© Franz Reschke

c.Franz Reschke

架构师提供的文本描述。第二次世界大战前，利沃夫三分之一的人口是犹太人，这使它成为东欧犹太人宗教、文化和社会生活的主要中心之一。在1941年至1943年被纳粹德国夷为平地之前，享有盛誉的金玫瑰犹太教堂、大城市犹太教堂和贝丝·哈米德雷什学校是犹太人区的中心。从那时起，这个关键的地点就被忽视了。

Text description provided by the architects. Before World War II, a third of Lviv’s population was Jewish, making it one of Eastern Europe’s major centres of Jewish religious, cultural and social life. The prestigious Golden Rose Synagogue, the Great City Synagogue and the Beth Hamidrash School formed the heart of the Jewish district before being razed to the ground by Nazi Germany between 1941 and 1943. Since then this key site has fallen into neglect.

 © Franz Reschke

c.Franz Reschke

为了纪念并最终珍惜这座城市的犹太遗产，2010年发起了一项国际设计竞赛。景观设计师FranzReschke赢得了比赛，后来与苏菲·扬克工作室合作。他们的设计是通过与国际犹太研究专家、历史学家和当地犹太组织的广泛对话进行的。

With a view to commemorating and finally cherish the city’s Jewish heritage, an international design competition was launched in 2010. Landscape architect Franz Reschke won the competition and later collaborated with Studio Sophie Jahnke. Their design was informed by an extensive dialogue with international Jewish studies experts, historians and local Jewish organisations.

所有的建造都是在可逆性的前提下进行的，并且对未来的过程是开放的。

All constructions were made under the premise of reversibility and are open to future processes.

 © Franz Reschke

c.Franz Reschke

这一概念突出了历史遗址及其遗骸，同时也尊重了社区对它的依恋。它的目的是为情感和智力纪念以及过去和现在之间的生动对话提供一个开放的空间。毁灭留下的空白被蓄意保存，从而表明战前犹太遗产和它的毁灭一样多。金玫瑰犹太教堂的废墟已经被修复和曝光，而贝丝·哈米德雷什的原始基础则被抽象的轮廓所视觉化。基于大城市犹太教堂足迹的犹太教堂广场将在未来几年内完工。

The concept highlights the historical site and its remains, while respecting the community’s attachment to it. It aims to offer an open space both for emotional and intellectual commemoration as well as for a lively dialogue between the past and the present. The void the destruction has left is deliberately preserved and thereby indicates the pre-war Jewish heritage as much as its obliteration. The ruins of the Golden Rose Synagogue have been restored and exposed, while the original foundations of Beth Hamidrash have been visualised by an abstract outline. The Synagogue Square, based on the footprint of the Great City Synagogue, shall be completed in the next few years.

 © Franz Reschke

c.Franz Reschke

纪念具有不同建筑和个人用途的三座建筑，创造了三种截然不同的氛围：真实性、活力和不适感。现场本身故意不提供事实资料，只能在其外围找到。然而，永久纪念碑的装置，一个黑色的石头排列，展示生动的证词，无论是活跃的犹太人生活和威胁的犹太人生活在数百年来，引用犹太当代证人的话。

Commemorating three buildings with differing architecture and individual purposes, three distinct atmospheres are created: authenticity, vivacity and discomfort. Factual information is deliberately not provided on the site itself, and is only to be found at its periphery. Yet, the Perpetuation memorial installation, an arrangement of dark stones, displays vivid testimonies of both the lively and the threatened Jewish life throughout the centuries, quoting Jewish contemporary witnesses.

 © Franz Reschke

c.Franz Reschke

新址的设计和物质性明显地对比了周围的历史城市空间。因此，空旷的空间是显而易见的，而结构的细节和材料有意放弃了美化和功能化的设计。贝丝·哈米德雷什的轮廓虽然是用白色预制混凝土建造的，但由于它离地面的高度和掺合天然石料的苍白质地，所以显得很轻。这种优质白色混凝土的制备对乌克兰制造商来说是极具挑战性的。

The design and materiality of the new site conspicuously contrast the surrounding historical urban space. Thereby the empty space is noticeable as such while the structure’s details and materials intentionally abstain from aestheticized and functionalized design. Though being constructed of a heavy frame of white prefabricated concrete, Beth Hamidrash’s outline appears light due to its elevation off the ground and the pale texture of admixed natural stone. The preparation of this high-quality white concrete has been extremely challenging for Ukraine manufacturers.

 © Franz Reschke

c.Franz Reschke

当进入贝丝·哈米德雷什的轮廓时，游客们使一个安静而隐居的花园恢复了生机，一个明亮的草坪被刺槐树的阴影冲走了。一个木制平台回溯了被摧毁的金玫瑰犹太教堂的木制妇女画廊。永久纪念碑的黑色天然石板形成了一个线性的，但偏置的组成。他们用白色印着目击者的名言和大量像素化的图像，暗示着该地点以前的教育使命。石板的切割变体标志着大屠杀的毁灭，因为这些石板是由石板制成的，而且会随着时间的推移而变坏。参观者被邀请使用粉笔碎石板表面的碎屑，用他们个人的想法来标记这些空的石板。

When entering Beth Hamidrash’s outline visitors bring to life a calm and reclusive garden with a bright lawn washed by the locust trees’ shadows. A wooden platform retraces the destroyed wooden women’s gallery of the Golden Rose Synagogue. The Perpetuation memorial’s slabs of dark natural stone form a linear yet offset composition. Imprinted in white with witnesses’ quotes and heavily pixelated images, they hint at the location’s former educational mission. The cut variations of the slabs mark the Holocaust’s destruction as these are made of slate and will weather over time. Visitors are invited to mark the empty slabs with their personal thoughts by using pieces of the crushed chalk stone surfacing.

 © Sophie Jahnke

苏菲·扬克

Architects Franz Reschke Landscape Architecture

Location Lviv, Lviv Oblast, Ukraine

Category Memorial Center

Architect in Charge Franz Reschke

Area 800.0 m2

Project Year 2016

Photographs Sophie Jahnke , Franz Reschke

Manufacturers Loading...