© Elisa Grinland

C.酶联免疫吸附试验

架构师提供的文本描述。纽约-奥列苏德是挪威斯瓦尔巴群岛西斯皮斯卑尔根岛上的一个研究镇。这是地球上最北端的聚居地，永久人口为30-35人，夏季增加到120人。纽约-奥列苏德1917年作为煤矿工人的聚居地成立，但在1960年代停止了煤矿开采，该镇变成了一个研究聚落。目前，有16个由来自10个国家的科学家管理的研究站。挪威测绘局(Kartverket)建立并由NASA开发的一个新的地球观测站将是这份名单中的第17个。

Text description provided by the architects. Ny-Ålesund is a research town on the island of West Spitsbergen of Norwegian archipelago Svalbard. This is the northernmost settlement on Earth with a permanent population of 30-35 people, which increases in the summer to 120. Ny-Ålesund was founded as a settlement of coal miners in 1917, but in the 1960s coal mining was discontinued and the town was converted into a research settlement. Currently, there are 16 research stations run by scientists from 10 countries. A new earth observation station established by the Norwegian Mapping Authority (Kartverket) and developing by NASA will be the seventeenth in this list.

天文台是全球空间大地测量站网络和基于卫星的基础设施(GNSS)的最新补充。北极站将进行高精度的时间测量，帮助跟踪冰原的变化，提高海洋运输和农业的效率，测量当地重力范围的变化和与轨道卫星的精确距离。主要的工具，应该完成上述所有，将是一种新的先进的卫星激光由美国宇航局提供。为这样高科技的填充设计了一个外壳，委托给LPO arkitekter的Svalbard办公室。

The observatory is the latest addition to a global network of space geodetic stations and satellite-based infrastructure (GNSS). The Arctic station will make high-precision time measurements, help track changes in the ice sheets, improve the efficiency of marine transportation and agriculture, measure changes in the local gravity range and accurate distance to orbiting satellites. The main tool, which should accomplish all of the above, will be a new state-of-the-art satellite laser provided by NASA. Design a shell for such a high-tech filling was entrusted to the Svalbard office of LPO arkitekter.

 © Hanne Jørgensen

c.Hanne J rgensen

地球观测站由五个主要组成部分组成：台站大楼、两个甚长基线干涉测量天线、SLR(卫星激光测距)大楼和重力仪大楼。车站、天线和SRL大楼是通过内置的走道连接起来的，代表了面向东北方向的交叉规划。重力仪的建筑是分开的。十字形的形式看上去非常具有代表性，然而，就像建筑物的方向一样，它并不是出于审美考虑，而是由于雪堆的分析。

The Earth Observatory consists of five main elements - Station building, two VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry) antennas, SLR (Satelite Laser Ranging) building and Gravimeter building. The station, antennas and SRL building are connected by a built-in walkway and represent a cross in plan oriented to the north-east. Gravimeter building is located separately. The cross-shaped form looks very iconic, however, like the orientation of the building, it is not due to aesthetic considerations, but to the snowdrift analysis.

 © Hanne Jørgensen

c.Hanne J rgensen

“我们进行了CFD(计算流体力学)分析，并调整了地面上方的形状和高度，以确保入口处不会被积雪堵塞”-负责这部分工作的厄斯坦·考尔·卡特韦德(Oystein Kaul Kartvedt)告诉记者。这些建筑物通过打桩固定在下面的岩石上。为了保护野生动物和避免地面永久冻土融化，建筑物在地面上方一米高。入口面向西南方向，以避免干扰该地区脆弱的动物生活。风主要是从东南方向吹来的，所以建筑物的设计是为了避免入口前面的积雪。所有的建筑物都是不对称的，不同的立面坡度，改善了空气动力性能。

“We performed a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) analysis, and tuned the shape and height above the ground to make sure the entrance would not be blocked by snow deposit” - told Øystein Kaul Kartvedt, who was responsible for this part of work. The buildings are secured by piling to the underlying rock. To preserve wildlife and avoid melting the ground permafrost, the buildings are raised a meter above the ground. The entrance faces southwest to avoid disturbing the vulnerable animal life in the area. The wind primarily blows from southeast, so the buildings are designed to avoid snowdrifts in front of the entrance. All buildings are asymmetric with different angles of facade slope, which improves aerodynamic properties.

车站大楼是天文台的“心脏”。这座大楼内有所有必要的操作设施。在底层，有车库和车间，储藏室，淡水和化粪池房间。所有房间都可以直接从外面进入。在二楼，设有控制室的观察部位于中心。从这里，操作人员可以清楚地看到两个VLBI天线和视觉触点进入隔壁的机房。此外，还为休息区分配了小厨房的空间。工厂没有安排24小时连续运行，但是，带有卧室和浴室的住宿适合紧急情况或特殊需要。

The station building is the "heart" of the observatory. The building contains all necessary facilities for operation. On the ground floor, there are garage and workshop, storage room, freshwater, and septic tank rooms. All rooms have direct access from the outside. On the second floor, the observation department with the control room is centrally located. From here, operators have a clear view of the two VLBI antennas and visual contact into the computer room next door. There is also allocated space for break area with mini kitchen. The plant is not scheduled for 24 hours continuous operation, however, accommodation, with a bedroom and bathroom, is suitable for emergency situations or for special needs.

 © Hanne Jørgensen

c.Hanne J rgensen

单反大楼是从车站大楼通过一座人行桥到达的。这座大楼由一个手术室和一个激光室组成。在激光室，美国宇航局最新的先进卫星激光装置在岩石上的一个独立的基础上，不受建筑物结构的影响。在激光上，一个足以打开和打破在斯瓦尔巴德寒冷的冬天可能堆积在顶部的冰层的穹顶安装在屋顶上。

The SLR building is reached from Station building via a footbridge. The building consists of an operating room with storage and a laser room. In the laser room, NASA’s new state-of-the-art satellite laser is put on a separate foundation on the rock, free from the structure of the building. Over the laser, a dome strong enough to open and break the ice that might accumulate on top during Svalbard's frigid winters is mounted on the roof.

 Elevations 1

（水平或数量）提高( elevation的名词复数 ) 1

重力仪大楼位于观测站的北端。通过楼梯从外面进入门廊。从门廊，你必须有视觉接触，通过一个大的玻璃重力仪空间。重力仪有三个独立的基础。地基应与建筑物的结构无关。建造这座人行桥是为了保护自然和野生动物免受人类活动的伤害。行人天桥连接车站、SLR大楼和两个VLBI天线，并应作为从天线到车站大楼的电缆的主要路径。电缆比赛应该有一个稳定的温度对应的温度在相邻的房间。

The Gravimeter building is located at the north end of the Observatory site. Access is via stairs from outside into a porch. From the porch, you must have visual contact into the gravimeter space through a large glass. There are three separate foundations for the gravimeter instruments. The foundations should be independent of the structure of the building. The footbridge is built to shield nature and wildlife against human activity. The footbridge connects the Station, the SLR building, and two VLBI antennas, and should be used as the lead path for cables from the aerials to the Station building. The cable race should have a stable temperature corresponding to the temperature in the adjacent room.

 © Hanne Jørgensen

c.Hanne J rgensen

从人行桥可以直接进入VLBI天线。从车站到SLR大楼内建的走廊的立面上的窗户形成了弯曲的装饰物，这可能是这个项目中唯一的一个更具有装饰性而不是功能性的时刻。该天文台正在满足挪威对低能耗建筑的严格标准。所有承重元件都是交叉层合木，外墙隔热，墙壁和屋顶上覆盖未经处理的云杉镶板。随着时间的推移，这些建筑物将变成灰色，并与周围的景观融为一体。尽管主要建筑工程已于2015年底完工，但天文台将于2018年6月启用。到2022年，所有的系统都会正常工作。

From the footbridge, there should be direct access to the VLBI antennas. Windows on the facades of the built-in walkway from the Station to SLR building form a meander ornament, probably the only moment in this project that is more decorative than functional. The observatory is fulfilling strict Norwegian standards for low-energy buildings. All the loadbearing elements are cross-laminated timber, insulated on the outside and clad with untreated spruce paneling on walls and roofs. The buildings will turn grey with time and blend into the surrounding landscape. Despite the fact that the main construction work was completed at the end of 2015, the observatory is to open in June 2018. All the systems should work by 2022.

 © Hanne Jørgensen

c.Hanne J rgensen

Architects LPO arkitekter

Location Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard and Jan Mayen

Lead Architects Arvid Rønsen Ruud

Area 850.0 m2

Photographs Hanne Jørgensen, Elisa Grinland

Category Science Center