Darak Darak, The_System Lab, 2017: This family home is also a commercial enterprise, including offices, studio space and a cafe run by the client’s wife. The two-storey home sits on top of the whole four-storey building, designed by The_System Lab to be financially self-sustaining. Photography: Yong Kwan Kim

你能从城市的天际线上读懂它吗？首尔的故事无疑是一个翻版透纳，从江南时尚的商业摩天大楼和庞大的概念店到北部的传统手柄和南部低洼的工业区，再到郊区高耸的住宅楼，都是一次过山车式的建筑过山车。

建筑师们对不同的城市调色板着迷，来到首尔游玩——在这里，他们可以建造自己的梦想，因为任何东西都适合。
在热情的瞬间，如拉斐尔·维尼奥利建筑师事务所（JongnoTower）（1999年）、IARC建筑师事务所（2013年）和扎哈·哈考德的东大门公园飞船（2014年）所构想的大胆建筑，都是在首尔出生的。

釜山乐天世界大厦，科恩佩德森福克斯协会，2016。设计灵感来自韩国传统的物质文化，如陶瓷、瓷器和书法的形状。在汉城城市演变的颂歌中，一个“接缝”从塔顶向上延伸，指向古老的城市中心。

首尔是一座真正现代化的城市，是20世纪末的产物。直到20世纪60年代末，也就是朝鲜战争结束后的十年，韩国才开始在经济上取得繁荣。在20世纪70年代，主要的基础设施被建立起来；其中包括首尔地铁，现在是世界上最大和最先进的地铁之一，横跨汉江的桥梁连接着宁静的江南区和城市的其他地方。

二十年的建设热情接踵而至，人口不断增加，密度不断增加，直到21世纪的大萧条。2008年，政府暂停，并制定了严格的规划条例，对楼面与面积的比率(远)，试图控制高密度，限制了整个城市的建筑师和开发商的遐想。

国际新闻，奥尔森·昆地，2015年。这座15层楼高的建筑是该品牌的旗舰，包括办公室、设计工作室、地下零售空间和餐厅，以及屋顶花园。

然而，还有什么比挑战更好的呢？建筑师们已经习惯于突破平面图、材料甚至重力的限制，以应对首尔的建筑挑战。2016年，在第15届威尼斯建筑双年展上，韩国馆以“远足游戏：激发创造力的制约因素”为标题，对这一现象进行了考察。

首尔的限制范围从100%到1,000%，绿化带地区降至50%。
商业建筑最高可达1,000%。
值得注意的是，这一数字降至800%，这是在城市的中心、历史地区（《首尔市政府关于城市规划条例》第55条）的四个大门内建造的。

Sinseol-DongHanok，核心架构师，2016年。
这家公司使用悬臂式钢架，在原来的汉OK之上悬挂了一个新的建筑，他们恢复了原有的建筑，绕过了所有传统建筑，实现了新旧平衡。
摄影：永关金，月亮荣植，核心建筑师

在过去的两年中，建筑师们在遥远的环境中工作，越来越意识到他们对天际线的长期贡献。近年来，人们对形状和材质的关注越来越密切——如Olson Kundig的钢网覆盖立面和新元的红砖外观。

住宅建筑的远距离比例在整个城市的位置上各不相同，从100%到250%不等，再加上伴随着棘手的城市内部场地的其他规划规则。系统实验室(System Lab)的达拉克·达拉克(Darak Darak)大楼就是一个例子，说明了建筑师们在“远距离”(Far Of Far)游戏中一家人的住宅建筑，下面有办公室和工作室的空间供业主出租，是用对角线外墙建造的，它绕过了这个密集包围的场地的限制。阳台，不包括在远处，旨在扩大居住空间和电缆屋顶允许阁楼存储空间，不包括在远处。名单还在继续。

Keb Hana银行地标塔，系统实验室，2017年。该空间旨在通过文化活动等多功能来改善和丰富客户体验。

汉城的住宅并不总是那么高效。传统的HANOK，一个单层的房子，由石头和木材制成，有着厚重的山形屋顶和宽阔的庭院，可以在城市的某些地区找到，如布克汉诺克村，并且违反了所有的空间效率规则。在2001，一个汉诺克保护计划被通过，以保护剩余的汉诺克在整个城市，但是，由于保存成本-往往比一个情节值得更多的钱-开发商要么避免他们或找到办法拆除他们。

井井有条地，核心建筑师们找到了一种方法来保存一个旧的汉克并建立一个现代的空间高效的房子，设计一个悬臂式钢架，在旧的上方漂浮一个新的结构，绕过汉克，他们恢复了荣耀。
虽然这个网站远达50%，但建筑师们表示，这是唯一能挽救破旧的汉克的东西，因为“这是一个没有人想要接触的复杂场地”。

首尔天空花园，MVRDV，2017年。在20世纪70年代建造的前立交桥上，再生空间还将容纳一座韩国植物园，为当地植物、咖啡馆和茶馆编目。MVRDV提供

像首尔这样的城市总是在移动。今年开始的新项目包括_系统实验室的KEB Hana银行地标塔和由MVRDV(首尔版的曼哈顿高线)建造的首尔天空花园。首尔建筑与城市双年展的首期将于2017年9月推出，主题是“首尔是一座以人为本的城市”。肯定会有很多话要说。

Darak Darak, The_System Lab, 2017: Located in the architecturally-crowded area of Songpa, this house is built on a 200 sq m site and constructed in concrete, with a sleek protective steel facade. The diagonal edge passes smoothly through planning restrictions, allowing the building to make the most of its limited site. Photography: Yong Kwan Kim

Hyundai Card Headquarters 3, One O One, 2016: One O One renovated a 1980s building on Yeouido island for the Hyundai Card HQ 3, which contains the Hyundai Card Factory as well as offices, a nursery, and cafes and restaurants for employees

Hyundai Card Headquarters 3, One O One, 2016: While the facade is blocky and modern, the architects transformed the interior, opening up the building to light through double-height spaces and rearranging walls with a new plaster finish

Shinsegae International, Olson Kundig, 2015: Luxury clothing brand Shinsegae’s HQ, designed by Olson Kundig, is an iconic addition to Gangnam. The gridded facade is inspired by woven material and features seven steel wheels eight feet in diameter, which open and close a series of steel panels to regulate light and shade

Nonhyeon 101-1, Stocker Lee Architetti, 2016: Built on the site of a demolished building, this new four-storey office and apartment building in Gangnam has a concrete ground floor which holds a cafe slightly sunken below street level. Photography: Simone Bossi

Nonhyeon 101-1, Stocker Lee Architetti, 2016: The architects looked to bring a new style, texture and colour to the area through the building. The upper levels, built in red brick, cantilever over the footprint, creating a sheltered entranceway for the offices and apartments above. Photography: Simone Bossi

Won & Won 63.5, Doojin Hwang Architects, 2015: The Gangnam-based commercial office building Won & Won 63.5 – which is 63.5m high – is constructed of brick and glass. The surprising choice of material for this high-rise adds variety and softness to the skyline

Won & Won 63.5, Doojin Hwang Architects, 2015: The architects see the aesthetic of the bricks as ‘pixels’ which reduce in the middle of the building to open up gaps and serve as railings to balconies. A C-shaped roof garden is shaped like the courtyard of a hanok

Lotte World Tower, Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates, 2016: At 123 storeys and 555m high, this building is in the world’s top-ten tallest and is South Korea’s highest. The softly tapering form, with curved summit, encompasses a variety of facets under its sleek facade, from offices, to a hotel, retail space and a public observation deck

Sinseol-dong Hanok, CoRe architects, 2016: Taking on the renovation of a run-down traditional hanok on a small site restricted by 50 per cent floor-to-area ratio (FAR) restrictions, CoRe architects succeeded in building a modern family home against all odds. Photography: Yong Kwan Kim, Moon Jung Sik, CoRe architects

Chang-dong daycare center (Tetris Nursery), IROJE KHM Architects, 2016: Striking a playful contrast to the sprawling residential high-rise community of northern Dobong-gu, this nursery is designed to inspire learning and fun. The colourfully glazed windows afford children new ways to see the world and change the physical experience of the architecture. Photography: Sergio Pirrone​

Chang-dong daycare center (Tetris Nursery), IROJE KHM Architects, 2016: Dividing the block into several volumes, lead architect HyoMan Kim built the form like a game of Tetris, connecting the volumes with a terrace playground and roof garden to create a varied circulation. Photography: Sergio Pirrone​

House of Dior Boutique, Christian de Portzamparc and Peter Marino, 2015: Reflecting the flowing drapery of couture fabric, the iconic facade of this Dior boutique is made from resin and fiberglass imprinted with the Dior cannage motif. The interiors were designed by Peter Marino, inspired by the iconic Avenue Montaigne Dior flagship. Photography: Nicolas Borel 

House of Dior Boutique, Christian de Portzamparc and Peter Marino, 2015: Located in the upmarket area of Cheongdam-dong in Gangnam, the six-storey building houses fashion accessories, a VIP lounge, gallery and the Café Dior, run by French pastry chef Pierre Hermé. Photography: Nicolas Borel 

Givenchy HQ, Piuarch, 2015: Designed in close collaboration with former Givenchy art director Riccardo Tisci, this glossy cube with graphic facade, set on a glazed ground floor level, is evocative of the T-cut style of Givenchy's tailoring. Photography: Shin Kyung Sub

Givenchy HQ, Piuarch, 2015: The skin of the facade is made of electropolished steel plates with irregular holes, which reflect the changing light levels of the city. Piuarch wanted to create a dynamic and artistic building that would respond to the environment. Photography: Shin Kyung Sub

Platform-L Contemporary Art Center, Jeonghoon Lee of JOHO Architecture, 2016: A cultural offshoot of the Louis Quatorze fashion brand, this art gallery and event space is built in two volumes with a central courtyard and underground Live Hall for performances and large audiences, really making the most of its site, surrounded by streets on three sides. Photography: Namgoong Sun for Platform-L Contemporary Art Center

Platform-L Contemporary Art Center, Jeonghoon Lee of JOHO Architecture, 2016: The horizontal geometric patterns of the facade were inspired by Louis XIV’s Gardens of Versailles and provide a dynamic design feature for this residential part of Gangnam. Photography: Namgoong Sun for Platform-L Contemporary Art Center

KEB Hana Bank Landmark Tower, The_System Lab, 2017: Scheduled to complete in May 2017, this tower will integrate several major branches of KEB Hana Bank, Korea’s largest banking group, into one building, reflecting the move to online banking for many customers. The evolving facade of three-dimensional round cells will be an attraction for visitors

Lie Sangbong Tower, Unsangdong Architects, 2017: Commissioned by Lie Sangbong, a leading fashion designer, the tower sees a combination of contemporary and East Asian aesthetics, designed to be a porthole which connects the city to nature

Seoul Skygarden, MVRDV, 2017: Opening soon, Seoul’s version of the High Line sits on a 938m section of elevated highway. The pedestrian walkway and public space was commissioned by Seoul Metropolitan Government. Image courtesy of MVRDV