© Jack Hobhouse

杰克·霍伯斯

伦敦赫姆塔的传奇乌鸦已经完成了一个新的圈套。坐落在一个草坡的边缘，在塔内最里面的病房里，新的500平方英尺。英国“金融时报”。木结构是鸟类的一个优雅和合适的新家，也是游客靠近乌鸦的绝佳机会，乌鸦是塔最受欢迎的景点之一。

Llowarch Llowarch Architects has completed a new enclosure for the legendary Ravens at HM Tower of London. Perched on the edge of a grassy slope, in the Tower’s inner most ward, the new 500 sq. ft. timber structure is an elegant and appropriate new home for the birds, and an excellent opportunity for visitors to get up close to the ravens which are one of the Tower’s most popular attractions.

 © Jack Hobhouse

杰克·霍伯斯

乌鸦以前的住处已经到了使用寿命的尽头。历史悠久的皇家宫殿，这是一个独立的慈善机构，关心塔，委托建筑师洛洛茨创建一个新的围栏，以解决公众，并带来改善动物的福利和舒适。为鸟类提供一个安全舒适的栖息地也具有国家重要性，因为传说告诉我们，如果乌鸦离开塔，王国就会沦陷。

The ravens’ former accommodation had reached the end of its serviceable life. Historic Royal Palaces, the independent charity that cares for the Tower, commissioned architects Llowarch Llowarch to create a new enclosure that would address the public, and bring improvements to the animals’ welfare and comfort. Providing the birds with a safe and comfortable habitat is also of national importance as legend tells that the Kingdom will fall if the ravens ever leave the Tower.

 © Jack Hobhouse

杰克·霍伯斯

尼古拉·洛洛瓦奇说：“乌鸦是非常聪明的鸟。与鸟类不同的是，鸟类白天可以自由地控制塔楼。在后面的新围场开放允许乌鸦自由出入。晚上，为了保护乌鸦，它们被关闭了。

Nicola Llowarch says “Ravens are highly intelligent birds. Unlike an aviary, the birds have free rein of the Tower during the day. Openings in the rear of the new enclosures allow the ravens free access to come and go. At night these are closed for the ravens’ own protection.  

 © Jack Hobhouse

杰克·霍伯斯

考虑到乌鸦作为顶级景点的地位，乌鸦也需要非常引人注目。一个重要的前提是，鸟类应该在历史背景下被看到，因此通过围栏保持透明度是很重要的。

Given their status as a top attraction, the ravens also needed to be highly visible. An important premise was that the birds should be seen against the backdrop of the historic setting, hence maintaining transparency through the enclosure was important.

新的围封物也必须是敏感和适当的设置-一个教科文组织的世界遗产遗址，预定的古纪念碑，和一级列出的结构。我们与伦敦HM塔的Ravenmaster和来自ZSL伦敦动物园的动物学经理和鸟类策展人的专家意见密切合作。很吸引人。我现在知道了一些乌鸦的名字，以及它们不同的习惯和个性-有一只喜欢装死，这有点令人震惊！

The new enclosures also had to be sensitive and appropriate to the setting - a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Scheduled Ancient Monument, and Grade I listed structures. We worked closely with the Ravenmaster, HM Tower of London, and with specialist input from the Zoological Manager and Curator of Birds, ZSL London Zoo. It’s been fascinating. I now know some of the ravens by name, and their different habits and personalities – there is one that likes to play dead which is a little alarming!.

 © Jack Hobhouse

杰克·霍伯斯

所述完整的围护结构包括一系列与草坡垂直的橡木板条结构。橡树结构里有乌鸦的睡箱。之间的开放空间覆盖着超细不锈钢网，为鸟类创造了四个安全的娱乐区域。从正面看，简单但精心制作的木结构将鸟类置于它们的环境中，在标志性的白塔背景下呈现它们。大的滑动屏幕的后方提供进入打开部分的外壳，同时保持透明度通过。

The completed enclosure comprises a series of oak slatted structures running perpendicular to the grass slope. The oak structures contain the ravens' sleeping boxes. The open spaces between are covered by ultra-fine stainless steel mesh creating four secure recreation areas for the birds. When viewed from the front, the simple but highly crafted wood structures frame the birds in their setting, presenting them against the backdrop of the iconic White Tower. Large sliding screens to the rear provide access to the open sections of the enclosures whilst maintaining transparency through.

 Floor Plan

“有约束的细节”是“低拱门”方法中的一个关键要素。围护结构的设计是通过一系列不同规模的模型演变而来的，这是一个反复研究简化和精化的有意过程，目的是在这一历史背景下尽量减少结构的影响。垂直橡木板条带来了一个隐含的半透明与石头的边界，以及带来了亲密的规模和纹理。橡木和不锈钢网的约束调色板使围栏成为世界遗产的敏感和适当的补充。

“Restrained detailing” was a key element in Llowarch Llowarch’s approach. The enclosure’s design evolved through a series of models at various scales, an intentional process of repeated studies of simplification and refinement aiming to minimise the impact of the structure in this historic setting. Vertical oak slats bring an implied translucency in contrast to the stone boundary, as well as bringing an intimacy of scale and texture. A restrained palette of oak and stainless steel netting makes the enclosure a sensitive and appropriate addition to the World Heritage Site.

 © Edmund Sumner

c.埃德蒙·萨姆纳

建筑师选择的材料参考了他们在塔的历史用途。据信，在十三世纪，在白塔以外的皇家住宅扩建之前，木材结构就占据了这块土地。“乌鸦圈套”旨在夸大每一种材料的固有品质，建筑师与工匠密切合作，共同制作和批准这些材料，包括定期参观制造车间，而不是传统、更遥远的审查和批准施工图的过程。

The architect’s selection of materials references their historic use at the Tower. Timber structures are believed to have occupied the site before the expansion of the Royal Lodgings beyond the White Tower in the thirteenth century. The Raven Enclosure was designed to exaggerate the innate qualities of each material and the architects worked very closely with the craftsmen in a collaborative process of making and approval which involved regular visits to the manufactures workshop rather than the traditional, more distant process of reviewing and approving shop drawings.

根据简要说明，新的木材甲板为扩大教育讲座和讲习班方案提供了空间。屋顶也是一个重要的高度，因为围护是高度可见的墙步道和白塔台阶。从上下文的角度来看，它的高度与乌鸦店附近草坪的高原保持一致。

In line with the brief, a new timber deck provides space for expanded programme of educational talks and workshops. The roof is also an important elevation as the enclosure is highly visible from the Wall Walk and White Tower steps. Contextually its height continues in line with the plateau of the lawn over the Ravens Shop adjacent.

 © Jack Hobhouse

杰克·霍伯斯

HRP委托这项工程作为正在进行的改善伦敦HM塔游客体验的计划的一部分。在那里，塔乌鸦是塔内游客的主要景点之一。

HRP commissioned the works as part of an on-going programme of improvements to the visitor experience at HM Tower of London where the Tower Ravens are one of a number of prime attractions for visitors to the Tower.

Architects Llowarch Llowarch Architects

Location Tower of London, St Katharine's & Wapping, London EC3N 4AB, United Kingdom

Category Other Structures

Area 500.0 ft2

Project Year 2015

Photographs Edmund Sumner