© Jaan Sokk

c.Jaan Sokk

架构师提供的文本描述。塔尔图自然之家是动物园、植物园和受树桩启发的学校之间的共生体。

Text description provided by the architects. The Tartu Nature House is a symbiosis between a zoo, botanical garden and school inspired by tree stump.

 Master Plan

该建筑位于一个具有强烈自然特征的地点，其陡峭的山坡和蜿蜒的斜坡环绕着建筑物。中央中庭是Y形平面的心脏，其翅膀指向外部环境。塔尔图自然之家是2010年开放建筑竞赛的结果。

The building is situated on a site which has a strong natural character with its steep hillsides and gentle slopes that curve around the building. The central atrium is the heart of Y-shaped plan and its wings are directed towards the exterior environment. The Tartu Nature House is a result of an Open Architecture Competition held in 2010.

 © Jaan Sokk

c.Jaan Sokk

这所房子被划分成不同的功能区。研究的两翼有车间、教室、实验室、厨房和图书馆，面向西部和北部。南方向的两层高温室机翼，地面上升，容纳鸟类，动物和繁殖的植物，并与户外活动和庭院地区有关。

The house is structured into different functional zones. The study wings with workshops, classrooms, laboratories, kitchen and a library are directed to west and north. The south- oriented two- story high greenhouse wing with a rising floor accommodates birds, animals and proliferating flora and is related to the outdoor activities and courtyard areas.

 © Jaan Sokk

c.Jaan Sokk

庭院区域设置在建筑物的两翼之间，用于户外活动(户外讲座、音乐会、植树、木制品)和与室内共生的工作。园区的研究路径，观景平台和种植园区创造生长环周围的建筑物。

The courtyard areas, set between the wings of the building, are designed for outdoor activities (outdoor lectures, concerts, planting, woodwork) and work in symbiosis with the interior. Park area study paths, viewing platform and plantation zones create growth rings around the building.

 © Jaan Sokk

c.Jaan Sokk

Y形建筑由简单的立方体形状、典型的陡峭山墙屋顶和一排密集的竖直窗户组成。整理材料在色调和自然方面都是自然的。在墙面，地板，家具和细节上继续使用木材的各种处理和表面。缝金属山墙屋顶是典型的历史上的卡洛瓦地区。

The Y- shape building is combined by simple cube- like forms, archetypical steep gable roofs and a dense row of upright windows. Finishing materials are natural in tone and nature. Various treatments and surfaces of wood is used on the facades continuing inside on walls, floors, furniture and detailing. The seamed metal gable roof is typical to the historical Karlova district.

 Floor Plan

虽然这座建筑是专为儿童设计的，而且使用非常热情，但这座城市的居民使用公园面积的密集程度是相当值得注意的。公园里最受欢迎的景点是海狸窝。各种类型的植物都产生了真正的教育影响。

Although the building is designed for children and used very enthusiastically, it is quite remarkable how densely the park area is used by the inhabitants of the city. The absolute favorite attraction in the park is the beaver nest. The various plant types give a real educational impact.

 © Jaan Sokk

c.Jaan Sokk

该建筑由砖石砌块、钢筋混凝土、胶合木和交叉层合木组成.所有施工决策都受到客户的影响，客户希望尽可能多地将天然材料纳入设计中。温室胶水层压木柱和梁暴露，以及钢筋混凝土元素展示在内部。

The building is constructed with masonry blocks, reinforced concrete and, glue- laminated timber and cross laminated timber. All constructional decisions are influenced by the Clients wish to incorporate as much natural materials into the design as possible. The greenhouse glue- laminated timber columns and beams are exposed, just as well as the reinforced concrete elements are exhibited in the interior.  

为了分析建筑节能问题，塔林工业大学进行了一次能源模拟。通过对仿真结果的分析，在设计中引入了较少的窗口空间，提高了窗的导热系数，设计了基于需求的通风系统，并安装了太阳能电池板。Y型建筑温室机翼玻璃表面最多，因此向南方向，向北方向的研究翼窗口空间较小。

To analyze the buildings energy efficiency, Tallinn Technical University conducted an energy simulation. According to the analysis of the simulation less window space was incorporated to the design, thermal conductivity of the windows was improved, demand- based ventilation systems were designed and solar panels were placed. The Y- shaped buildings greenhouse wing has the most glass surface and therefore is directed to the south, the study wing directed to the north has less window space.

 Courtesy of KARISMA Architects

卡里斯马建筑师的礼遇

Architects KARISMA Architects

Location Tartu, Estonia

Category Institutional Buildings

Architect in Charge Martin Kinks, Risto Parve, Kai Süda, Margit Valma, Diana Taalfeld

Project Year 2013

Photographs Jaan Sokk, Taevakaamera OÜ