© Cyrille Weiner

西里尔·韦纳

架构师提供的文本描述。该项目是作为环境方面特别创新的方案的一部分而设计的。建筑的概念依赖于初级景观的发展，这将从它所处的更广阔的景观中汲取它的纹理和成分。这样，它就变成了一个独立的城市飞地：一种由土著环境自由生长的高架景观，一种城市的树冠，有遮蔽，但也受到人民的保护。

Text description provided by the architects. A primary school and gymnasium with their own natural environment The project has been designed as part of a particularly innovative programme, environmentally speaking. The concept of the building relies on the development of a primary landscape which would draw its textures and components from the wider landscape in which it is set. In this way it becomes an urban enclave which stands apart: an elevated landscape in which an indigenous environment grows freely, a sort of urban canopy, sheltered, but also protected by people.

 Ground Floor Plan

这一项目很可能预示着一种新趋势的开始：努力将生物多样性恢复到城市地区的中心。比任何其他项目更重要的是，建造一所学校是一个重新思考诗歌、教育和自然之间的基本概念联系的机会，从新的审美冲动中汲取灵感。因此，该建筑承担了重建一个功能齐全的生态系统作为学习场所的挑战，这是一个地方，当地儿童将去发挥他们的潜力，同时也是当地居民的社会中心。

This project may well signal the start of a new trend: striving to return biodiversity to the heart of urban areas. More than any other project, building a school is an opportunity to re-think the fundamental conceptual connections between poetry, education and nature, drawing inspiration from new aesthetic impulses. Thus, the building takes up the challenge of recreating a fully functional eco-system as a place of learning, a space where local children will go to fulfil their potential, but also a social hub for local residents.

 © David Foessel

(C)David Foessel

背景：该项目涉及两种结构：一所有18间教室的学校(7所学前教育，11所小学)和一所对当地居民开放的体育馆。位于A4 EST网站上，在布洛涅-比兰库尔特的“塞金-河流德塞纳河”Zac(城市发展区)的旧雷诺球场，现在是一个密集的地区。因此，学校项目具有特殊的意义：它将为更大范围内的景观设置基调。

The Context: The project involves two structures: a school with eighteen classrooms (seven pre-school, eleven primary school) and a gymnasium which will be open to local residents. Located on the A4 Est site, in the “Seguin-Rives de Seine” ZAC (urban development zone) in Boulogne-Billancourt on the old Renault grounds, now a densely built area. The school project thus takes on particular significance: it will set the tone for the landscape within the wider site.

这两个结构是统一在一个单一的体积，由一个相同的皮肤：矿物墙。我们希望这堵墙能够延伸到整个项目周围，首先是为了巩固整个建筑，同时也是因为它代表了ZAC的一个明确的姿态。这座建筑位于A4 EST遗址的中心，是该岛的“绿色心脏”。因此，这所学校作为一个统一的元素，在一个景观中，动植物在指导该地区其他地区的重新发展方面发挥着至关重要的作用。

The two structures are united in a single volume, bounded by a same skin: the mineral wall. We wanted this wall to extend around the entire project first to consolidate the entire edifice, but also because it represents a clear and definite gesture for the ZAC. This building, at the centre of the A4 Est site, is the "green heart" of the island. The school thus serves as a unifying element in a landscape where which flora and fauna play a vital part in guiding re-development for the rest of the area.

概念：这个项目是一个“景观作为生活空间”，而不是一个简单的建筑。建筑物有两个截然不同的部分：一个矿物部分-正面-和一个由植物组成的部分-屋顶。这个信封把自己包裹在学校周围，一个一般的体积，光滑的轮廓和柔软的线条，揭示流体内部空间和弹性外部空间，避免了体积之间的破裂。

The Concept: This project is a "landscape as living space" rather than a simple building. There are two distinct parts to the building: a mineral section – the facades – and a section made of plants - the roof. This envelope wraps itself around the school, a general volume with smooth contours and supple lines, revealing fluid interior spaces and elastic exterior ones, avoiding ruptures between volumes.

 © Cyrille Weiner

西里尔·韦纳

这座高度紧凑的建筑向邻里开放，提供了多种视角。游乐场是两个户外的谈话空间，在彼此的视线中，相互衡量(有一天，学龄前儿童将在小学)。整个建筑掩蔽了一个原始的自然环境，在更大的遗址中心，它或多或少是生物多样性的长期催化剂。事实上，这种结构是存在的，因为它的外观发生了变化。通过它作为景观基础的功能，它呈现出一个五、十年后不同的信封，自然的不确定性并不一定会出现在人们所期望的地方。

The highly compact building opens onto the neighbourhood, offering a multitude of perspectives. The playgrounds are two outdoor spaces in conversation, in plain view of one another, gaining the measure of one another (one day the pre-school children will be in primary school). The entire building shelters a primitive natural environment which acts as a more or less long-term catalyst for biodiversity at the heart of the larger site. Indeed, this structure is alive in that its appearance changes. Through its function as a foundation for the landscape, it presents an envelope which will be different in five or ten years’ time, with all the uncertainty of nature, which does not necessarily appear where one might expect...

活墙：工程的“树皮”，活墙，是由预制的混凝土砌块制成的。这些块呈现两种不同的纹理。可见的一面是光滑的，抛光的，它反射光。另一边是肋，粗糙，坚固的纹理，融成一个单一的墙。表面的这种差异有助于将水引导到区块的两侧，从而避免在可见的一面滴水和过早老化。这两种纹理的对立也强调了立面的深度，增强了它的浮雕感。

The Living Wall: The "bark" of the project, the living wall, is made of pre-fabricated blocks of concrete. These blocks present two different types of texture. The visible side is smooth, polished, it reflects the light. The other sides are ribbed, with a rough, rugged texture, melded into a single wall. This difference in surfaces helps to channel water towards the sides of blocks, thus avoiding trickling on the visible side and premature ageing. The opposition of these two textures also emphasizes the depth of the façade and enhances its relief.

 © David Foessel

(C)David Foessel

在较低的部分，高达约两米的高度，独立墙被平滑或向外倾斜，禁止进入外界，但也有潜在的掠食者。墙壁侧面的凹痕也鼓励植被(蕨类植物的碗，慕斯的粗糙混凝土)；小的洞和褶皱是针对动物的(燕子突出，昆虫有多孔的角落)，并作为几种鸟类筑巢的邀请。这些块状的错位增加了不同物种在该地点的潜在栖息地类型。已将巢箱插入混凝土砌块中。它们的尺寸是为诸如红隼、蝙蝠、红胸知更鸟、红雀、普通旋转鸟、雏鸟或燕子等物种设计的。

On the lower section, and up to a height of around two metres, the freestanding wall is smoothed or slopes outwards, barring access to outsiders but also potential predators. The indentations of the side faces of the wall also encourage vegetation (bowls for ferns, rough concrete for mousse); small hollows and folds are aimed at animals (overhangs for swallows, porous nooks for insects) and act as an invitation to nesting for several varieties of bird. The staggering of the blocks increases the types of potential habitat for the different species expected on the site. Nest boxes have been inserted into the concrete blocks. Their dimensions have been designed for species such as kestrels, bats, robin redbreasts, redstarts, common swifts, starlings or swallows.

屋顶：屋顶是一个真正的悬挂花园，离体育馆12米。这里有三个层次的植被：在50厘米长的地球上种植的中温植物草原、灌木-陆地边缘和1米长的林地岛屿。植物群创造的环境走廊的连续性使得物种之间的自然交流成为可能。这座高架花园有两个功能：第一，对于墙壁的动物和它自己的动物，它有丰富的资源(额外的生活栖息地，营养等等)。确保生物多样性的成功。它还有助于改善北部办公大楼和南部公寓的生活条件，呈现出高耸的景观。

The Roof: The roof is a real hanging garden, twelve metres above the gymnasium. It is home to three levels of vegetation: A prairie of mesophilus plants planted in 50 centimetres of earth, a shrub-land fringe and a woodland island planted in 1 meter of earth. The continuity of environmental corridors created by flora enables natural communication between species. This elevated garden has two functions: first, for the fauna of the wall and for its own fauna, it is rich in resources (additional living habitats, nutrition, etc.) ensuring the success of biodiversity. It also contributes to improved living conditions in the office building to the north and apartments to the south, presenting an elevated landscape.

 © David Foessel

(C)David Foessel

该项目：该项目提出了一个混合方案，以建立一所学校，一个体育馆，但也包括第三个因素：鼓励生物多样性。考虑到这三个要素在体积和空间方面的明显限制，我们决定将重点放在充分空间和空间之间，特别是不同地形层次之间的联系的流动性上。

The Project: The project presents a mixed programme to build a school, a gymnasium, but also incorporate a third element: encouraging biodiversity. With distinct constraints in terms of volume and space for these three elements, we have decided to focus on the fluidity of connections between full and empty spaces and especially between different topographical levels.

这些连接为各种元素提供了一个逻辑顺序：直截了当、严谨和支持性的教学空间与具有灵活轮廓的户外游乐空间进行对话，这些空间系统地受制于一个更有趣、更容易进入的景观设计过程，一个涉及视觉连续性的过程。体育馆上升到12米高，学校大多在地面和一楼，然后逐步上升到小学三楼。

These connections provide a logical order for the various elements: the straightforward, rigorous and supportive teaching spaces enter into conversation with outdoor play spaces with flexible contours which are systematically subject to a more playful accessible landscaping process, one involving visual continuity. The gymnasium rises to a height of twelve metres, while the school is mostly on the ground and first floors, and then rises progressively to the third floor for the primary school.

 © Cyrille Weiner

西里尔·韦纳

Architects Chartier Dalix Architectes

Location Boulogne-Billancourt, France

Category Schools

Area 6766.0 sqm

Project Year 2014

Photographs P. Guignard, Cyrille Weiner, David Foessel