© Vincent Fillon

文森·菲永

架构师提供的文本描述。国家斯特拉斯堡大学图书馆(BNU)的原始建筑是荒凉的，以其对称的设计和非常正方形的布局反映了19世纪末的历史主义。20世纪50年代的修复工作掩盖了这一初步设计的部分优点。2006年至2014年期间开展的第三阶段是回归基本工作。原来的中央设计已经恢复，内部和外部的关系重新激活。最重要的是，穹顶由一个中央楼梯突出，它沐浴在仔细观察的光线中。它既是一个象征性的元素，也是一个结构性的元素，它回到了它开始的必胜主义的一种不朽的形式。

Text description provided by the architects. The original architecture of the National Strasbourg University Library (BNU) was wilhelmian and reflected the historicism of the late 19th century with its symmetrical design and its very square layout. Rehabilitation work in the 1950s hid part of the strong point of this initial design. The third phase carried out between 2006 and 2014 was a return to basics. The original central design has been restored, and the relationship between interiors and exteriors reactivated. Above all, the dome has been highlighted by a central staircase that is bathed in very carefully studied light. Both a symbolic and structural element, it returns to a form of monumentality shed of the triumphalism of its beginnings.

 © Vincent Fillon

文森·菲永

地方精神的复兴

A revival of the spirit of place

斯特拉斯堡国立大学图书馆(BNU)位于市中心，是德国占领时期(1871年)的一座著名建筑。对于它的修复，我们希望严格遵守它的不朽建筑。因此，该项目强调了立面的特色造型和放大穹顶，使其从所有内部水平可见。

Strasbourg’s National University Library (BNU), located in the city center, is a prestigious building of the German-occupation period (1871). For its rehabilitation we wanted to scrupulously adhere to its monumental architecture. The project thus emphasized the facade’s characteristic molding and magnified the dome by making it visible from all interior levels.

 © Vincent Fillon

文森·菲永

通过使用特定的建筑词汇，新的空间已经与现有的结构有了明显的区别。三个主要的空间(接待，通道和阅览室)已经处理了独特的可塑性，创造了一个对话与不朽的建筑。这项工作一方面依靠消除干扰阅读卷的原始质量的寄生元素，另一方面依靠建立垂直运动系统和创造新的功能楼层。去除寄生特征的目的是让公众，包括不阅读的公众能够看到穹顶下的书籍。图书馆的身份体现在这一特殊的卷中。

The new spaces have been clearly differentiated from the existing structure by using a specific architectural vocabulary. The three main spaces (reception, passageways and reading rooms) have been treated with distinct plasticity that creates a dialogue with the monumental architecture. The operation relied on the one hand on removing parasitic elements that interfered with a reading of the original quality of the volumes, and on the other, on building a vertical movement system and creating new functional floors. The objective in removing the parasitic features was to make the volumes under the dome accessible and visible to the public, including the non-reading public. The library’s identity is embodied in this exceptional volume.

 Ground Floor Plan

巨大的楼梯位于修复的实际和象征性的心脏。它的27米允许进入每个图书馆的楼层从GF 1到GF 5(12.04米)。楼梯由120条12/12毫米的扶手组成，螺旋上升，将建筑物统一起来，并简化了读取方式。最重要的是，它有助于揭示建筑物的原始穹顶，从而赋予它以前的荣耀。它的78个步骤不仅仅是促进人类移动的主要功能，它成为人们可以相遇的着陆点。

The monumental staircase lies at the actual and symbolic heart of the rehabilitation. Its 27 meters give access to each of the library’s floors from GF+1 to GF+5 (at 12.04 m). Composed of 120 12/12 mm stays, the staircase rises in a spiral that unifies the building and simplifies how it is read. Above all, it helps reveal the building’s original dome, thus conferring on it its former glory. More than just the primary function of facilitating human movement, its 78 steps become landings where people can meet.

 © Vincent Fillon

文森·菲永

为了提供环境质量，鼓励阅读，工作和愉快的清理空间，已经创建了四个平台周围的大中庭。这种安排取代了以前的平台，解放了天花板下舒适的高度，供读者使用。垂直交通枢纽已经放置在新平台的角落。这些角落，对应于前四个庭院，从而成为新图书馆有效运作的神经中枢。因此，它们将为公众提供的主要书籍从技术上的突发事件和安全中解放出来。这种安排为工作人员提供舒适的工作条件，并为大型公共平台提供视觉上的舒适。

So as to provide ambient quality that encourages reading, working and conviviality in the cleared space, four platforms have been created in the perimeter around the great atrium. Replacing the former platforms, this arrangement frees up the comfortable heights under the ceiling for spaces accessible to readers. Vertical traffic hubs have been placed in the corners of the new platforms. These corners, corresponding to the four former courtyards, have thus become the nerve centers for the efficient functioning of the new library. They thus liberate the major volumes intended for the public from technical contingencies and safety. This arrangement enables comfortable working conditions for the staff and provides visual comfort for the big public platforms.

 Longitudinal Section

复杂而微妙的工作

A complex and subtle job

这次大型修复行动的挑战在于维护屋顶和穹顶原有细木工元素的正面，这座19世纪晚期建筑被列为历史纪念碑的原因。

The challenge of this major rehabilitation operation was dictated by maintaining the facades with their original joinery elements in the roofs and the dome, the reasons why this late 19th-century building has been classified as an historical monument.

 © Vincent Fillon

文森·菲永

除了位于穹顶周边的庭院外，大楼的所有封闭部分和覆盖部分都得到了保存，这就要求对工作所需的疏散和供应采取一种方法，唯一的通道是底层的公共部门。

Except for the courtyards located on the dome’s perimeter, filled with new floors, all of the building’s closed and covered parts have been preserved, which called for a methodological approach for the evacuation and supplies required for the job, the only access being the public one on the ground floor.

 © Vincent Fillon

文森·菲永

与外围护不同的是，所有的结构元素和内部隔板都经过改造，以满足21世纪图书馆和现代法规的功能要求。智慧决定了工作应该从藏书楼的三个外翼开始。为保持稳定，现浇蘑菇柱和混凝土楼板的新型结构，有系统地取代了由铸铁柱和板梁组成的既有楼板结构。这一切使其能够满足密实土储存和墙体及防震立面抗震的新要求。

In contrast to the outer envelope, all of the structural elements and interior partitions have been transformed to meet the functional requirements of a 21st-century library and modern- day regulations. Wisdom dictated that work should start on the three exterior wings housing the book stores. So as to maintain stability, the existing floors composed of cast-iron posts and slab beams were methodically replaced by a new structure composed of mushroom posts and concrete floors poured on site. The whole made it possible to meet the new requirements for compactus storage and the seismic resistance of the walls and preserved facades.

 © Vincent Fillon

文森·菲永

作为多年来存储方法发展的例子，两级存储被保留下来。。这两个堆叠水平的现有结构挂在铸铁柱内插入的金属棒上，并附加到新的金属，火稳定结构，安装在最后一层。利普曼(1895年)和斯特劳尔(1950年)的搁置因此被保存在他们原来的设置。

Two-level stores have been preserved as examples of how storage methods have developed over the years. . The existing structure of these two stacked levels hangs from metal rods inserted inside the cast-iron posts and is attached to a new metal, fire-stabilized structure, installed on the last level. The Lipman (1895) and Strafor (1950) shelving has thus been preserved in their original setting.

 © Vincent Fillon

文森·菲永

该工程拆除了由石墙和非常厚的砖块组成的穹顶双层承重结构。因此，这项工作开始于在外墙两侧安装新的金属结构。同时，安装了巨大的脚手架，通过将穹顶起几毫米，使现有的结构完全摆脱了它们的限制。

The project removed the dome’s double, load-bearing structure which was composed of stone walls and very thick bricks. The job therefore began by installing the new metal structure on either side of the exterior wall. At the same time the installation of monumental scaffolding made it possible to completely free the existing structures of their constraints by jacking up the dome a few millimeters.

 © Vincent Fillon

文森·菲永

大混凝土砌块和双金属柱在中庭的角落，从今以后支撑穹顶和所有混凝土地板的边缘延伸到五层。位于前四合院角落的四个楼梯井，也保证了整体的支撑和抗震稳定。当穹顶正在翻新时-每一张铜板都要拆除和继电器-以及安装新的中庭窗和黄铜隔板时，在现有的穹顶上增加了一个新的金属框架，以便能够将这座具有纪念意义的楼梯挂在上面。

Big concrete blocks and double metal posts in the atrium’s corners henceforth support the dome and all the concrete floors that extend around the edges on five levels. The four stairwells located in the corners of the former inner courtyards also ensure the bracing and seismic stability of the whole. While the dome was being renovated — with the removal and relaying of each copper sheet — and the installation of the new atrium window with its brass ribbing, a new metal frame was added to the existing one so as to be able to hang the monumental staircase from it.

 © Vincent Fillon

文森·菲永

这个主要的元素，绕着音质空间绕着8.10米的内部半径，是在车间中以箱梁的形式以分段的形式建造的。一旦在混凝土地板上用密封的插入物连接着陆，楼梯的楼梯就会在现场按段焊接起来，然后再升到12米。然后整个吊索悬挂在距穹顶正方形底部27.5米处，由120根12/12刷过的不锈钢电缆组成。它的形状是通过在两次圆锥旋转的汇流点安装一个圆环来获得的。位于公共图书馆的二楼，通往中庭的楼梯要求，作为著名的主阅览室特征的拱门直脚的下钉，必须加以支撑。拱门被包裹在金属结构中，从而腾出了较低层的空间。

This major element, coiling around aconic space with an 8.10-m inner radius, was built in segments in the form of box beams in the workshop. Once the landings were attached by sealed inserts to the concrete floors, the flights of stairs were soldered by sections on the spot before being hoisted up to 12 meters. The whole was then hung at 27.5 m from the square base of the dome’s spire by a set of 120 12/12 brushed stainless-steel cables. Its shape was obtained by installing a circular ring at the confluence point of two conical revolutions. Located on the second floor from the Place de la République, the staircase leading to the atrium required that the under-pinning of the straight feet of the arches that characterize the prestigious main reading room had to be shored up. The arches were encased in a metal structure thus freeing up space on the lower levels.

 © Vincent Fillon

文森·菲永

连接到地下水位的热泵位于三个储存翼的萝卜下面。所有液体仅垂直分布在商店和中庭新的周边楼层之间的空间中，因此不可能对各种空间的天花板下的高度产生任何影响，这些空间受到立面现有窗户尺寸的限制。

The heat pumps connected to the water-table are located under the rafters of the three storage wings. All fluids are distributed only vertically through the empty space created between the stores and the atrium’s new peripheral floors, thus making it possible not to have any impact on the height under the ceilings of the various spaces limited by the dimensions of the facades’ existing windows.

Architects ANMA

Location Place de la République, 67000 Strasbourg, France

Category Restoration

Area 18800.0 sqm

Project Year 2014

Photographs Vincent Fillon