobrzeski, Adam Figurski, Maria Messina

Area 260.0 sqm

Project Year 2014

Photographs Bartłomiej Senkowski