© Sergio Pirrone

c.塞尔吉奥·皮尔龙

架构师提供的文本描述。2010年2月27日，智利发生里氏8.8级地震和海啸。这些事件严重影响了该国中南部的斯蒂西翁市和圣罗莎学校。沿海城市斯蒂是全国受灾最严重的城市之一，80%的破坏主要集中在历史城市中心。圣罗莎学校(SantaRosa School)失去了一栋旧土坯建筑内50%的设施。

Text description provided by the architects. The 27th of February year 2010 Chile was stroke by an earthquake 8.8 on the Richter scale and Tsunami . These events strongly impacted the south central part of the country where the city of Constitucion and Santa Rosa School is located. The coastal city of Constitucion was one of the most devastated cities in the country with 80% destruction concentrated mainly in the historic city center. The Santa Rosa School loose about the 50% of its facilities allocated inside an old adobe building.

 Floor Plan

在初期阶段，土地与私营部门公司和当地非政府组织合作，重点解决眼前的需要，并随后提供紧急解决办法，以便能够延长提出永久解决办法所需的最后期限。这一永久的解决方案，设想的方式，不仅考虑重建学校回来，但重建更好，一个城市的一块被摧毁的城市。

LAND collaborated together with private sector companies and local NGOs from initial stages focusing to solve immediate needs and following on providing emergency solutions that allow extending the deadlines required to produce permanent solutions. This permanent solutions where conceived in a way that would not only consider to rebuild the school back but to rebuild back better an urban piece for the destroyed city.

 © Sergio Pirrone

c.塞尔吉奥·皮尔龙

大约一年后，一个公私伙伴关系为圣罗莎学校的重建提供资金。我们的团队通过解决建筑项目能够同时实现的不同需求和角色来面对重建任务：重建历史城市中心和城市部分，重建地方身份，改善学习环境的条件，并考虑在灾后紧急事件的背景下建立挑战。下文将更详细地解释这些项目资产。

About a year later from the event, a public-private partnership providing funds for the reconstruction of Santa Rosa School materializes. Our team faces the re-building task by solving for different need and roles that the architectural project could achieve simultaneously: Re-habilitate and Urban piece of the Historic city center, Re-habilitate Local Identity, Improve Conditions for Learning Environment, and consider building challenges under the context of emergency post disaster event. These project assets are explained in more detail below.

建筑与城市再适应-地方身份再适应

 Architecture and urban re-habilitation + Local Identity re-habilitation

我们扪心自问，通过重建城市结构，我们如何能够从场地规模上为城市的重建做出贡献？在教学中，我们怎样才能营造一个能够提高教学绩效的环境？

We ask ourselves how we can contribute from the site scale to the reconstruction of the city by re-building a piece of the urban fabric? In Adittion, How we can build an environment that would improve teaching/learning performance?

为实现这一目标，我们提出了三项关键战略：

To achieve this goal, we propose three key strategies:

第一种策略是为城市创建一个公共广场，方法是将建筑立面线倒置到工地内部约4米处(保持一个连续的立面，这也拯救了历史中心老土坯建筑的既有和典型的正式元素)，为宪法中心腾出了140平方米的公共空间。此外，广场提供了学校的主要通道。

The first strategy is to create a public plaza for the city by setting back the building façade line about 4 meters into the site interior area (maintaining a continuous façade which also rescues the pre-existing and typical formal element of the old adobe building at historic center) freeing 140 m2 of public space for the city center of Constitution. In addition the plaza provides the main access to the school.

 © Sergio Pirrone

c.塞尔吉奥·皮尔龙

第二种策略是将位于西北极端的广场空间与雕塑元素结合起来，同时在教堂内部举办学校礼拜堂。这个雕塑元素的灵感来源于这座城市海岸上典型的当地岩层。

A second strategy is to contain the plaza space on the north-west extreme with a sculptural element that at the same time hosts the school chapel inside. This sculptural element was inspired by typical local rock formations seen along the coast of this city.

此外，礼拜堂是一个雕塑元素，加上广场提供的公共空间，目的是为所有将访问这一空间的公民提供一座纪念灾难受害者的纪念馆。

In addition, the chapel being a sculptural element plus the public space provided by the plaza is intended to be a Memorial for the victims of the catastrophe for all citizens that would visit this space.

我们使用当地松木作为项目和陈设的主要材料，促进和鼓励在城市重建中使用木材，以此作为重建特性的一部分，这些材料可供当地使用，并使用易于复制的建筑技术。

We use local pine wood as the main material for the project and furnishings, promoting and encouraging the use of wood in the reconstruction of the city as part of rebuilding an identity with materials that are locally accessible and using easily replicable building techniques.

 © Sergio Pirrone

c.塞尔吉奥·皮尔龙

建筑与教育

Architecture and Education

第三项战略是使用被动的可持续建筑技术，以提高教室内的舒适性，提高无热桥和隔热窗的墙壁保温的能源效率。特别强调通过天窗的光线质量和室内天花板上的透光器。

The third strategy was to use passive sustainable architecture techniques to enhance comfort inside classrooms, increasing energy efficiency in walls insulation without thermal bridges and thermopaneles windows. Special emphasis is given to the quality of light through skylights with light diffusers in the ceiling of the rooms.

在外面，所有的卷内衬松木未刷和安装作为通风正面和涂上白色底漆，以逐渐老化的方式，采取灰色，自然老化的松树颜色，并确保耐久性。

On the outside all volumes are lined with pine unbrushed and installed as ventilated facades and painted with white primers to age in a gradual way toward taking gray naturally aged pine color and ensure durability.

 © Sergio Pirrone

c.塞尔吉奥·皮尔龙

架构与紧急情况

Architecture and Emergency

从结构上讲，该项目是由一个预制的SIP面板系统建造的，用作面板，另外作为支撑预制梁的结构柱LP-I-龙骨，允许大跨度和内部从额外的支柱中解放出来。

Structurally, the project is constructed with a prefabricated system of SIP panels, used as panels and additionally as structural pillars supporting precast beams LP I-Joists, allowing large spans and freeing interiors from additional pillars.

这种结构材料和技术的选择也是由于：(1)需要使用预制低成本的系统来缩短重建时间；(2)在震后重建期间，考虑到稀缺，减少劳动力；(3)在考虑到当地地面极其恶劣的情况下，使用一种轻量化的系统。

The selection of this structural material and technique is also due to: (1) Need to shorten rebuild times using prefabricated low-cost systems, (2) reduce labor considering scarcity in post-earthquake reconstruction period, (3) use a system that would be lightweight considering that the local ground is critically bad.

 © Sergio Pirrone

c.塞尔吉奥·皮尔龙

新重建区内的方案包括：学校主要通道、行政区域、幼儿园和预幼儿园、多用途房、电脑室、浴室、礼拜堂、餐厅/厨房、幼儿园庭院、小礼拜堂、露台餐厅、教职员停车场和停车场，可向康斯蒂库森市开放。

The Program within the new reconstructed area includes: school main access, administration area, kinders and pre kinders, multipurpose room, computer room, bathrooms, chapel, dining / kitchen, kinders courtyard, chapel yard, patio dining, faculty parking and parking access open to the city of Constitución.

 © Sergio Pirrone

c.塞尔吉奥·皮尔龙

Architects LAND Arquitectos

Location Constitución, Constitución, Maule Region, Chile

Category Schools

Architect in Charge Javier Lorenzo

Area 1400.0 m2

Project Year 2013

Photographs Sergio Pirrone

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