Elephant House Foster + Partners

2018-04-04 00:00

 © Richard Davies

(Richard Davies)

架构师提供的文本描述。哥本哈根动物园坐落在一个历史悠久的皇家公园内，毗邻弗里德利克斯堡宫，是欧洲最古老的动物园之一，也是丹麦最受欢迎的文化机构之一，每年有120万游客。动物园最受欢迎的居民之一是印度大象。这座新的大象屋的设计起点是为这些壮丽的动物提供一个健康、刺激的环境，并在此过程中创造出便于游客观看和欣赏的空间。

Text description provided by the architects. Set within a historic royal park, adjacent to the Frederiksberg Palace, Copenhagen Zoo is among the oldest zoos in Europe and one of Denmark’s most popular cultural institutions, with 1.2 million visitors a year. Among the Zoo’s most visited inhabitants are the Indian elephants. The starting point for the design of this new Elephant House was to provide these magnificent animals with a healthy, stimulating environment and in the process to create easily accessible spaces from which visitors can see and enjoy them.

 © Richard Davies

(Richard Davies)

对大象社会形态的广泛研究提供了设计线索。野牛象远离牧群的倾向表明，围绕着两个单独的围场组织了一项计划。这些围护被挖掘到斜坡场地，以尽量减少建筑物在景观中的物理影响，并优化其被动热性能。覆盖着玻璃圆顶，空间保持着强烈的视觉联系与天空和变化的模式的日光。游客从入口广场进入门厅，由坡道引向教育空间，沿途可欣赏到围场的景色。在这条路线的尽头，宽阔的公共露台在牧群围场上提供了壮丽的景色。动物和游客之间的障碍是谨慎的，围场的墙壁被隐藏在一个线性的水池中，这样游客就会在公园的景观中遇到大象，这是另一个“惊喜”。

Extensive research into elephants’ social patterns provided design cues. The tendency for bull elephants in the wild to roam away from the herd suggested a plan organised around two separate enclosures. These enclosures are dug into the sloping site, both to minimise the building’s physical impact in the landscape and to optimise its passive thermal performance. Covered with glazed domes, the spaces maintain a strong visual connection with the sky and changing patterns of daylight. From the entrance square visitors enter the foyer and are lead by ramps down into an educational space, with views into the enclosures along the way. At the end of this route, broad public terraces offer splendid views across the herd paddock. Barriers between the animals and visitors are discreet, and the paddock walls are concealed in a linear pool so that the visitor encounters the elephants as another ‘surprise’ in the landscape of the park.

 © Nigel Young

(Nigel Young)

值得注意的是，这座建筑为大象的身体健康设定了新的生态标准。主围场让六头牛和小牛聚集在一起，睡在一起，就像它们在野外一样，而地板被加热以保持它们的干燥，从而保持动物脚的健康。该设计的其他方面来自对大象自然栖息地的研究。围场重建了一段干涸的河床，就像在雨林边缘发现的一样-这是亚洲大象最喜欢的地方。它的泥洞，水池和遮阳物体，是一个动物能够自由玩耍和互动的地方。

Significantly, the building sets new zoological standards in terms of the elephants’ physical well-being. The main enclosure enables the six cows and calves to congregate and sleep together, as they would in the wild, while the floors are heated to keep them dry and thus maintain the health of the animals’ feet. Other aspects of the design resulted from research into the elephants’ natural habitat. The paddocks recreate a section of dry riverbed as found at the edge of the rainforest – a favourite haunt of Asian elephants. With its mud holes, pools and shading objects, it is a place where the animals are able to play and interact freely.