© Martina Rubino

马蒂娜·鲁比诺

叙利亚内战使数百万人流离失所，其中大多数是儿童，其中大多数人由于缺乏学校而没有接受教育。

The Syrian civil war has displaced millions of people, most of them are children, most of them do not receive an education because of a lack of schools.

 © Martina Rubino

马蒂娜·鲁比诺

应急体系结构

Emergency Architecture & Human Rights is building sand-bag schools to host Syrian and Jordanian children in Za’atari village, located just outside the Za´atari refugee camp, 10 km from the Syrian border. A vast majority of people who have been displaced from Syria are now living informally within the host community, hence they are often found without access to social security, sanitation, and educational facilities.

 Elevations, Sections and Plans

海拔、剖面和平面图

扎塔里村目前有15 000名叙利亚人和13.000名约旦人。埃及人权协会与约旦地方社区和一个地方非政府组织合作，扩大了现有学校的规模，以增加学生接受教育的人数：学校将在上午供儿童使用，下午由成年人使用，他们将利用这一空间学习阅读和写作技能。

Za’atari village is currently home to15,000 Syrians and 13.000 Jordanians. EAHR, in collaboration with the local community and a local NGO, Acting for Change Jordan, implemented an extension to the existing school in order to increase the number of students access to education: the school will be used by children in the morning and by adults during the afternoon, who will use the space to learn reading and writing skills.

 © Martina Rubino

马蒂娜·鲁比诺

教室是用超级土坯技术建造的。这座建筑的灵感来源于Djenné大清真寺、马里的传统地球建筑以及源自阿勒颇和霍姆斯的叙利亚本土蜂房结构，许多难民都来自那里。

The classroom was built with the superadobe technique. The construction is inspired by the Great Mosque of Djenné, traditional earth architecture from Mali and vernacular beehive house structures of Syria originating form Aleppo and Homs, where many of the refugees come from. 

 © Martina Rubino

马蒂娜·鲁比诺

由于建筑方法和材料的选择有限，加之夏热冬冷的恶劣环境，蜂巢式建筑是学校建设的一种可行的解决方案。这种建筑技术不需要高抗拉强度的增强材料，可以用不熟练的劳动力快速建造，在隔热方面比帐篷、水泥块和波纹金属板表现得更好。与类似尺寸的水泥砌块结构相比，施工费用减少了一半。

Due to the limited choice of building methods and materials, and the harsh environment characterized by hot summers and cold winters, the beehive style is a viable solution for a school construction. This kind of building technique does not require high-tensile-strength reinforcements and can be built quickly with unskilled labor, performing better than tents, cement blocks and corrugated metal sheets in terms of thermal insulation. In comparison with a cement block structure of similar dimensions, the costs for construction were halved.

 © Martina Rubino

马蒂娜·鲁比诺

 © Martina Rubino

马蒂娜·鲁比诺

在施工过程中，EAHR对当地工人进行了超级土坯施工方法的培训，这些方法还可以增加生计，增强当地社区的复原力。这种方法有望使这些技能被重新采用，以便在周围的非正式定居点和叙利亚未来重建期间建造更可持续、低成本和节能的建筑。

During the construction, EAHR trained local workers on super-adobe construction methods which can also increase livelihoods and strengthen the resilience of the local community. This method hopefully allows these skills to be re-adopted to build more sustainable, low-cost and energy efficient buildings within the surrounding informal settlements and during Syria’s future reconstruction.

 © Martina Rubino

马蒂娜·鲁比诺

Architects Emergency Architecture & Human Rights

Location Zaatari Village, Jordan

Lead Architects J. Lobos, M. Di Marco, M. Bo Rubino, A. Maggiolo

Area 28.0 m2

Project Year 2017

Photographs Martina Rubino

Category Small Scale