© Alejandra Carrasco

(Alejandra Carrasco)

架构师提供的文本描述。2014年4月12日瓦尔帕莱索大火发生后，技术大学费德里科圣玛丽亚分校建筑系的学生和教职员工找到了将凤凰社项目应用于实际情况的机会。该项目是在该小组参加2014年欧洲太阳能十项全能项目之后制定的。

Text description provided by the architects. After the fire of Valparaiso on April 12, 2014, students and faculty of the Department of Architecture at the Technical University Federico Santa Maria, find the opportunity to apply Phoenix House project in a real context. The project had been developed after the participation of the team in Solar Decathlon Europe 2014.

 © María Cirano

玛丽亚·西拉诺

菲尼克斯住宅最初是从模块中提出的应急住房的建议，其中前两个模块为建造最终的、永久的优质住房奠定了基础。其中一项要求是考虑到气候因素，同时考虑到纬度、地形和方向等因素，力求达到新的技术条例MINVU(NTM 11 Part 1和2)针对不同地区的标准；一般自建住房甚至不符合现有的热法规。在这一过程中，还包括参与性设计做法，为灾害受害者举办了讲习班。居民可以通过适当确定的预制单元来提议住房空间的分配。后来，建筑师解释了每个家庭的独特需求，这是在最终设计中考虑的。

FENIX House began as a proposal for emergency housing from modules, where the first two modules established the basis for the construction of a final, permanent quality housing. One of the requirements was to design with climate in mind, taking into account factors of latitude, topography and orientation, aiming to meet the standards to be included in the new technical regulations MINVU (NTM 11 part 1 and 2) for different regions of the country; generally self-built housing does not meet even the existing thermal regulations. In the process, participatory design practices were also included, for which workshops with victims of the disaster were made. The inhabitants could propose the distribution of spaces for housing through prefabricated modules to scale, properly identified. Later, the architects interpreted the unique needs of each family which were considered in the final design.

在这方面，小组挑选了Carvajal Huerta家庭，他们失踪的房子位于拉斯卡尼亚斯和埃尔利特尔山丘(瓦尔帕莱索)之间的峡谷中，负责重建新的住房。随着家庭的发展，围场和住房项目的总体布局也就决定了。在施工期间，定期举行会议，共同决定完成工作和其他细节。建造工作由该地区的建筑商和DECEUNINK、Sodimac、VENERG A、Volc N和CINTAC公司提供。

In this context the team selected the Carvajal Huerta family whose missing house was located in the ravine between the Las Cañas and El Litre hills (Valparaiso) to perform the reconstruction of the new housing. With the family, the overall distribution of the enclosures and housing program was decided. During construction, regular meetings were held to decide together finishes  and other details. The construction was carried out with builders from the area and contributions from companies DECEUNINK, SODIMAC, VENERGÍA, VOLCÁN and CINTAC.

 © María Cirano

玛丽亚·西拉诺

该项目是作为一个试验过程制定的，这被视为对家庭和南苏丹过渡联邦联盟小组的一项挑战，因为这一住房系统以前只作为原型建造了两次。

The project was developed as an experimental process, which was taken as a challenge for the family and the UTFSM team, as this housing system was previously built only twice as a prototype.

 © María Cirano

玛丽亚·西拉诺

主要结构是可见的，是预制的木材，这种结构是由地板，天花板和墙壁与不同的本地材料从我们的行业。房子的建筑考虑了城市的典型元素，如北廊和波纹金属壁板。该房产面积为92.5平方米，比其他补贴住房多40%。这是一个宽敞的3卧室的房子，在那里的自然照明是最大限度地考虑到地形的条件。

The main structure is visible and was prefabricated in wood, this structure is enveloped by the floor, ceiling and walls with different local materials from our industry. The architecture of the house considered typical elements of the city, like the north gallery and corrugated metal siding. The property has an area of 92.5 m2, 40% more compared to other subsidized housing. It is a spacious 3-bedroom house where natural lighting is maximized given the conditions of the terrain.

 © Alejandra Carrasco

(Alejandra Carrasco)

计算了不透明外壳，有效地适应了瓦尔帕莱索纬度的特定气候区，其热透射率为0.45W/m2°C，比现行热法规要求的热量低6.6倍。有一个适合其纬度的热包膜，即绝缘良好的墙壁，是对节能和室内气候的重要贡献，这意味着用户有更好的宜居性，对供暖的需求减少到几乎为0。在这种情况下，根据MINVU能源评级的评估，与满足当前热法规的家庭相比，节约将达到所需费用的80%。

The opaque housing envelope was calculated to efficiently adapt to the specific climate zone of the latitude of Valparaiso, the thermal transmittance value is 0.45 W / m2 ° C, which is 6.6 times less than id currently required by thermal regulations. Having a thermal envelope adequate to its latitude, that is, well insulated walls, is an important contribution for energy conservation and indoor climate, which means a better habitability for users and a demand for heating reduced to almost 0. In this case, as assessed by MINVU energy ratings, savings would reach 80% of what is required compared to a home that meets the current thermal regulations.

这座房子还有四个光伏发电板和一个热水太阳能热系统(太阳能/天然气混合系统)。这意味着房子将产生家庭消耗的大部分能源。7.8平方米的光伏电池板允许发电几乎100%的房屋能源需求，每年发电1097千瓦时，其中50%直接用于家庭消费，另一个直接注入网络。同时，太阳能热系统将提供ACS总消耗量的51%，相当于1191千瓦时。

The house also has four photovoltaic panels for electricity generation and a solar thermal system for hot water (mixed solar / gas). Which means that the house will produce much of the energy that the family will consume. 7.8 m2 of photovoltaic panels allow generating almost 100% of the energy demand of the house, generating 1097 kWh / year, of which 50% goes directly to family consumption and the other is injected into the network. Meanwhile, the solar thermal system will supply 51% of the total consumption of ACS, equivalent to 1,191 kWh.

 © María Cirano

玛丽亚·西拉诺

目前，在FIC-R 2015瓦尔帕莱索项目下正在研究和衡量住宅的性能和可居住性，目的之一是证明可持续设计和使用URE的良好做法也可应用于社会住房，而不一定会显著增加其成本。

Currently, the performance and livability of the house are being studied and measured under the FIC-R 2015 Valparaiso Project, one of the purposes is to demonstrate that the good practices of sustainable design and use of URE may also be applied to social housing without necessarily increasing significantly their cost.

该项目的最终目标是建设更高质量的补贴住房，最大限度地增加资源和捐款，并与公共和私营部门(政府-工业-社区)和学术界合作，通过学术界向社区作出具体贡献，促进住房行业的技术创新、实验和创新。

The ultimate goal of this project is to build better quality subsidized housing, maximizing resources and donations and collaborative work with the public and private sector (Government-Industry-Community) and academia, promoting technological innovation, experimentation and creativity in the housing industry by contributing in concrete form from academia to the community.

 © María Cirano

玛丽亚·西拉诺

Architects Equipo UTFSM

Location Valparaíso, Chile

Category Houses

Project Architects Sebastián Rojas, Alejandra Carrasco, Carolina Sepúlveda

UTFSM Academics and Experts Nina Hormazábal, Andrea Pino, Pablo Sills

Project Year 2015

Photographs María Cirano, Alejandra Carrasco

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