© Fernando Guerra | FG+SG

费尔南多·格拉

架构师提供的文本描述。直到20世纪中叶，该遗址仍是里斯本西北部本菲卡的一个农业区。一条水流(Ribeira De Alc Ntara)为确保肥沃土地提供了充足的水。水流和喷泉是一个地标。方特·诺瓦(英文)(新喷泉)成为该地区的通俗名称。在里斯本的城市结构中，一条重要的道路穿过了这个地点：Estrada de Benfica。六十年代，修建了辐射式城市道路(2a环线)。一个2级圆形的立交桥把场地分成了两半。这一状况对该地区产生了重大影响：农场被毁，当地道路和道路的连续性被破坏。多年来，该网站成为一个停车场，并最终使用所有可用的空间。

Text description provided by the architects. Until mid 20th century, the site area was a farming territory in Benfica, northwest Lisbon. A water stream (Ribeira de Alcântara) provided plenty water to assure fertile lands. Water streams and fountains were a landmark. Fonte Nova (in eng. New Fountain) became the popular name from which the area was known. The site was crossed by an important road in Lisbon’s urban fabric: Estrada de Benfica. In the sixties, the radial city road (2a Circular) was built. A flyover of 2ª Circular divided the site in half. This condition had a big impact in the area: the farms were destroyed and the continuity of local roads and pathways were broken. Over the years, the site became a parking lot, and end up using all the space available.

 © Fernando Guerra | FG+SG

费尔南多·格拉

 © Fernando Guerra | FG+SG

费尔南多·格拉

 © Fernando Guerra | FG+SG

费尔南多·格拉

50年来，停放的汽车的大量存在一直是主要的现场特征。2015年，里斯本市政厅发布了一项城市发展总体计划，以改善城市社区的广场：“Uma Cidade em Cada Bairro”。该项目占地3，5公顷，其战略是确定一个延伸的铺装区，目的是重建停车场和立交桥建设时失去的连接，这是一个机会，使停车场面积减少50%，有利于软性移动和休闲空间。该项目旨在吸引所有年龄层的人，使其具有包容性、友好性和随意性。空间的使用可以是积极的，也可以是沉思的。所有的人都应该很容易理解公共空间。

For 50 years, the massive presence of parked cars was the main site feature. In 2015, Lisbon City Hall released an urban development master plan to improve the city neighborhood’s squares: “Uma Cidade em Cada Bairro”. The project area was 3,5 hectares and the strategy was to define an extended paved area that aimed to re-establish the connections lost when the parking lot and flyover was built.This operation was an opportunity to reduce by 50% the parking lot area in favor of soft mobility and leisure spaces. The project aimed to be attractive to people of all ages, to be inclusive, friendly and casual. The use of space can be active or contemplative. The public space should be easily understood by all.

 © Fernando Guerra | FG+SG

费尔南多·格拉

 © Fernando Guerra | FG+SG

费尔南多·格拉

广场设计利用现有的树木-蒂普纳-蒂普。森林得到了保护，保存了所有的标本，给了它们生长的空间。这棵树的阴影和空地成了一个重要的地点特征。路面是在混凝土中，在特定的位置，它被“岛屿”形式的休闲空间点缀着。在每一个“岛屿”内都有不同的活动，有亭和梯田，一个喷泉，一个狗公园，一个游乐场和两个花园区。这些岛屿的形态受到混凝土台阶边界的限制。有4种板凳类型：直，曲线和2种类型的个别座椅，不同的背角。天桥覆盖的区域在夜间照明，允许24小时的多种活动，受阳光和雨水的保护。这种材料耐用性强，易于维护。

The square design takes advantage of the existing trees – tipuana-tipu. The forest was conserved, keeping all the specimens, giving them room to grow. The tree’s shadows and clearings became an important site feature. The pavement is in concrete, in specific locations, it’s punctuated by leisure spaces in the form of “islands”. Inside each of these “islands” different activities take place. There are kiosks and terraces, a fountain, a dog park, a playground and two garden areas. The islands forms are limited by concrete bench boundaries. There are 4 bench types: straight, curve and 2 types of individual seats with different back angles. The area covered by flyover is lit during the night allowing 24 hours of multiple activities, protected by the sun and by the rain. The materials are resistant and easy to maintain. 

 © Fernando Guerra | FG+SG

费尔南多·格拉

他们的选择是使用里斯本公共空间中常见的材料，比如流行的“Vidra o”石头或适合每一项活动的花岗岩。在很多情况下，我们可以清理和再使用现场的人行道，比如在一个“岛”里，一条60年代设计的路面被完全重复使用。车道被修改：车道宽度降低到较低的车速，公交专用道被规划成更好的性能。增加了人行道的宽度，以保证行人的安全和舒适，并适合特殊的移动需求。一条自行车道连接到里斯本的自行车道网络。为了晚上使用公共空间，它安装了一个新的LED路灯系统。一个温暖的色调彩灯面向地面，一个较冷的色调灯面对着树的冠冕。由于干预范围大，工程分阶段进行。这一战略一方面减少了作品对用户日常生活的影响；另一方面，用户可以逐渐了解并使用翻新后的空间。

The choice was to use materials common in Lisbon’s public spaces like the popular “vidraço” stone or granite suitable for each activity. In many cases it was possible to clean and reuse pavements found onsite like, in one “island”, where a pavement with a sixties design was totally reused.The road lanes were modified: the car lanes widths were reduced to lower car speed and the bus lanes were planned for better performance. The sidewalks width increased for pedestrian safety and comfort and suitable for special mobility needs. A bike lane was implemented connected to Lisbon’s bike lane network. For night use of the public space, it was installed a new system of LED street lights. A warm tone color light faces the ground and a cooler tone light faces the tree’s crowns. Because of the intervention area with a large extension, the construction works were made by phases. This strategy allowed, on one hand, to decrease the impact of the works in the user’s daily lives; on the other hand, it was possible for the users to gradually get to know the renovated space and use it. 

 © Fernando Guerra | FG+SG

费尔南多·格拉

 © Fernando Guerra | FG+SG

费尔南多·格拉

行人循环变得更加流动和安全，保护和远离汽车循环。人们聚集在“岛屿”周围，坐在长凳上。“岛屿”被认为是视觉上有趣的。根据天气的不同，人们，单独或分组，寻找阴影或阳光的地区坐下。独处时，人们喜欢在树下读书或放松。当在一个群体中，人们倾向于以非正式的方式坐着，面对面地交谈。“岛屿”地区周围的长椅、操场、狗公园和咖啡露台成为聚集地。新的路灯系统，特别是在天桥地区，提高了安全感，更多的用户在晚上和夜间使用该空间。在干预之前，社区缺乏公共社会互动的空间。PRA a Fonte Nova正逐渐成为这一领域。一个欢迎所有人的空间，一个自由和安全的地方，那里有一种社区感。

Pedestrian circulation became more fluid and safe, protected and away from the car circulation. People gather around the “islands”, sitting on the benches. The “islands” are perceived as visually interesting. Depending on the weather, people, alone or in groups, look for shaded or sunny areas to sit. When alone, people tend to read or relax under the trees. When in a group people tend to sit in informal ways, facing each other’s to talk. The benches around the “island” areas, the playground, dog park, and the coffee terraces on the area became gathering spots. The new street light system, especially in the flyover area, improved a sense of safety and more and more users from all ages use the space at evening and night times. Before the intervention, the neighborhood lacked a space of public social interaction. Praça Fonte Nova is gradually becoming that space. A space that welcomes all, a place of freedom and safety, where a sense of community takes place.

 © Fernando Guerra | FG+SG

费尔南多·格拉

Architects José Adrião Arquitetos

Location Alameda Manuel Ricardo Espírito Santo, 1500-501 Lisbon, Portugal

Architect in Charge José Adrião

Project Manager João Albuquerque Matos

Team Ana Grácio, Ana Santos, Carla Gonçalves, Carolina Calmon, Gonçalo Ponces, Margarida Farinha, Ricardo Aboim Inglez, Tiago Mota, Tomás Forjaz

Area 35000.0 m2

Project Year 2017

Photographs Fernando Guerra | FG+SG, Hugo Santos Silva

Category Public Architecture