Pani Community Centre SchilderScholte architects

2015-02-24 21:00

架构师提供的文本描述。荷兰基金会帕尼委托斯奇尔德·肖尔特建筑师在北孟加拉邦的拉贾哈特镇设计一座教育建筑。这对建筑师夫妇接受了这一出于意识形态动机和知识共享的无偿任务。该建筑作为一个社区中心，为来自该地区的人，从蹒跚学步的老人到老年人。

Text description provided by the architects. The Dutch foundation Pani commissioned SchilderScholte architects to design an educational building in the north Bengal town of Rajarhat. The architects couple embraced this pro bono assignment coming from ideological motives and knowledge sharing. The building serves as a community centre for folks from the region, aged from toddlers to elder people.

 Courtesy of SchilderScholte architects

施罗德·肖尔特建筑师的礼遇

在设计过程中，注意力主要集中在当地可获得的材料和天气条件上。我们的出发点是在场地周围15英里的半径范围内使用材料和技术来建造一座建筑。竹子、手工砖、芒果木、再用钢、本地灰浆和薄薄的再生瓦楞纸板是该建筑使用的主要材料。

During the design process attention was mainly focused on locally available materials and weather conditions. The starting point was to realize a building using materials and skills from within a 15 miles radius around the site. Bamboo, hand-shaped brick, Mango wood, reused steel, local mortar and wafer-thin recycled corrugated panels are the main materials used in the building.

 Courtesy of SchilderScholte architects

施罗德·肖尔特建筑师的礼遇

其目的是鼓励当地人了解可持续性和耐用建筑概念的基本原则。实际上，在建造这座建筑物所需的其他必需品和建筑期间几乎没有使用电力或矿物燃料。从而实现环境友好型建筑，在很大程度上为社区做出贡献。该计划(79x105英尺)是东西向的，由两个卷在一个大型的竹屋建筑。

The drive was to encourage locals to become aware on the basic principles of sustainability and durable building concepts. In effect close to zero electricity or fossil fuels were used during construction and other necessities required for erecting this building. Thus realizing an environmentally friendly building that contributes to the community in a significant way. The plan (79x105 ft) is East-West oriented and consists of two volumes under a large bamboo roof construction.

 Courtesy of SchilderScholte architects

施罗德·肖尔特建筑师的礼遇

教室和厕所在南面，在北边，我们发现车间里有商店。两条视线向四面八方穿过大楼。将屋顶提升到高于体积的高度，大大减少了空间内的热量积累。进一步的冷却是通过交叉通风，周围的植被和附近的池塘。随着这一引人注目的设计的完成，建筑师们已经证明，传统的本地资源和材料可以用来建造成功的环境友好型非传统建筑。

The classrooms and lavatories are positioned on the South side and on the North side we find the workshop with store. Two sight lines traverse the building in all four directions. The lifting of the roof high above the volumes has achieved a considerable reduction of heat build up within the spaces. Further cooling is provided by cross ventilation, surrounding vegetation and the nearby pond. With the completion of this striking design the architects have proved that conventional local resources and materials can be used to build successful environmentally friendly unconventional architecture.

 Courtesy of SchilderScholte architects

施罗德·肖尔特建筑师的礼遇

在一个大的U形屋顶下的体积组成创造了开放的空间供公众使用。没有建筑上的损失。在一楼有一个有盖的广场，旁边有一个集体厕所。在第一层，在讲习班的顶部，有一个可自由进入的集会楼供公众集会。这栋建筑的这一部分是由教室里传来的一座人行桥连接起来的。(鼓掌)

The composition of volumes housed under one big U-shaped roof creates interspaces that are open for public use. There is no architectural loss. On the ground floor there is a covered plaza with adjacent collective lavatories. At first level, on top of the workshop, there is a freely accessible assembly floor for public meetings. This part of the building is connected by a footbridge coming from the classrooms.

 Courtesy of SchilderScholte architects

施罗德·肖尔特建筑师的礼遇

竹规

Bamboo Rules

虽然竹子在这个地区被视为劣质材料，但建筑师们却选择用竹子来建造整个屋顶，甚至连车间的墙壁和法国门都用竹子盖住了！因此是对这里制作的竹自行车框架的参考。自行车的最终装配是在车顶的背面进行的。车间的前部面向主干道和自行车店。

Although bamboo is seen as an inferior material in the region, the architects have chosen to make the whole roof construction out of it.  Even the walls and French doors of the workshop are cladded with it! Thus being a reference to the bamboo bicycle frames that are made here. The final assembly of the bikes take place at the backside under the roof. The front of the workshop faces the main road and houses the bicycle shop.

 Courtesy of SchilderScholte architects

施罗德·肖尔特建筑师的礼遇

可持续特征

Sustainable Features

从生物气候的角度来看，建筑的方向允许强调自然交叉通风，这可以防止电风扇的成本。建筑物的屋顶悬挂在两边(东、西)提供遮荫，保护最大的开口不受雨水影响，并将雨水收集到院子里。该概念是结合和优化当地的技术和当地的材料。为此，我们的战略是参与当地建设进程的演变和现代化，而不破坏人口的“知道如何”。

From a bioclimatic point of view the orientation of the building allows to emphasize the natural cross ventilation, which prevents costs with electric fans.  The roof of the building is suspended to both sides (East and West) providing shade, protecting the biggest openings against rain and collecting rainwater into the courtyard. The concept is to combine and optimize local techniques with local materials. For this the strategy is to participate in the evolution and modernization of the local construction processes without a rupture in the ‘’know how’’ of the population.

 Ground Floor Plan

在孟加拉国北部，几乎所有建筑都是用砖块和瓦楞纸板组合建造的，所以我们也建议使用砖块，但采用的是一种优化的、不知名的砖块连接，它不需要整块砖墙来保持稳定，尽量减少成本，保持主要优势，使用当地材料和工艺。U形砖柱支撑着建筑物的南立面，从而形成了一排小的垂直窗户。最终，这可以理解为一堵石墙，大大节省了建筑成本、时间和人力。

In the North of Bangladesh buildings are almost all constructed with bricks in combination with corrugated panels, so we propose also the use of bricks but in an optimized and locally unknow brickwork bond that doesn’t require whole-brick walls for stability, minimizing the costs and maintaining the main advantage, the use of local materials and craftsmanship. U-shaped brick columns support the South facade of the building, thus creating a row of small vertical windows. Ultimately, this can be understood as a single stone wall, a great saving on construction costs, time and labor.

 Courtesy of SchilderScholte architects

施罗德·肖尔特建筑师的礼遇

尺寸的选择非常小心，这样的方式，阳光直接进入教室是最小的，仍然提供最佳的日光照明。此外，在设计中还考虑到了使用附近池塘作为自然通风来冷却教室的问题。该项目所采用的技术也很容易被主要承包商学习和推广，这将有助于当地的建筑现代化。这种当地砖块的使用成本较低，并通过将竹材与混凝土薄地板相结合，减少了建筑木材的使用。这减少了孟加拉国木材短缺以及今后的维修费用。

The dimensions are chosen with great care, in such a way that direct sunlight into the classrooms is minimized still providing in optimal daylight illumination. Also the use of nearby ponds for natural draft to cool the classrooms was taken into account in the design. The techniques use for this project are also very easy to learn and diffused by the main contractor, which will contribute to the local construction modernization. This application of local bricks is less expensive and reduces the use of construction wood by combining bamboo with thin concrete floors. This minimizes the shortage of wood in Bangladesh as well future maintenance costs.

 Upper Floor Plan

上层平面图

一些生物模拟元素在这里进行测试！砖砌的书都是抹灰的，部分是油漆的。室内的墙壁是浅蓝色的，一种能让苍蝇躲避的色调。教室窗户的颜色是黄色的，这是一种特定昆虫不喜欢的颜色。黄色被选择为主要的颜色。它指的是芥菜植物的花朵，这是一种从12月到1月给全国大部分地区着色的作物。灰色和黑色是其他颜色，这反过来又指孟加拉地球的颜色之前和之后的降雨。

Some biomimicry elements are put on the test here! The brick-built volumes are all plastered and partly painted. The interior walls are coloured in light blue, a hue that flies shun. The splay of the classroom windows are painted yellow, a hue that specific insects dislike. Yellow has been opted as the dominant color. It refers to the flowers of the mustard plant, a crop that colors large parts of the country from December to January. Grey and black are the other shades, which in turn refer to the color of the Bengal earth before and after rainfall.