© Fernando Alda

(费尔南多·阿尔达)

架构师提供的文本描述。一些建筑物分布在整个铁路网上，为居住提供空间，为轨道和基础设施维护人员提供“大本营”。

Text description provided by the architects. A number of buildings are distributed along the whole railroad network to furnish a space for staying, a “base camp” for tracks and infrastructure maintenance staff.

Text description provided by the architects. A number of buildings are distributed along the whole railroad network to furnish a space for staying, a “base camp” for tracks and infrastructure maintenance staff.

 © Fernando Alda

(费尔南多·阿尔达)

 © Fernando Alda

(费尔南多·阿尔达)

由于所面临的挑战是发展一座可拆除的建筑物，其位置可能会随着时间的变化而改变，因此人们认为，必须采取专制或封闭的办法，尽量减少建筑物对环境的依赖。此外，由于建筑物将非常靠近铁轨、噪音污染和可用地形的废弃状态，因为它位于铁路区域内，因此建筑物必须着眼于内部，以尽量减少设计中上下文的出现，因为这种背景是可变的，很难吸引人。

As the challenge is to develop a dismountable building whose location may change with time, it is considered indispensable to go to an autocratic or hermetic approach to minimize the dependencies of the building with respect to the environment. Moreover, as the building is to be located very close to the railroad tracks, the noise contamination and the state of abandonment of the available terrain because it is inside a railroad zone, the building has to be looking at the inside to minimize the incidence of the context in the design since this context is variable and hardly attractive.

As the challenge is to develop a dismountable building whose location may change with time, it is considered indispensable to go to an autocratic or hermetic approach to minimize the dependencies of the building with respect to the environment. Moreover, as the building is to be located very close to the railroad tracks, the noise contamination and the state of abandonment of the available terrain because it is inside a railroad zone, the building has to be looking at the inside to minimize the incidence of the context in the design since this context is variable and hardly attractive.

 © Fernando Alda

(费尔南多·阿尔达)

另一方面，维修人员的工作种类，包括许多小时的户外工作，加强了为他们提供庇护的观念，一个封闭的地方，为他们提供庇护，而不明显放弃自然光照和通风的基本准则。然后，问题在于不忘记温度、方向或环境等外部因素，而是使设计独立于这些因素；它在于作出适当的设计决策，提供漫射辐射而不是直接阳光照射，室内景观而不是外部景观，形式抽象而不是精确定位。

On the other side, the type of work of maintenance staff which includes many hours of outdoors tasks, strengthen the idea of offering them a refuge, a closed place to give shelter to them without obviously giving up basis criteria of natural illumination and ventilation. Then the problem consists in not forgetting external factors such as temperature, orientation or environment but making the design independent from these factors; it consists in taking the adequate design decisions to offer diffuse radiation instead of direct sun exposure, interior landscape instead of outside views, formal abstraction instead of precise location.

On the other side, the type of work of maintenance staff which includes many hours of outdoors tasks, strengthen the idea of offering them a refuge, a closed place to give shelter to them without obviously giving up basis criteria of natural illumination and ventilation. Then the problem consists in not forgetting external factors such as temperature, orientation or environment but making the design independent from these factors; it consists in taking the adequate design decisions to offer diffuse radiation instead of direct sun exposure, interior landscape instead of outside views, formal abstraction instead of precise location.

 © Fernando Alda

(费尔南多·阿尔达)

考虑到这一办法，并考虑到预算限制，决定采用纵向形状的工业化要素，以优化其形状因素，同时使之适应相当狭窄、几乎与轨道平行的地块形态。建筑物的方向性是唯一能得到保证的因素，无论建筑物的位置如何。无论这座建筑物安装在哪里，都会有一条铁路线，这座大楼将连接在它上。建筑物的这种情况还在立面上定义了一个等级变量，因为总是有一个离轨道较近的后噪音立面和一个离轨道更远的前门门面。

With this approach in mind and by taking into account the budget limitations, it is decided to go to an industrialized element of a longitudinal shape to optimize its shape factor while adapting it to the morphology of the plot, which is rather narrow, almost parallel to the tracks. The directionality of the building is the only factor which is guaranteed whatever would be the location of the building. Wherever this building will be mounted there will be a railroad line and the building will be attached to it. This situation of the building also defined a hierarchical variable in the façades since there will always be a back noisy façade, close to the tracks, and a front access façade farther from the tracks.

With this approach in mind and by taking into account the budget limitations, it is decided to go to an industrialized element of a longitudinal shape to optimize its shape factor while adapting it to the morphology of the plot, which is rather narrow, almost parallel to the tracks. The directionality of the building is the only factor which is guaranteed whatever would be the location of the building. Wherever this building will be mounted there will be a railroad line and the building will be attached to it. This situation of the building also defined a hierarchical variable in the façades since there will always be a back noisy façade, close to the tracks, and a front access façade farther from the tracks.

 © Fernando Alda

(费尔南多·阿尔达)

为了保证建筑物不同空间的正确照明，决定建立一些天井，以减少太阳在窗户上的照射。自然光照是间接的，因此，方向对建筑物的热行为的影响减少了。天井由四个带有微孔板的滑动门关闭，以便于白天通风和自然照明；夜间，建筑物的内部照明向外辐射，在环境中充当火炬。它们还允许这些空间的开放或关闭，这取决于对隐私或渗透性的需要。

To guarantee a correct illumination of the different spaces of the building it was decided to create a number of patios to reduce solar incidence on the windows. Natural illumination is then indirect and, consequently, the influence of orientation on the thermal behavior of the building is reduced. The patios are closed by four sliding gates with micro perforated plates to facilitate ventilation and natural illumination during the day while during the night the internal lighting of the building radiated towards the outside acting as a torch in the environment. They also allow the opening or closure of these spaces depending on the need for privacy or for permeability.

To guarantee a correct illumination of the different spaces of the building it was decided to create a number of patios to reduce solar incidence on the windows. Natural illumination is then indirect and, consequently, the influence of orientation on the thermal behavior of the building is reduced. The patios are closed by four sliding gates with micro perforated plates to facilitate ventilation and natural illumination during the day while during the night the internal lighting of the building radiated towards the outside acting as a torch in the environment. They also allow the opening or closure of these spaces depending on the need for privacy or for permeability.

 © Fernando Alda

(费尔南多·阿尔达)

Architects Estudio Astiz

Location Las Rozas, Madrid, Spain

Design Team Estudio Astiz

Arquitecto Autor de Proyecto Miguel Ángel Astiz

Area 100.0 m2

Project Year 2016

Photographs Fernando Alda

Category Train Station

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